Important (Read me first!)
This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.
We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.
Reference Source
You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?
All Words (153 Words)
You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.
Quick Look
Podcast
YouTube Post
Vocabulary Builder
Advanced Words (43 Words)
If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.
YouTube Post
Vocabulary Builder
Word List
You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.
Word | Meaning | Advanced |
---|---|---|
invite | v: to ask someone to come or join; to offer an opportunity or possibility for something to happen or take place | |
continent | n: one of the earth’s large landmasses; (adjective) abstaining from your feelings, especially your desire to have sex | |
largely | adv: virtually entirely; to a large degree | |
unexplored | adj: not yet examined, investigated, or studied; lacking in knowledge or information; unknown or undiscovered | |
legend | n: an old story that may or may not be accurate regarding some persons and events; a well-known person who is admired by others for a long time, particularly in a particular field | |
dramatic | adj: very sudden, very excellent, or full of action and excitement | |
landscape | n: an expanse of scenery that can be seen in a single view; a large area of land, especially in the country and relating to its appearance | |
underground | adj: under the surface of the ground; a secret group organized to achieve a specific purpose, such as overthrowing the government or occupying a force | |
chamber | n: a large room used for a formal, public, or particular purpose; one of the parts of a parliament | |
biology | n: the scientific study of life and the natural processes of living things | |
mineralogy | n: the scientific study of minerals, naturally occurring inorganic substances with homogeneous chemical composition and ordered internal structure that focuses on the identification, characterization, and classification of minerals | |
intrepid | adj: courageous and not afraid of danger or difficulties | |
satellite | n: an electronic device that is sent up into space and moves around the Earth or another planet, used for gathering information or communicating by radio, television, etc. | |
planet | n: any of the nine large celestial bodies that circle in the solar system; any celestial body that revolves around a star | |
cave | n: a large hole in the side of a hill, cliff, mountain, or under the ground | |
shaft | n: a long, narrow part or section of an arrow, hammer, golf club, etc.; a long, narrow passage consisting of the vertical part of a column | |
geography | n: a field of science devoted to the study of the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of the Earth | |
dimension | n: a measurable extent of a particular kind, such as width, height, or length | |
unappreciated | adj: not adequately valued or acknowledged | |
creature | n: a living being, especially an animal | |
perception | n: a belief, opinion, or image you have based on how you regard, understand, or interpret something; the ability to see, hear, or notice something through the senses | |
skew | v: to turn or place at an angle; to make biased or distorted with the result that it is not accurate, fair, normal, etc. | |
depth | n: the distance between the top and bottom of something; between the top surface and a distance below it | |
atmosphere | n: the mass of air that surrounds the Earth; the pervading tone or mood of a place, situation, or creative work | |
systematic | adj: done or acting according to a determined set of systems or plans: | |
mammoth | adj: exceedingly large or extensive; (noun) any of numerous extinct elephants widely distributed in the Pleistocene | |
abyss | n: a deep, dark, or seemingly bottomless chasm or void | |
karst | n: a landscape or terrain characterized by underground drainage systems, sinkholes, caves, and the dissolution of limestone or other soluble rocks, which regions often have unique hydrological features due to the dissolution of rock layers | |
infiltrate | v: to enter or penetrate a group, organization, or place covertly or secretly, usually with a specific purpose or goal in mind; to spread or diffuse through something gradually or subtly | |
crack | v: to break or cause to break without dividing into separate parts; (noun) a line on the surface of something along which it has separated without breaking | |
fracture | n: the breaking or cracking of a rigid material or object such as bone | |
dissolve | v: to be or cause to be absorbed by a liquid to form a part of the solution; to close down or dismiss | |
soluble | adj: able to dissolve in a particular substance or solvent; able to be solved or settled | |
lithology | n: the study of the physical and chemical properties of rocks and geological formations | |
drainage | n: the process of draining or the condition of being drained; the natural or artificial removal of water from an area or a system, usually due to rainfall or melting snow | |
tunnel | n: an underground or underwater passage, typically for trains or cars | |
conduit | n: a channel, pipe, or tube that is used to direct the flow of fluids or other material from one place to another; figuratively, a means of communication or channel for transmitting information, ideas, or concepts | |
spelean | adj: relating to or characteristic of caves or their exploration, typically used in the context of spelunking or cave exploration | |
roughly | adv: approximately but not precisely; with a violent manner | |
geologist | n: a scientist or specialist who studies geology | |
estimate | v: to guess or calculate the cost, size, value, etc. of something | |
discovery | n: the act or process of finding information, a place, or an object, or learning about something that was previously not known | |
undiscovered | adj: not yet found or known | |
endless | adj: having no end or conclusion; infinitely very large in size or amount | |
glacier | n: a slowly moving mass of ice formed from snow on mountains or near the North Pole or the South Pole | |
volcanic | adj: relating to or produced by or consisting of volcano | |
lava | n: molten rock that has been extruded from a volcano and solidified; a highly fluid, highly heated substance or material | |
