Important (Read me first!)
This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.
We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.
Reference Source
You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?
All Words (99 Words)
You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.
Quick Look
Podcast
YouTube Post
Vocabulary Builder
Advanced Words (33 Words)
If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.
YouTube Post
Vocabulary Builder
Word List
You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.
Word | Meaning | Advanced |
---|---|---|
joint | adj: shared, held, or made between two or more people; (noun) the point of connection between two bones or elements of a skeleton | |
meniscus | n: a thin, curved layer of liquid, especially the concave surface of a liquid in a container; a cartilage disc within a joint, especially a knee | |
cartilage | n: a tough, elastic connective tissue that is found in various parts of the body, such as the joints, the outer ear, and the tip of the nose | |
ligament | n: a band of tissue that connects bones or holds organs in place to support and stabilize the body | |
develop | v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created | |
arthritis | n: inflammation of one or more joints of the body, which include pain and stiffness | |
motto | n: a phrase or slogan that expresses a guiding principle or goal | |
orthopedic | adj: relating to the branch of medicine concerned with the correction or prevention of deformities, disorders, or injuries of the skeletal system and associated muscles, joints, and ligaments | |
surgeon | n: a doctor who is trained to perform medical operations that involve cutting open a person’s body | |
mood | n: the way you feel at a particular time; an angry or impatient state of mind | |
narrator | n: a person who tells a story, especially in a book or film | |
cancer | n: abnormal growth of cells that can invade and destroy surrounding tissues and organs; a disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells | |
disease | n: a disorder or illness that affects the body or mind, often characterized by specific symptoms or abnormal functioning of organs or systems | |
destine | v: to determine or set the course of something in advance, often in a way that seems predetermined or inevitable; to specify or choose someone or something for a particular fate or outcome | |
numb | adj: unable to feel physical sensation and movement; not showing human feeling or sensitivity | |
ruin | v: to damage, spoil, or demolish something; (noun) an unrecoverable state of devastation and destruction, | |
assume | v: to think or accept something to be true without having proof of it; to take or begin to have power; to begin to exhibit a specific quality or appearance | |
injury | n: harm done to a person’s or an animal’s body caused by an accident or an attack | |
literally | adv: in the real or original meaning of a word or phrase; in a literal sense or way; not figuratively | |
grind | v: to reduce something to small particles or powder by crushing or rubbing it; to work hard over a long period of time | |
halt | v: to bring or come to a stop; to force to stop moving or operating | |
desperate | adj: feeling or showing a lack of hope and a willingness to do anything because of the problematic situation | |
engineer | n: a person whose job is designing, building, or maintaining something such as machines, structures, or software | |
artificial | adj: not natural and made by human beings; not real but produced to resemble something | |
component | n: one of several parts that combines with others to form something bigger | |
replace | v: to take the place of something | |
worn-out | adj: exhausted or fatigued from overuse or prolonged activity; no longer effective or functional due to excessive wear or use | |
midst | n: the middle part of people or things | |
modern | adj: of or belonging to the present time or recent times | |
buzz | v: to make a continuous, low humming sound such as the one bee makes; an exciting and active atmosphere | |
promenade | n: a stroll or walk, often taken in a public place or park; a public place for walking or strolling, often filled with shops or vendors; a dance movement in which the partners move around the floor in a circle or similar pattern | |
bionic | adj: relating to or using technology or devices that enhance or replace biological functions, typically in a way that mimics or improves upon the original | |
alternative | n: one of two or more available possibilities or choice | |
replacement | n: the act of replacing something with something else, especially that is newer or better; a person or thing that takes or can take the place of another | |
stem | n: the central part of something from which other parts can develop or grow; the part of a word common to all its inflected variants; (verb) to grow out of, have roots in, or originate in | |
biology | n: the scientific study of life and the natural processes of living things | |
patient | n: a person who is receiving medical treatment, care, or attention from a healthcare professional, such as a doctor, nurse, or therapist; a personal quality or characteristic | |
shock | n: a strong feeling or physical reaction to a sudden and unexpected event or experience, especially something unpleasant | |
absorb | v: to take in a fluid or other substance gradually | |
allograft | n: a surgical tissue graft that involves transplanting tissue from one individual to another, typically from a donor to a recipient who is not genetically identical | |
donor | n: a person or an organization that makes a gift of money, food, supplies, etc. to a cause or fund; in medicine, a person who gives blood or tissue or an organ to be used in another person | |
unstable | adj: lacking solidity, persistence, or firmness and therefore not strong, safe, or likely to continue; lacking control of one’s emotions | |
stabilize | v: to become or cause to become steady or unlikely to give way | |
dam | n: a wall constructed over a river to block the flow of water, mainly used to generate energy | |
pasty | n: a type of baked pastry that typically consists of a filling of meat, vegetables, or other ingredients, enclosed in a pastry shell; (adjective) pale, lacking in color, or dull | |
graft | n: a transplanted portion of tissue or skin, often taken from one part of the body and used to repair or replace damaged or missing tissue in another part; a corrupt or illegal means of acquiring wealth or power through illicit or unethical methods | |
regrow | v: to grow back or regenerate after being cut or removed, such as cells or tissues in the body, or plants and vegetation | |
articular | adj: relating to a joint or joints, often used in medical or anatomical contexts to describe structures or movements associated with joints | |
