Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (145 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (37 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
relate	v: to establish a connection or association between two or more things; to narrate or tell about an event, experience, or relationship; to empathize or feel sympathy with someone or something
palm	n: the inner surface of the hand from the wrist to the base of the fingers; any plant of the family Palmae having an unbranched trunk crowned by large pinnate or palmate leaves
clammy	adj: unpleasantly damp, moist, sticky, or sweaty to the touch; often used to describe a cold, damp sensation on the skin
sweat	n: the salty liquid that is produced by the glands in the skin, especially when the body is hot or under stress
breath	n: the air that is taken into and expelled from your lungs; the process of taking into and expelling air from your lungs
shallow	adj: not having much distance from the top to the bottom
obvious	adj: easy to see, discover or understand
stream	n: a small, narrow river; a continuous flow of something, such as liquid, gas, people, vehicles, etc.
mechanism	n: a part of a machine, or a set of parts that performs a task; a natural or established process that occurs during a specific situation or reaction
nervous	adj: worried and anxious about something; relating to the nerves
flood	n: a large amount of water flowing beyond its normal limits; an overwhelming number or amount
hormone	n: a chemical substance made by organs that encourages or influences the development, growth, sex, etc., of an animal and is carried around the body in the blood
cortisol	n: a hormone produced by the adrenal gland that is involved in regulating the body’s metabolism, immune system, and blood pressure
adrenaline	n: (also “epinephrine”) a substance secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to stress, which makes the heart beat faster and prepares the body to react to danger
bloodstream	n: the blood flowing through the body
oxygen	n: the chemical element with the symbol O that is present in air and water and is necessary for people, animals, and plants to live
threat	n: a strong indication or likelihood of harm, danger, or adverse consequences; an expression of intent to inflict harm or injury on someone or something, often made as a means of coercion or intimidation
activate	v: make something start working, more active or dynamic
stressor	n: something that causes stress or emotional tension
basis	n: the most important facts, ideas, or events from which something is developed; the way how things are organized or arranged
extended	adj: longer than usual or anticipated
overload	v: to put too much a load in or on something
infrequent	adj: occurring rarely or irregularly; happening at long intervals; not happening often or in large numbers
well-being	n: the state of being happy and healthy and prosperous
survival	n: the state of continuing to exist or live, frequently in the face of difficulty or danger
examine	v: to study or consider a person or object attentively and thoroughly to learn something about them
relation	n: the way two persons or groups of people feel and act toward one another
chronic	adj: being long-lasting and recurrent or characterized by long suffering; habitual
disease	n: a disorder or illness that affects the body or mind, often characterized by specific symptoms or abnormal functioning of organs or systems
cancer	n: abnormal growth of cells that can invade and destroy surrounding tissues and organs; a disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells
interfere	v: to get involved in and prevent a process or activity from continuing
process	n: a series of actions or operations performed to achieve a particular outcome or goal; a systematic procedure or approach used to accomplish a specific task or objective; a method of treating milk to make it suitable for consumption or use in other dairy products
pregnant	adj: having a baby or young animal developing in the uterus
develop	v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created
fetus	n: an unborn or unhatched animal in the later stages of development showing the main recognizable features of the mature animal
labor	n: productive work, especially physical work done for wages; the people who do manual or physical work in a country or company for wage; (verb) to work hard or to strive and make an effort to reach a goal
communicate	v: to share or exchange information with others by speaking, writing, moving your body, or using other signals
womb	n: the organ of a woman or female mammal in which a baby develops before birth
infant	n: a baby or very young child
cascade	n: a small waterfall or series of small waterfalls; a succession of stages or operations or processes or units
modern	adj: of or belonging to the present time or recent times
universal	adj: existing or affecting everywhere or everyone
conflict	n: a strong disagreement, argument, or a violent clash between two opposing groups or individuals
relax	v: to become or cause someone to become less active or tense and calmer
prop	n: a piece of wood, metal, etc., placed beneath or against something to support it or keep it in position; a system, institution, or person that gives help or support to someone or something
