Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (77 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (13 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
grocery	n: a shop that sells food and other household items
confront	v: to face, meet or deal with a problem or difficult situation or person
strew	v: to scatter or spread things over an area; to scatter something in an untidy way
obvious	adj: easy to see, discover or understand
environment	n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live
cotton	n: a plant that is grown in warm countries and bears bolls containing seeds with soft and long hairs that are made into textile fiber and thread for sewing
tote	v: to carry or transport something, especially by hand or with some effort; to haul or convey something from one place to another
unique	adj: being the only one of its kind; unlike anything else
determinant	n: a factor, circumstance, or condition that contributes to the shaping, influencing, or determining of a particular outcome or result
carbon	n: a chemical element that can be found in pure form as diamond or graphite, and it is also an essential part of coal and oil and is found in all plants and animals
footprint	n: a mark of a foot, shoe, or animal’s foot left on a surface
reuse	v: to use something again or more than once
recycle	v: to sort and collect things to process them and produce valuable materials that can be used again
degrade	v: to make something worse, especially in quality; to show or treat someone in a way that makes them seem no value and do not have the respect or reasonable opinion of others
ultimate	adj: furthest or highest in degree or order
typical	adj: having the usual characteristics or traits of a specific group of things
flimsy	adj: very thin and easily broken or damaged; poorly made and not strong enough for the purpose for which it is used
density	n: the quality of compactness of a substance
polyethylene	n: a synthetic resin or plastic material with a high strength-to-weight ratio used in a variety of applications, including packaging, insulation, and construction; often abbreviated as PE
extract	n: a short passage taken from a book, piece of music, etc.; a substance obtained from something through a specific process; (verb) to obtain from something or to remove something by effort or force
petroleum	n: a flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons that occurs naturally in certain rock formations and can also be refined to produce fuels such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel
extreme	adj: very great in amount or degree
polymer	n: a substance composed of macromolecules (= large groups of atoms) made from many smaller and simpler molecules
resin	n: a sticky, viscous substance typically obtained from trees and plants, particularly conifers and evergreens; a material used in the manufacture of adhesives, plastics, and other products, particularly those that require stiffness or abrasion resistance
transport	n: a system for moving people or products from one location to another using automobiles, roads, and so on
addition	n: the act or process of adding something to something else; the process of adding numbers
ingredient	n: one of the things used to make something, especially one of the foods used to make a particular dish
titanic	adj: of or having a great size, power, or influence; of or relating to Titanium (= a light, strong grey, lustrous, corrosion-resistant metallic element)
oxide	n: a chemical compound that contains at least one oxygen atom and one other element
chalk	n: a soft, white, porous sedimentary rock composed of calcium carbonate, often used for drawing or writing on surfaces such as blackboards
manufacture	v: to make goods in large numbers, usually in a factory using machines
coal	n: a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock that is found below the ground and burnt to produce heat
melt	v: to turn from something solid into something soft or liquid as a result of heating
spin	v: to cause something to rotate rapidly; to cause someone to feel dizzy or disoriented
destination	n: the place to which someone or something is going or being sent; the ultimate purpose or goal of a journey or action
contribute	v: to give something, especially money or goods, to provide or achieve something together with other people
estimate	v: to guess or calculate the cost, size, value, etc. of something
atmosphere	n: the mass of air that surrounds the Earth; the pervading tone or mood of a place, situation, or creative work
alternative	n: one of two or more available possibilities or choice
possess	v: to have or own something or to have as an attribute, knowledge, skill, etc.
pulp	n: a soft and moist mass of fibers or small pieces, typically produced by grinding, crushing, or shredding plant or wood material; a type of paper made from wood or plant pulp; the soft fleshy part of a fruit or vegetable
ecosystem	n: all the plants and living creatures in an area and the way they affect each other and the environment
responsible	adj: answerable or accountable for something within one’s power, control, or management
intensive	adj: involving a lot of work or activity in a short time
process	n: a series of actions or operations performed to achieve a particular outcome or goal; a systematic procedure or approach used to accomplish a specific task or objective; a method of treating milk to make it suitable for consumption or use in other dairy products
emit	v: to give off or send out something such as light, heat, sound, gas, etc.
offset	v: to compensate for or counterbalance one influence against an opposing influence
toll	n: money that you have to pay to use a particular road, bridge, etc.; (verb) to ring slowly
quantify	v: to express or measure something in numerical terms
divide	v: to separate or cause to separate into parts or groups
similarly	adv: in almost the same way
durable	adj: capable of lasting and being used for a long time without being damaged or destroyed
discard	v: to throw something away or get rid of something that you no longer wanted or need
plague	n: any epidemic disease with a high death rate; (also called pest) a serious, sometimes fatal, infection spread by rats that causes fever and swellings on the body
widespread	adj: existing or happening in various places or among many people
avail	v: to help or benefit; to use or take advantage of
fortunate	adj: having good luck or lucky
universal	adj: existing or affecting everywhere or everyone
infrastructure	n: the basic systems, services, or features that are necessary for an organization or country, such as transport and power supplies
efficiently	adv: in a way that produces maximum output with minimum effort or expense
breakdown	n: a failure or collapse of a system or organization
landfill	n: a site for the disposal of waste materials
calculate	v: to judge or find out the amount or number of something by using mathematics
resistant	adj: not affected by something, especially changes or new ideas; of or relating to immunity to disease or infection
soluble	adj: able to dissolve in a particular substance or solvent; able to be solved or settled
stick	v: to put something, usually a sharp object, into something; to restrict yourself to doing or using one certain thing and not change; (noun) a thin piece of wood or other material
partial	adj: not complete; fragmentary; favoring somebody or something very much
circulate	v: to move continuously or freely around a place or closed system
substantially	adv: to a great extent or degree
feat	n: a notable or impressive achievement, especially one that requires great skill or bravery
discuss	v: to talk about or examine in detail through conversation or debate; to exchange ideas, opinions, or information on a particular topic
sturdy	adj: physically strong and not easily damaged
consist	v: to be composed or made up of
polyester	n: a synthetic fabric consisting of polymers typically derived from petroleum, characterized by its durability, wrinkle resistance, and easy-care properties
vinyl	n: a synthetic resin or plastic material that can be molded into various shapes and forms, particularly used in construction, furniture, and record production
lifetime	n: the duration of someone’s life or something’s existence;
planet	n: any of the nine large celestial bodies that circle in the solar system; any celestial body that revolves around a star