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All Words (146 Words)

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Advanced Words (37 Words)

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Word List

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Word	Meaning	Advanced
drought	n: a long period of time during which there is very little or no rain, leading to a shortage of water and often causing damage to crops and other vegetation
tolerant	adj: accepting different views, beliefs, or practices without judgment or interference
crop	n: a plant that is cultivated in large amounts, particularly for food
resurrection	n: the act of being brought back to life or revived, especially after a period of death or dormancy; a rebirth or renewal of something that was thought to be lost or forgotten
resurrect	v: to bring back to life or bring into existence again
estimate	v: to guess or calculate the cost, size, value, etc. of something
bulk	n: the quantity or size of something that is very large; the main part of something
agriculture	n: the practice or science of cultivating the land or raising stock
chain	n: a series of connected links or objects; a system or group of interconnected elements; a restraint or shackle
percentage	n: the number, amount, or rate of something, which is usually the amount per hundred
climate	n: the weather in a particular location averaged over some long period
arid	adj: lacking in moisture or rainfall; dry and barren; lacking in interest, life, or vitality
infrequent	adj: occurring rarely or irregularly; happening at long intervals; not happening often or in large numbers
rainfall	n: the amount of rain that falls in a specific location at a particular moment
predict	v: to state beforehand that something will happen in the future, mainly based on knowledge or experience
preferable	adj: more desirable or suitable than another option; more favored or favored over something else; better or more advantageous
rainfed	adj: referring to agricultural practices or crops that rely solely on rainfall for moisture and do not utilize additional irrigation methods, which are dependent on the natural precipitation in a region and can be subject to variations in rainfall patterns and drought conditions
essential	adj: indispensable; fundamental
planet	n: any of the nine large celestial bodies that circle in the solar system; any celestial body that revolves around a star
metabolism	n: the set of chemical reactions in cells or organisms that are necessary for life-sustaining
microbe	n: a tiny living thing that can only be seen with a microscope and that may cause disease
comprise	v: to include or consist of something; the act of making up or forming something
predominate	v: to be the most powerful, important, or frequent; to be more common or prevalent than others
reaction	n: a response that reveals a person’s feelings or attitude; (in chemistry) a process in which one or more substances are changed into others
stick	v: to put something, usually a sharp object, into something; to restrict yourself to doing or using one certain thing and not change; (noun) a thin piece of wood or other material
instance	n: a particular example or single occurrence of something
resist	v: to refuse to accept something and attempt to prevent it from happening
extreme	adj: very great in amount or degree
succulent	adj: having thick and fleshy leaves or stems that can store water, typically used to describe plants in arid environments; (noun) a type of plant that has thick, fleshy leaves or stems that are capable of storing water
attractive	adj: immensely appealing in look or sound; having characteristics or qualities that make something appealing and valuable
shrub	n: a woody plant that is smaller than a tree and has several main stems emerging from the soil
subterranean	adj: under the ground
flush	v: to become red on your face, especially because you are embarrassed, angry, or hot; to rinse, clean, or empty something, especially a toilet, by causing large quantities of water to flow
hydrate	v: to add water or moisture to something; to drink enough fluids to maintain proper moisture; (noun) any compound that contains water of crystallization
baobab	n: a type of African tree with a large, bulbous trunk and sparse branches that often looks upside-down; also known as the “tree of life” due to its ability to store water during droughts
upside	n: the positive aspect or potential of something; the upper side of something
proportion	n: a part, share, or amount of something considered in comparative relation to a whole
strategy	n: a detailed plan of action designed to achieve a long-term or overall goal.