hike | n: a long walk or journey, especially for pleasure or exercise; an increase in cost | |
aspen | n: a deciduous tree with smooth, white bark that often trembles or quakes in the wind; a type of skiing that involves quick, short turns on steep slopes | |
destroy | v: to ruin or damage severely or completely; to eradicate or eliminate completely | |
cycle | n: an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs; a bicycle or motorcycle | |
motorcycle | n: a two-wheeled vehicle that is driven by an engine and has no pedals | |
Don | n: a Spanish gentleman; a university lecturer, especially a senior member of a college at Oxford or Cambridge | |
tissue | n: an ensemble of similar cells of the animal or plant that together carry out a specific function | |
plentiful | adj: existing or available in a large quantity or abundance; ample or abundant in supply or availability | |
barrier | n: a fence or other obstruction that makes it hard to move or get in; any condition that makes it difficult to make progress or to achieve an objective | |
immunology | n: the branch of medical science that deals with the immune system of the body and its functions, including the body’s response to foreign substances such as viruses and bacteria; it also involves the study of immunodeficiencies, autoimmune diseases, and immunotherapies | |
specific | adj: clearly defined or particular to a certain thing or situation; distinct, explicit, and precise | |
epitope | n: a specific site or portion of an antigen molecule that is recognized and bound by an antibody or immune receptor | |
galactose | n: a simple sugar that is found in milk and dairy products and is an important component of lactose, also used in the production of certain types of biodegradable plastics | |
transplant | v: to move or transfer something from one place or person to another; to take living tissue or an organ from one person, animal, part of the body, etc. and put it into or onto another | |
rid | v: to make someone or something free of unwanted or unpleasant tasks, objects, or person | |
cow | n: a domesticated mammal with characteristic features such as a hump, large udders, and curved horns that is raised for its milk or meat | |
tendon | n: a strong, fibrous cord of tissue that connects muscle to bone | |
collagen | n: a fibrous protein that forms the connective tissues in animals, including skin, tendons, and bone; often used in cosmetic and medical treatments for its ability to add firmness and elasticity to skin or other tissues | |
strip | v: to remove the surface from something; (noun) a sizeable narrow piece of something such as paper, metal, cloth, etc., or area of land, sea, etc. | |
antigen | n: a substance that triggers the body’s immune response (= the reaction for fighting infections) for defending the body, especially by producing antibodies (= proteins that identify and attack harmful bacteria, viruses, etc.) | |
degrade | v: to make something worse, especially in quality; to show or treat someone in a way that makes them seem no value and do not have the respect or reasonable opinion of others | |
acid | n: sour; water-soluble chemicals with a sour flavor; any of a variety of generally liquid compounds capable of reacting with and occasionally dissolving other materials | |
detergent | n: a substance used for washing or cleaning, especially one that can remove dirt or stains effectively | |
regeneration | n: the process of regrowing or re-forming a body part or tissue that has been lost or damaged due to injury, disease, or other factors; restoration or renewal of vitality, strength, or spirit | |
template | n: a pre-designed file or document used as a starting point for a particular application so that the format does not have to be created from scratch | |
insert | v: to put something inside something else | |
procedure | n: a way of doing something, especially the official or well-known way | |
intact | adj: undamaged and complete | |
blend | v: to mix or combine two or more substances | |
enzyme | n: a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction | |
technique | n: a particular way or art of doing something that needs skill | |
humanize | v: to make something or someone more humane or compassionate; to make something more relatable or understandable to humans | |
mast | n: a long pole aboard a boat or ship that holds up the sails | |
downhill | adv: in a direction that is downward or from a higher to a lower point; in a progressively worse or deteriorating manner | |
championship | n: a contest to decide who is the best player or team in a particular sport; the act of providing approval and support | |
clinical | adj: of or relating to the examination and treatment of patients rather than theoretical or laboratory studies | |
pending | adj: awaiting a decision or resolution; yet to be resolved | |
revolutionize | v: to bring about a complete or radical change in something, often through the introduction of new methods or ideas | |
tack | n: a method of changing the course of a sailing vessel by turning the bow through the wind so that the wind switches from one side of the vessel to the other; a course of action or strategy, particularly in politics or business; (verb) to fasten or attach something, such as pinning or nailing an object in place | |
heal | v: to make a wound or injury to become well again | |
rebuild | v: to build again or anew | |
resurface | v: to restore or repair the surface of something, particularly a road, pavement, or sports field; to come to the surface or become visible again after a period of obscurity or concealment | |
advantage | n: a condition or circumstance that puts one in a favorable or superior position; a beneficial feature or asset that someone or something has | |
kingdom | n: the country ruled by a king or queen | |
ambulate | v: to walk or move about, often used in medical contexts to refer to a patient’s ability to move around, especially after surgery or when recovering from an injury | |
harness | v: to control and exploit the power of something, especially natural resources that produce energy; (noun) a set of narrow pieces of leather and metal that are used to control or hold in place a person, animal, or object | |
economical | adj: providing a satisfactory return on the money, time, or effort; not using more money, fuel, etc. than necessary | |
hardware | n: durable tools, machinery, and other equipment; the physical and electronic parts of a computer or other electronic systems | |
software | n: a set of computer programs and associated documentation and data for doing particular computational jobs | |
ware | n: goods or merchandise that are offered for sale, typically referring to items that are produced in large quantities, such as kitchenware, software, and hardware | |
operate | v: to work in a particular way; to supervise something |