discriminate	v: to treat a person or particular group of people worse or better than another, especially in an unfair way; to recognize or perceive the difference between people or things
negative	adj: having the quality of something bad or harmful; expressing refusal
pioneer	n: inventor; explorer; someone who is among the first to achieve something
margin	n: the space around the edge of a page or document; (finance) the net sales minus the cost of goods and services sold
maternal	adj: relating to or characteristic of a mother; having feelings that are typical of a caring mother towards her child
premed	n: (an abbreviation for “pre-medical”) a course of study or preparation undertaken by students planning to enter medical school or pursue a career in medicine
trajectory	n: the curved path followed by an object moving through space
doula	n: a trained professional who provides emotional, physical, and informational support to individuals, typically women, before, during, and after childbirth
childbirth	n: the act or process of giving birth to a baby
span	n: the entire length of something, such as time or space from beginning to end; the amount of space that something covers
volunteer	n: a person who performs or offers to perform a job or service without being paid for or forced to do
gig	n: a performance by a musician or group of musicians, especially playing modern or pop music or jazz; a work that someone undertakes on a temporary basis
statistics	n: the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data
outline	v: to describe the main facts or aspects involved in something
entirely	adv: completely
approximate	adj: nearly accurate or correct, but not completely so
sub-Saharan	adj: of or relating to or situated in the area south of the Sahara Desert
communal	adj: belonging to or used by a group rather than individuals; for common use
nation	n: a large organized community of people living in a particular country or region and having a particular culture
skinny	adj: having a very thin or slim body; referring to clothing that is tightly fitting and reveals the shape of the body; referring to information or details that are kept secret or confidential
insufficient	adj: not enough for a particular purpose
native	adj: connecting with or describing someone’s birth country or place of birth, or someone born in a specific country or place
journalist	n: a person who collects and writes news stories or articles for newspapers, magazines, radio, television, or other online media
alarm	n: a loud noise or an automatic signal that warns people of danger; a device that signals the occurrence of some undesirable event or particular danger
appalling	adj: causing horror or shock; deeply disturbing or offensive; extremely bad or unpleasant
assume	v: to think or accept something to be true without having proof of it; to take or begin to have power; to begin to exhibit a specific quality or appearance
poverty	n: the condition of being extremely poor
outcome	n: the result or effect of an action, event, etc.
counterpart	n: a person or thing that corresponds to or has the same function as another person or thing
gap	n: a conspicuous disparity or difference separates something such as a figure, people, their opinions, situation, etc.
widen	v: to become or make something broader, wider, more extensive
definitely	adv: without any question and beyond doubt; clearly
recommend	v: to suggest that someone or something would be a suitable fit for a particular purpose or role
prenatal	adj: of, relating to, or occurring in the period before birth
suffer	v: to experience pain, distress, or hardship; to undergo or endure something painful or unpleasant
racism	n: prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against a person or people based on their membership in a particular ethnic group, typically one that is a minority or marginalized
stretch	v: to make or be capable of making anything longer or broader without hurting or breaking
immigrant	n: a person who has come to a country where they were not born to live there permanently
grandparent	n: a parent of one’s father or mother
paradox	n: a statement, situation, or person that has two opposite facts or features and therefore seems impossible, is difficult to understand, or is strange;
illustrate	v: to provide pictures, photographs, diagrams, etc. in a book or something for explanation
environment	n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live
vast	adj: enormous in size, number, amount, or quantity
fancy	v: to want to do or have something; (noun) something that many people believe but that is false, or that does not exist; imagination or fantasy
midwife	n: a person trained to assist women during childbirth and to provide care for the mother and baby
clinic	n: a building or hospital department where people can go for medical care or advice, especially of a particular condition
achieve	v: to successfully complete a task or goal, often through hard work, perseverance, and dedication; to attain or accomplish something that one has set out to do
remarkable	adj: worthy of attention because unusual or special
full-term	adj: referring to the period of a pregnancy that is approximately 37 to 42 weeks long, when the fetus has fully developed and is ready for birth
deceptive	adj: tending to mislead or deceive either deliberately or inadvertently; causing one to believe what is not true or fail to believe what is true