vegetation	n: plants in general, particularly those indigenous to a particular region or spot
desert	n: arid land with little or no vegetation often covered with sand or rocks
desiccate	v: to remove moisture and liquids from something thoroughly
environment	n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live
prolong	v: to extend the duration or length of something, particularly a period of time or an event
germinate	v: to begin to grow or develop, typically as a seed sprouts
evolution	n: a gradual process of transformation of living things
colonize	v: to establish a colony in or on a specific place; to settle or occupy in large numbers
radiation	n: the energy that comes from a nuclear reaction in the form of rays, waves, or particles and that can be hazardous to health
angiosperm	n: a type of flowering plant that produces seeds enclosed within a protective structure, such as a fruit or seed pod, which comprises the largest group of plants in the plant kingdom, and they include most of the familiar plants found in gardens, forests, and fields
wheat	n: a cereal plant that is the most important kind grown in temperate countries, the grain of which is ground to make flour for bread, pasta, pastry, etc
maize	n: a cereal grain that is native to the Americas and cultivated in wide varieties for its large, yellow, edible seed and as a feed for livestock
seed	n: a small, hard, often round, a reproductive structure that contains a plant’s genetic material and is capable of growing into a new plant
calorie	n: unit of heat defined as the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius at atmospheric pressure, used by nutritionists to measure how much energy food will produce
famine	n: a severe shortage of food, often caused by drought, war, or economic reasons
downside	n: the negative aspects or consequences of something; the potential for loss or failure
vegetative	adj: composed of or relating to the division of nature comprising the plant; alive but losing brain functioning and having only involuntary bodily functioning
tissue	n: an ensemble of similar cells of the animal or plant that together carry out a specific function
inherent	adj: existing in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute
resistance	n: the act of defending oneself from an aggressor or refusing to accept something
tolerance	n: the willingness to accept or tolerate something, especially something that is different or unpleasant
characteristic	n: a typical feature or quality that can identify, tell apart, or describe something or somebody
survive	v: to live or exist despite a dangerous event or period
concerted	adj: involving the joint activity of more than one person, government, country, etc.
improvisation	n: the act of making something up on the spot or creating or performing something without preparation
cellular	adj: of or connected with the cells of animals or plants; of or connected with a mobile telephone system that uses several short-range radio stations instead of wires
withstand	v: to resist the effect or impact of something
phenomenon	n: something that exists and can be perceptible, especially one that is not fully understood
process	n: a series of actions or operations performed to achieve a particular outcome or goal; a systematic procedure or approach used to accomplish a specific task or objective; a method of treating milk to make it suitable for consumption or use in other dairy products
axis	n: a real or imaginary straight line through a body or figure around which the object turns; a group of countries in special alliance
amazing	adj: extremely surprising, especially in a way that you like or admire
relative	adj: considered and evaluated through comparison with something else
staple	adj: essential, crucial, or regularly used
gluten	n: a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye that is responsible for the elastic texture of the dough
initially	adv: at the beginning; at first
mechanism	n: a part of a machine, or a set of parts that performs a task; a natural or established process that occurs during a specific situation or reaction
undertake	v: to do or begin to do something, such as an enterprise or responsibility
biology	n: the scientific study of life and the natural processes of living things
comprehensive	adj: complete and including all or everything necessary
molecular	adj: of or relating to molecules (= a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds)
physiological	adj: relating to the normal functioning of living organisms and their organs and systems; concerning the physical or biochemical processes and activities that occur within the body
anatomy	n: the scientific study that deals with the physical structure of humans, animals, or plants
structure	n: the way of construction of something and the arrangement of its parts, or a complex thing constructed of many parts
transcriptome	n: the complete set of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules present within a cell or tissue at a specific time, which represents the collection of genes that are actively being transcribed
protein	n: a molecule made up of a long chain of amino acids, which is essential for the structure and function of the body’s tissues
proteome	n: the entire complement of proteins that can be expressed by a genome, cell, tissue, or organism, including all of its functional forms and modifications
enzyme	n: a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction
metabolite	n: a substance produced by metabolic processes in living organisms, especially those that are essential for normal physiological functions
metabolome	n: the complete set of small molecules, such as metabolites, found within a cell, tissue, or organism at a specific time, which represents the metabolic status and activity of a biological system
chemical	adj: relating to or connected with chemistry;
arsenal	n: a collection of weapons or military equipment stored in preparation for war or conflict; a collection of resources or tools available for use in a particular field or endeavor
involve	v: to include or affect someone or something as a necessary part of something else
lipid	n: any of a group of organic compounds, including fats, oils, and waxes, that are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents and are essential constituents of living cells
membrane	n: a soft, thin layer that forms animal or vegetable tissue
biochemical	adj: relating to the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms
function	n: the purpose or use of an object, system, or process; a particular activity or operation that is designed to serve a specific purpose; a mathematical concept that describes a relationship between two sets of values, called the input and output sets; (verb) to operate or work in a specific way, or to perform a particular task or purpose
discovery	n: the act or process of finding information, a place, or an object, or learning about something that was previously not known
philosophy	n: the study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind
genetically	adv: in a way that relates to or is produced by genes (= the units in the cells of a living thing received by an animal or plant from its parents) or heredity
modify	v: to change something slightly, such as a plan, option, law, etc., especially to make it more suitable for a particular purpose
definition	n: a concise explanation of the meaning of a word, phrase, or symbol
genetic	adj: of or relating to genes (= parts of the DNA in cells) or the science of genes
modification	n: the act of changing something, usually to improve it, or something changed
ancestor	n: a person from whom one is descended; a forefather
conventional	adj: based on or following traditional rules, standards, customs, etc.
