Important (Read me first!)
This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.
We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.
Reference Source
You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?
All Words (109 Words)
You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.
Quick Look
Podcast
YouTube Post
Vocabulary Builder
Advanced Words (18 Words)
If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.
YouTube Post
Vocabulary Builder
Word List
You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.
Word | Meaning | Advanced |
---|---|---|
medicinal | adj: of or relating to the treatment or cure of disease | |
reliable | adj: worthy of being relied on; trustworthy | |
critic | n: someone who expresses opinions about the quality of books, music, etc. | |
sustainable | adj: able to continue or be continued for a long time | |
sub-Saharan | adj: of or relating to or situated in the area south of the Sahara Desert | |
instance | n: a particular example or single occurrence of something | |
usable | adj: able to be used; fit or ready for use or service | |
invest | v: to put money, effort, time, etc. into something to make a profit or achieve a result | |
estimate | v: to guess or calculate the cost, size, value, etc. of something | |
maintain | v: to continue to uphold or sustain; to keep in a particular state or condition; to assert or declare something to be true | |
infrastructure | n: the basic systems, services, or features that are necessary for an organization or country, such as transport and power supplies | |
ecology | n: the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment | |
footprint | n: a mark of a foot, shoe, or animal’s foot left on a surface | |
congest | v: to make something blocked or crowded so as to hinder or prevent freedom of movement or flow of liquid | |
advance | v: to go or move forward; to develop in a positive way | |
leapfrog | n: a children’s game in which players take turns jumping over each other’s stooped backs | |
nation | n: a large organized community of people living in a particular country or region and having a particular culture | |
telecom | n: (a shortened form of telecommunications) the communication of information over long distances through various means such as phones, television, radio, and the internet | |
transport | n: a system for moving people or products from one location to another using automobiles, roads, and so on | |
scenario | n: a description of possible actions or events in the future; a written outline of a play, film, or literary work | |
maternal | adj: relating to or characteristic of a mother; having feelings that are typical of a caring mother towards her child | |
ward | n: a room in a hospital for patients requiring special care | |
urgent | adj: requiring immediate attention or action; pressing | |
medication | n: a drug or other form of medicine that treats, prevents, or alleviates the symptoms of the disease | |
immediately | adv: now or without delay | |
autonomous | adj: capable of governing or controlling its affairs | |
payload | n: the amount of cargo or goods that a vehicle or equipment is designed to carry or transport; in computing, the amount of data that can be transmitted over a communication system | |
distance | n: the amount of space between two points, measured in units such as miles, meters, or kilometers; the extent, scope, or range between two things, such as distance or emotional distance | |
continent | n: one of the earth’s large landmasses; (adjective) abstaining from your feelings, especially your desire to have sex | |
flexible | adj: able to change or be changed to suit new conditions or situations; able to bend easily | |
automated | adj: carried out by machines or computers to replace or decrease human labor | |
swap | v: to give something and receive something in trade | |
battery | n: a device that is placed inside a car, gadget, equipment, etc. and that provides electrical power to them | |
eventually | adv: finally, particularly after a long time or a lot of struggle, complications, and so on | |
quad | n: (short for quadrangle) a square or rectangular open area or courtyard, often surrounded by buildings or used for recreational or social purposes | |
trespass | v: to enter someone’s private property without permission or legal authority; to infringe upon or violate someone’s rights, boundaries, or personal space | |
develop | v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created | |
stick | v: to put something, usually a sharp object, into something; to restrict yourself to doing or using one certain thing and not change; (noun) a thin piece of wood or other material | |
traffic | n: the movement of vehicles, people, or goods along a route or through a transport system; the amount of such movement in a particular place or at a particular time | |
navigate | v: to plan and direct the way that a ship, plane, etc. will travel, often by using a map | |
equip | v: to provide a person or a place with the things that are needed for a particular purpose or activity | |
automatic | adj: able to work or operate with little or no direct human control; independent of external control | |
exchange | v: to give something and receive something else in return, often with the implication that the items being traded are of equal or comparable value; (noun) the act of giving or taking something in return for something else; a place or system where goods or services can be bought, sold, or traded | |
mechanism | n: a part of a machine, or a set of parts that performs a task; a natural or established process that occurs during a specific situation or reaction | |
dock | n: a structure or platform that extends from the shoreline into a body of water, used for loading and unloading ships or boats; an enclosed area of water used as a basin for shipping or pleasure boats; a place where a ship can be repaired or maintained | |
automatically | adv: without needing a direct human control | |
locate | v: to specify or determine the exact position of someone or something | |
vulnerable | adj: capable of being hurt or influenced physically or mentally | |
reliability | n: the quality of being able to be trusted or believed in doing what someone desires or requires | |
perspective | n: a confident attitude toward something; a particular style of thinking about something | |
