Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (119 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (21 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
representative	n: someone who speaks or acts officially on behalf of another person or group of people
treaty	n: a formal agreement or pact between two or more countries or other international entities
union	n: a group of employees who have banded together to advocate for their rights and better their working conditions; the act or the state of joining together or being joined together
destroy	v: to ruin or damage severely or completely; to eradicate or eliminate completely
emerge	v: to move out of or away from something and become visible
suffer	v: to experience pain, distress, or hardship; to undergo or endure something painful or unpleasant
unbelievable	adj: beyond belief or understanding and extremely surprising
unprecedented	adj: never having been seen, done, or known before
peaceful	adj: not involving violence, conflict, or war
democracy	n: a form of government in which the people have the authority to deliberate and decide legislation, or to choose governing officials to do so
property	n: a thing or things that belong to someone
cartel	n: a group of businesses or organizations that join together to control the production and distribution of a particular product or service, often to limit competition and increase profits
defend	v: to protect someone or something from attack, criticism, danger, etc.
competition	n: a situation in which someone is attempting to beat or outperform another
merit	n: the quality of being particularly good or worthy, especially to deserve praise or reward
compete	v: to strive to achieve more success than someone or something
innovation	n: the creation of a new device or process resulting from study and experimentation
commissioner	n: an official member of a government department or another organization who is responsible for controlling something or performing specific duties
inconvenient	adj: causing trouble or difficulty; not convenient or suitable
temptation	n: the desire to do or have something that you know you should not do or have; the act of influencing by exciting hope or desire
motif	n: a recurring element in an artistic or literary work, typically a particular image or idea; a theme that is repeated or elaborated in a piece of music
eve	n: (also as “Eve”) the day or period of time immediately preceding a particular event; the biblical figure who was the first woman and wife of Adam, according to the Jewish and Christian faiths
greedy	adj: having or showing an intense or insatiable desire for wealth, status, power, or food
reluctant	adj: unwilling or hesitant to do something because of doubts or fears
admire	v: to have regard for or respect for someone’s qualities or the actions they have performed
norm	n: something that is regarded as usual, typical, or standard
voter	n: a person who votes or has a legal right to vote in a political election
overcome	v: to succeed in controlling or dealing with something, such as a problem or difficulty; to defeat or overwhelm someone
misuse	n: the act of using something in an unsuitable way or for the wrong purpose
undermine	v: to make someone or something less powerful, less effective, weaker gradually; to make someone’s fame, confidence, or authority less effective or weaker gradually
foam	n: a mass of small air bubbles formed on the surface of a liquid; a substance that forms a lather when mixed with water
electrical	adj: relating to electricity
bulb	n: a rounded underground storage organ of some plants from which the plant grows; the rounded part of a cylindrical structure; electric lamp consisting of a glass ball
automaker	n: a company or manufacturer that produces automobiles, cars, and other motor vehicles
tempting	adj: likely to attract or persuade someone to do something, especially something that may not be wise or safe
imaginary	adj: existing only in someone’s mind
commission	n: a formal instruction, command, or request given to a person or group; an official group of people entrusted by a government or other official body to control or enforce something
investigate	v: to conduct a systematic or formal inquiry to identify and evaluate the facts of a crime, problem, statement, etc. to establish the truth
justice	n: the quality of being fair and reasonable and treating people equally according to their due
criminal	n: a person who has committed a crime
investigation	n: the act or process of thoroughly examining a crime, problem, statement, etc., to uncover the truth
pursue	v: to do something or attempt to attain something over time; to follow or seek someone or something, especially in trying to catch them
collusion	n: secret or illegal cooperation or conspiracy, especially for a deceitful or fraudulent purpose
government	n: the group of people with authority to control a country or state
subsidy	n: money paid by a government or an organization as part of the cost of something to aid or encourage it to happen
fin	n: a thin flat part on the body of a fish or other aquatic animal used for propulsion or balance
taxpayer	n: a person who pays taxes to the government
firm	adj: resolute or unwavering in decision-making or action; strong or secure in structure, make, or composition; reliable, trustworthy, or dependable; (noun) a business or company
fiat	n: a formal authorization or order, typically given by a government, institution, or other authority figures; a decree or edict
consume	v: to spend something, especially fuel, energy, or time, in a large amount
skip	v: to move along lightly and quickly, making a step from one foot to the other with a hop or bounce; to intentionally fail to do something which would normally do
elect	v: to choose someone for a specific position by voting for them; to decide or choose to do something
divide	v: to separate or cause to separate into parts or groups
competitor	n: a person who participates in a sporting contest; a person or organization that competes with others, particularly in business
obvious	adj: easy to see, discover or understand
cheat	v: to act dishonestly or unfairly to gain an advantage or to deceive someone; to break the rules or laws