mar | v: to damage or spoil the appearance or surface of something | |
characteristic | n: a typical feature or quality that can identify, tell apart, or describe something or somebody | |
specific | adj: clearly defined or particular to a certain thing or situation; distinct, explicit, and precise | |
alien | n: a person who comes from a different country, race, or group; a form of life assumed to exist outside the Earth or its atmosphere | |
hometown | n: the town or city where one was born or grew up | |
quest | n: a long or challenging search for something | |
opportune | adj: suitable or happening at a time that is suitable or convenient for a particular purpose | |
basin | n: a natural depression or valley that is circular or oval on the surface of the earth, especially one that has water in it; a container with a bowl form that is typically used to hold food or liquids | |
mass | n: a large amount of a substance with no definite shape or form; a large number of people or things grouped or crowded together | |
enchant | v: to cast a spell on; to fascinate or charm someone | |
surround | v: to be all around something or somebody | |
vertical | adj: upright or perpendicular to a horizontal surface or line | |
vertigo | n: a feeling of dizziness or disorientation often caused by a disturbance in the inner ear; a sensation or feeling of being unsteady or losing one’s balance | |
waterfall | n: a point in a river or stream where water falls from a high place, for example, over a cliff or rock | |
inspire | v: to make somebody fill with the desire, confidence, or enthusiasm, especially to do something creative | |
novel | n: an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story; (adjective) original and of a kind not seen before | |
separate | v: to force, take, or pull apart; mark as different | |
surrounding | adj: that is near or around, or closely encircling something | |
lowland | n: low-lying country or region | |
resemble | v: to look like or be similar to someone or something | |
fortress | n: a large and strongly built structure, typically with high walls and a moat, used as a military defense or for protection against attackers | |
impregnable | adj: impossible to enter, capture, or defeat; difficult to argue against or resist | |
paradox | n: a statement, situation, or person that has two opposite facts or features and therefore seems impossible, is difficult to understand, or is strange; | |
quartz | n: a hard, mineral compound consisting of silicon dioxide, often occurring as colorless or white crystals but also found in various colors, and commonly used in jewelry and watches, as well as in the production of glass and other industrial applications | |
mineral | n: a solid inorganic substance occurring in nature having a definite chemical composition | |
crust | n: a hard outer layer that forms on the surface of a liquid as it cools or on a solid as a result of exposure to air or moisture | |
quartzite | n: a hard and compact metamorphic rock composed primarily of quartz, often used in construction and decorative applications | |
republic | n: a state or country in which the people and their elected representatives hold supreme power and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch | |
contradiction | n: the assertion of the opposite of what has been said; opposition; denial | |
evolve | v: to develop gradually, or to cause the development of something or someone gradually | |
uplift | n: the process of raising land to a higher elevation, or the result of this process; (verb) fill with high spirits | |
disrupt | v: to prevent or stop something, especially an event, activity, or process, from continuing in the usual way by causing a problem or disturbance | |
supercontinent | n: a large landmass that is formed by the collision and merging of several smaller continents and which then eventually breaks apart again due to tectonic forces | |
Atlantic | adj: relating to or located near the Atlantic Ocean, which is the second-largest ocean on Earth, located between the continents of North and South America to the west and Europe and Africa to the east | |
sculpt | v: to create a work of art by carving, casting, or other shaping techniques | |
tower | n: a structure that is exceptionally high in proportion to its width and either forms part of a building or stands alone | |
frame | n: a strong border or structure of the wood, metal, etc. that surrounds something such as a picture, door, or window | |
angel | n: a spiritual being believed to be a messenger of God often depicted as having wings and a halo | |
hint | n: an indirect suggestion; a slight but appreciable amount of something | |
identify | v: to recognize someone or something and say or prove who or what they are | |
collapse | v: to fall down or give way suddenly, often after breaking apart | |
boulder | n: a large, smooth rock, typically one that has been worn away from a cliff or mountain by erosion | |
pile | n: a collection of objects positioned one on top of another; a large sum of something, such as money | |
void | n: an empty space; a feeling of emptiness; (adjective) lacking any legal or binding force | |
indication | n: a sign or remark that something exists, is real, or is likely to occur | |
attempt | n: an act or effort of trying to do something, especially something difficult | |
helicopter | n: a type of aircraft that is capable of hovering in place and moving vertically, as well as flying horizontally; often used for emergency medical services, military operations, and transport in areas with limited access | |
fog | n: a thick cloud consisting of tiny water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air at or near the Earth’s surface; a weather condition in which visibility is reduced because of a cloud of water | |
rainfall | n: the amount of rain that falls in a specific location at a particular moment | |
spot | n: a particular location or place; a small round or roundish area, differing in color or feels from the surface around it | |
plateau | n: an elevated, relatively level expanse of land, typically vast and extending over a large area; a state or period of little or no change following a period of growth, development, or progress | |
expedition | n: a journey or voyage for a specific purpose | |
incredible | adj: unbelievable; enormous | |