fulfill | v: to meet the requirements or expectations; to achieve or realize | |
requirement | n: something that is needed or wanted | |
commerce | n: the activity of buying and selling things, especially on a large scale | |
hub | n: the central or main part of a particular place, activity, network, etc.; the central part of a car wheel, fan, propeller, etc., through which the shaft or axle passes | |
component | n: one of several parts that combines with others to form something bigger | |
monitor | v: to observe, check, and track the progress or quality of something over a period of time | |
optimize | v: to make the best or most effective use of something | |
adverse | adj: unfavorable or harmful | |
flee | v: to leave by running away, especially out of fear or danger | |
medical | adj: relating to the treatment of illness or injuries; relating to the practice of medicine | |
delivery | n: the act of taking or sending something to a destination; the bringing of a baby during childbirth | |
earthquake | n: a sudden and violent shaking of the ground caused by the movement of rock beneath the earth’s surface | |
climate | n: the weather in a particular location averaged over some long period | |
sturdy | adj: physically strong and not easily damaged | |
sandy | adj: covered with or containing sand; (especially of hair color) pale yellowish to yellowish brown | |
counterintuitive | adj: contrary to what common sense would suggest | |
expend | v: to use or spend time, money, energy, etc. | |
clinic | n: a building or hospital department where people can go for medical care or advice, especially of a particular condition | |
analyze | v: to think about in-depth and evaluate to discover essential features or meaning | |
span | n: the entire length of something, such as time or space from beginning to end; the amount of space that something covers | |
roughly | adv: approximately but not precisely; with a violent manner | |
norm | n: something that is regarded as usual, typical, or standard | |
paradigm | n: a standard or typical example of something; a pattern or model | |
decentralize | v: to move the power, control, or authority of an organization, government, or system from a single place to several smaller ones | |
peer | n: a person who has the same age, status, or ability | |
bidirectional | adj: capable of functioning or moving in two opposite directions; involving or allowing communication or transmission in two opposite directions | |
adaptable | adj: able or willing to modify or be modified to deal with new situations | |
spectrum | n: an ordered array of colors into which a light beam can be split | |
megacity | n: a huge city, especially with a population of more than 10 million people | |
amazing | adj: extremely surprising, especially in a way that you like or admire | |
urbanization | n: the process of population growth and physical expansion of cities, often involving increased migration from rural areas and the development of urban infrastructure and culture | |
trend | n: a general direction in which something is changing or developing | |
inefficient | adj: lacking the ability or skill and not making the best use of time, money, energy, etc. | |
initially | adv: at the beginning; at first | |
lightweight | adj: composed of thinner and lighter material than average; not severe or impressive | |
modern | adj: of or belonging to the present time or recent times | |
ultimate | adj: furthest or highest in degree or order | |
scalable | adj: capable of being easily expanded or increased in size, number, or scale to meet changing demands | |
background | n: the details of a person’s social heritage, such as family, vocational or educational experience; past information that is essential to understanding a situation or problem | |
crazy | adj: stupid or not sensible; very angry | |
engage | v: to attract and keep someone’s attention and interest; to participate in or obtain services of something | |
drone | n: a low continuous humming noise; someone who takes more time than necessary; a pilot-less aerial vehicle that is operated by remote control | |
unpopular | adj: not liked, supported, or approved by many people; having an unfavorable reputation | |
unpleasant | adj: not enjoyable or comfortable | |
conflict | n: a strong disagreement, argument, or a violent clash between two opposing groups or individuals | |
vaccine | n: a substance that is put into the body and protects them from disease by causing them to produce antibodies (= proteins that attack harmful bacteria, viruses, etc.) | |
unfair | adj: not giving equal treatment or opportunities to people involved; marked by injustice, partiality, or deception | |
advantage | n: a condition or circumstance that puts one in a favorable or superior position; a beneficial feature or asset that someone or something has | |
tuberculosis | n: an infectious disease usually caused by tubercle bacteria that can attack many parts of a person’s body, especially their lungs | |
epidemic | n: the widespread outbreak of a particular disease in a large number of people at the same time | |
platform | n: the raised flat space close to the track at a train station where passengers get on or off the train; (technology) a computational or digital environment in which a piece of software is executed | |
economy | n: the system by which a country or region produces manages, and distributes goods and services, including the money and finances involved in these activities; (of an airline) the lowest-priced, most basic option for seating in commercial travel | |
transaction | n: an instance of buying or selling something; the act or process of doing something | |
lift | v: to raise something to a higher position or level; to pick up something or somebody and move them to a different position | |
poverty | n: the condition of being extremely poor | |
emerging | adj: starting to exist, mature, or become well-known | |
livable | adj: capable of being lived in comfortably and sustainably; suitable for human habitation | |
fiction | n: the type of book or story, especially novels, that describes imaginary events and people; anything made up or imagined that is not true | |
firm | adj: resolute or unwavering in decision-making or action; strong or secure in structure, make, or composition; reliable, trustworthy, or dependable; (noun) a business or company |