ignore	v: to intentionally not listen or pay attention to
grant	v: to agree to give or allow somebody
survey	n: an investigation of the opinions, behavior, etc. of a particular group of people, made by asking people questions
electrify	v: to make a machine or system work by using electricity; to make someone extremely enthusiastic about or interested in something
medicinal	adj: of or relating to the treatment or cure of disease
provider	n: a person or an organization that supplies somebody with something needed or wanted
suppose	v: to think that something is likely to be actual or possible
rub	v: to move one’s hand or an object over the surface of something with pressure
fundamental	adj: forming an essential base or core from which everything else develops or is affected
contest	n: a competition in which people compete for supremacy in a sport or other activity; a struggle between rivals
mention	v: to speak or write about something or someone briefly
crazy	adj: stupid or not sensible; very angry
paradox	n: a statement, situation, or person that has two opposite facts or features and therefore seems impossible, is difficult to understand, or is strange;
modern	adj: of or belonging to the present time or recent times
interact	v: to communicate or react with somebody
degree	n: a unit of measurement for angles, temperature, or level of proficiency or achievement; a rank or level of academic or professional attainment
economy	n: the system by which a country or region produces manages, and distributes goods and services, including the money and finances involved in these activities; (of an airline) the lowest-priced, most basic option for seating in commercial travel
algorithm	n: a set of rules or rigorous instructions typically used to solve a specific problem or to perform a computation
appreciate	v: to value and acknowledge the worth of someone or something; to be grateful for something or someone
autonomous	adj: capable of governing or controlling its affairs
disability	n: a physical or mental condition that makes it difficult for someone to do some things that other people do
independence	n: freedom from another’s or others’ control or influence
rely	v: to require a specific thing or the assistance and support of someone or something to continue, run properly, or succeed.
crunch	n: a loud, crackling noise made by something being crushed or broken; a difficult or critical situation
enormous	adj: extremely large or great
medical	adj: relating to the treatment of illness or injuries; relating to the practice of medicine
quarter	n: one of four equal parts; a fourth part or portion
promote	v: to encourage or persuade people to like, buy, use, do, or support something; to raise someone to a higher position or rank
compliance	n: the act of following rules or regulations, often willingly or voluntarily; the act of conforming to a set of standards or guidelines
flourish	v: to grow or develop vigorously or successfully
develop	v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created
impose	v: to officially force a new law, tax, duty, etc. to be obeyed or received
smartphone	n: a mobile phone that functions as a computer and connects to the Internet
convinced	adj: completely certain about something; having a strong belief or conviction in a particular religion
vital	adj: necessary for the success or continued existence of something
enforce	v: to make sure that people obey a particular law, rule, or situation
impressive	adj: arousing admiration due to size, quality, or skill
definitely	adv: without any question and beyond doubt; clearly
byte	n: a unit of digital information that consists of 8 bits, typically used to represent a single character of text or a small amount of computer code
distinguish	v: to notice or understand the difference between two people or things
barrier	n: a fence or other obstruction that makes it hard to move or get in; any condition that makes it difficult to make progress or to achieve an objective
underestimate	v: to think or suppose that a quantity, price, or size is smaller than it is
currency	n: a system of money in general use in a particular country
asset	n: something or someone that is useful or valuable quality, skill, etc.; valuable property
euro	n: the official currency of most European Union countries
appeal	n: a serious, earnest, or urgent request for money, information, or help; a quality that makes somebody or something attractive or interest
attract	v: to draw or entice someone or something towards them through the qualities they have, especially positive ones
accusation	n: a statement or claim alleging that someone has committed a crime, offense, or wrongdoing; a charge or indictment made against someone
accuse	v: to charge or criticize someone with a crime or wrongdoing
essentially	adv: relating to the essential features or concepts of anything
jealousy	n: a feeling of resentment or bitterness towards someone because they have something that you desire
legislation	n: a law or a set of laws suggested and then passed by a parliament, or the act of making or enacting laws
conquer	v: to bring under control by force or authority
economical	adj: providing a satisfactory return on the money, time, or effort; not using more money, fuel, etc. than necessary
valley	n: a long depression on the surface of the land, which typically contains a river
react	v: to take action in response to something
bias	n: a strong feeling in favor of or against one group of people, an idea, or thing, often not based on fair judgment
enforcement	n: the act of ensuring that rules, regulations, or laws are obeyed or implemented; the act of applying force or pressure to compel compliance with rules or laws
jurisprudence	n: the theory and practice of law; the study and interpretation of legal principles and legal systems
evasion	n: the act of avoiding or escaping from someone or something, such as an opponent, a pursuer, or an unpleasant situation
instance	n: a particular example or single occurrence of something
congratulation	n: the act of expressing that someone has an occasion for celebration or the expression of pleasure at the success or good fortune of another
fascinating	adj: extremely interesting