appointment	n: a formal arrangement to meet someone at a particular time and place, especially for a reason connected with their work; the act of putting a person into a job or position of responsibility
finance	n: the management of money, credit, banking, and investments, especially by a government or commercial organization; the branch of economics that studies the management of money and other assets
hurdle	n: a barrier or obstacle that must be overcome
chastise	v: to criticize or reprimand severely; to discipline or punish for wrongdoing or mistake
belittle	v: to speak or write about someone or something in a way that shows a lack of respect
disguise	v: to hide or alter someone’s appearance to deceive or mislead others
plush	adj: having a soft or luxurious texture, often with a long, dense pile or nap
arrange	v: to plan, prepare for, and carry out something
educator	n: a person who teaches or educates people
greet	v: to say hello to someone; to express welcome on meeting someone
medical	adj: relating to the treatment of illness or injuries; relating to the practice of medicine
assistant	n: someone who helps or supports someone else to do a job
casual	adj: relaxed and informal in manner or dress, not planned or expected; not involving commitment or seriousness
observe	v: to watch or notice something carefully, often to gather information or insights; to take note of something or someone; to celebrate or commemorate a special event or occasion
soon-to-be	adj: used to describe someone or something that will soon become something else or will soon be in a different state or position
nausea	n: a feeling of sickness or discomfort in the stomach that is often accompanied by an urge to vomit; a sensation of loathing or disgust
deflation	n: a decrease in the general price level of goods and services; the act of letting the air out of something
cuff	n: a band or strip of material, usually worn around the wrist or ankle, often used to secure or fasten something in place; a blow or hit delivered with an open hand, typically to the head or ear
prescription	n: a written or spoken instruction that directs a medical practitioner to prescribe a specific treatment or medication for a patient
crucial	adj: extremely vital or necessary
aspect	n: one part or feature of a situation, problem, subject, etc.
provider	n: a person or an organization that supplies somebody with something needed or wanted
medication	n: a drug or other form of medicine that treats, prevents, or alleviates the symptoms of the disease
prescribe	v: (of a doctor) to advise and order the use of particular medicine or treatment for someone, especially in writing; to issue commands or orders for something
departure	n: the act of leaving, especially to start a journey
tradition	n: a belief, custom, or way of doing something that has been passed down from generation to generation within a group or society
responsible	adj: answerable or accountable for something within one’s power, control, or management
recommendation	n: an official suggestion that something is good or suitable for a particular purpose or job
buffer	n: a device, material, or person that reduces the impact or effect of an external force or provides protection against harm or damage
incredibly	adv: in a way that is very difficult to believe; exceedingly or extremely
complication	n: something that makes a situation or condition that is complex or confused
eliminate	v: to remove or get rid of someone or something
chunky	adj: characterized by being thick and heavy; containing or consisting of large, solid pieces; having a stocky, muscular build
demographic	n: a statistic characterizing that describes people or groups of people based on their age, sex, income, etc.
headway	n: forward movement or progress made despite obstacles or resistance; clearance or space in which to move forward
intractable	adj: difficult to manage or control; stubborn or obstinate
maintain	v: to continue to uphold or sustain; to keep in a particular state or condition; to assert or declare something to be true
implement	v: to put a decision, plan, or system into effect
revolution	n: a large-scale attempt to overthrow the government of a country, often using violence or war;
stratify	v: to arrange or divide into layers or strata based on characteristics such as social, economic, or cultural status
involve	v: to include or affect someone or something as a necessary part of something else
elaborate	adj: containing a lot of carefully prepared and organized or many complicated and detailed parts
physiological	adj: relating to the normal functioning of living organisms and their organs and systems; concerning the physical or biochemical processes and activities that occur within the body
stimulate	v: to encourage something to develop or become more active; to stir the feelings or emotions
unconditional	adj: not subject to any conditions; absolute or complete; not limited by any qualifications or restrictions
resilient	adj: able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions
eradicate	v: to get rid of or destroy something completely, especially something bad
overnight	adj: lasting for or occurring during one night; occurring or changing extremely quickly or suddenly; happening or being achieved in a short amount of time
incredible	adj: unbelievable; enormous
shifting	adj: constantly changing or moving