indigenous | adj: someone or something that is native to or occurring naturally in a particular place | |
religion | n: a deep conviction in a supernatural power that controls human destiny | |
sacred | adj: connected with religion or religious purposes; worthy of respect or dedication because of a connection with a god | |
protocol | n: a set of rules or procedures for transmitting data or conducting a process or activity, especially in computer networks or scientific experiments; the initial or original version of an agreement | |
contaminate | v: to make something impure, unclean, or poisonous by contact or mixture | |
environment | n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live | |
presence | n: the fact or state that someone or something exists, occurs, or is present | |
communal | adj: belonging to or used by a group rather than individuals; for common use | |
represent | v: to speak, act, or be present on behalf of another person or group; to form or constitute | |
snapshot | n: an informal photograph, especially one taken quickly | |
classic | adj: judged or deserving to be regarded as one of the best or most important of its kind over a period of time; of a well-known type | |
limestone | n: a sedimentary rock that is composed mainly of calcium carbonate, which is the mineral calcite | |
stalactite | n: a tapering, elongated mineral deposit that hangs from the roof of a cave, formed by the accumulation of mineral-rich water dripping from the ceiling | |
calcium | n: a chemical element with the symbol Ca and atomic number 20, which is an important mineral for the human body | |
carbonate | n: a carbonic acid salt or ester that contains the anion CO3 | |
mushroom | n: a type of fungus that grows on dead or decaying organic matter and typically has a stalk and an umbrella-shaped cap | |
silica | n: a hard, brittle mineral that occurs as silicon dioxide in various forms such as quartz, opal, or flint, commonly used in various industrial applications, such as as an abrasive or filler | |
monster | n: an imaginary creature that is large and has various human and animal parts; someone or something large and powerful | |
scared | adj: afraid or frightened | |
dinosaur | n: a large extinct reptile, often with an armored back, long neck, tail, and bony plates on the skin | |
bacteria | n: single-celled or noncellular spherical or spiral or rod-shaped organisms that exist in large numbers in the air, water, and soil, and also in living and dead creatures and plants, and are often a cause of disease | |
colony | n: a country or an area that is governed by a more powerful country that is often far away | |
structure | n: the way of construction of something and the arrangement of its parts, or a complex thing constructed of many parts | |
stromatolite | n: a type of fossilized microbial mat formed by the growth and mineralization of cyanobacteria and other microorganisms, typically found in ancient sedimentary rocks and of great significance to the study of the Earth’s early history and evolution | |
isolation | n: the condition of being alone or lonely; the act or state of separation between persons or groups | |
external | adj: belonging to or situated outside of someone or something | |
implication | n: something that is inferred or indirectly stated; the act or fact of being involved in something | |
enormous | adj: extremely large or great | |
microbe | n: a tiny living thing that can only be seen with a microscope and that may cause disease | |
resolve | v: to find a suitable answer to the problems or difficulty | |
disease | n: a disorder or illness that affects the body or mind, often characterized by specific symptoms or abnormal functioning of organs or systems | |
medicinal | adj: of or relating to the treatment or cure of disease | |
phosphate | n: a chemical compound made up of phosphorus (= a chemical element with the symbol P) and oxygen (= a chemical element with the symbol O), often used in fertilizers, detergents, and other industrial processes | |
sulfur | n: (also sulphur) a chemical element with the symbol S and atomic number 16, found in many minerals and sulfur compounds, often used in the production of fertilizers, rubber, paper, and other industrial applications | |
cricket | n: leaping insect; a game played with a ball and bat by two teams of eleven players | |
diversity | n: the quality or fact of many different types of things or people being included in something; a range of different things or people | |
clue | n: an object, a piece of evidence, or some information that helps someone to find the answer to a problem, question, or mystery | |
origin | n: the first existence or beginning of something | |
relation | n: the way two persons or groups of people feel and act toward one another | |
evolution | n: a gradual process of transformation of living things | |
Negro | n: (“Negro” is now considered out of date and offensive) a term that was once used to refer to people of African descent, especially those living in the United States | |
suppose | v: to think that something is likely to be actual or possible | |
astronaut | n: a person trained by a space agency to travel outside the Earth’s atmosphere | |
principle | n: a fundamental law or truth that explains or controls how something happens or works | |
slide | v: to move or cause to move smoothly along a surface without interruption | |
representative | n: someone who speaks or acts officially on behalf of another person or group of people | |
amazing | adj: extremely surprising, especially in a way that you like or admire | |
photograph | n: a picture or image that is produced by a camera; a visual representation or record of a person, object, or scene that has been captured electronically or on film | |
incredibly | adv: in a way that is very difficult to believe; exceedingly or extremely | |
exposed | adj: having no protection or shield from something, such as bad weather, attack, or criticism | |
colleague | n: one of a group of a coworker, especially in a profession or a business | |
achieve | v: to successfully complete a task or goal, often through hard work, perseverance, and dedication; to attain or accomplish something that one has set out to do | |
spray | n: a fine mist of liquid that is dispersed into the air; flower arrangement consisting of a single branch or shoot bearing flowers and foliage |