breed	v: to keep animals for producing offspring in a regulated manner
essence	n: the basic or most important part or quality of something that makes it what it is
appropriate	adj: suitable or proper in the circumstances; fitting
collaborate	v: to work with someone else to produce or achieve something
spearhead	v: to lead or initiate an effort or campaign
embark	v: to go on board a ship or plane; to set out on an enterprise or subject of study; to start something
ambitious	adj: having a great desire to attain achievement, power, or wealth
aim	v: to try or plan to get or achieve something
suite	n: a set of rooms designated for a particular purpose or activity, especially a set of rooms in a hotel or private residence used as a living unit; a musical composition of several movements only loosely connected; the group following and attending to some important person
decide	v: to make up someone’s mind about something; to come to a conclusion or judgment after considering options
stranded	adj: left in a difficult or helpless position without access to help or resources; unable to move or proceed
tight	adj: fixed, fastened, or kept together firmly or closely
chromosome	n: a long and string-like DNA molecule containing the part or all of the genetic material of an organism that controls what an animal or plant is like
unwind	v: to relax and release tension, often by engaging in leisure activities or by simply resting; to reverse the winding or twisting of something
promoter	n: a person or organization that helps to promote or publicize something, such as an event, product, or idea
terminate	v: to bring to an end or stop
indicate	v: to show, point out, or make known something, often through a sign or a symbol; to suggest or imply something without stating it directly
normally	adv: usually; under normal conditions
fine-tuning	n: the act of making small adjustments or changes to improve or optimize the performance, quality, or effectiveness of something
typical	adj: having the usual characteristics or traits of a specific group of things
inducible	adj: capable of being brought about or caused; able to be prompted, persuaded, or influenced to do or experience something; responsive to a stimulus or condition
induce	v: to persuade someone to do something; to cause to act in a specific manner
antioxidant	n: a substance that inhibits oxidation, especially one used to counteract the deterioration of stored food products
react	v: to take action in response to something
oxygen	n: the chemical element with the symbol O that is present in air and water and is necessary for people, animals, and plants to live
dam	n: a wall constructed over a river to block the flow of water, mainly used to generate energy
damage	v: to harm or cause injury to something or someone, often resulting in decreased value or functionality; to impair or negatively affect something, such as a reputation or relationship; (noun) harm or injury that is caused to a person, thing, or entity
strain	n: a force or pressure that stretches or pulls something, sometimes causing damage; (biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups
popularity	n: the state of being widely accepted, admired, or appreciated by many people
arrow	n: a thin, pointed projectile designed to be shot from a bow; a symbol or pointer that is shaped like an arrow
hell	n: the place thought to be where bad people go and are punished after death, often depicted as being located beneath the earth; an extraordinarily unpleasant or difficult place
slightly	adv: in a small degree or extent; a little
phrase	n: a group of words that mean something specific when used together
evolve	v: to develop gradually, or to cause the development of something or someone gradually
consequence	n: the outcome of a particular action or event, especially relative to an individual
collaboration	n: the act or situation of working together to create or produce something
statistics	n: the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data
illustrate	v: to provide pictures, photographs, diagrams, etc. in a book or something for explanation
crude	adj: being in an unrefined or natural state; (noun) the unprocessed form of oil
represent	v: to speak, act, or be present on behalf of another person or group; to form or constitute
develop	v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created
modern	adj: of or belonging to the present time or recent times
mimic	v: to imitate someone’s speech, movement, or behavior, especially to make others laugh