Important (Read me first!)
This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.
We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.
Reference Source
You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?
All Words (179 Words)
You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.
Quick Look
Podcast
YouTube Post
Vocabulary Builder
Advanced Words (46 Words)
If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.
YouTube Post
Vocabulary Builder
Word List
You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.
Word | Meaning | Advanced |
---|---|---|
firefighter | n: a person whose job is to extinguish fires | |
elect | v: to choose someone for a specific position by voting for them; to decide or choose to do something | |
polish | n: a substance used to smooth or shine a surface; the act of smoothing or shining a surface | |
brass | n: a metal alloy of copper and zinc; a yellowish color; a group of wind instruments made of brass | |
railing | n: a horizontal barrier or fence supported by posts or columns, often used for safety or decorative purposes, particularly on balconies, staircases, or along the edge of a building or platform | |
hose | n: a flexible tube or pipe used to convey fluids, typically water or air; to spray someone or something with water or another liquid in a forceful manner | |
nozzle | n: a tube or spout through which a liquid or gas is discharged, particularly one attached to a hose, pump, or spray gun | |
giant | adj: enormous; much bigger or more important than similar items usually are | |
topple | v: to cause to lose balance and fall over, especially by pushing | |
spike | n: a narrow, thin, pointed piece of metal, wood, etc.; a sudden large increase in the magnitude or concentration of something | |
cab | n: a taxi or other vehicle that can be hired for transportation; the compartment from which a vehicle, such as a train or truck, is driven | |
nurse | n: a healthcare professional who is trained to provide care for the sick or injured; (verb) to try to cure by special care or treatment of an illness or injury | |
recognize | v: to acknowledge or realize something or someone; to identify, remember, or become aware of something that was previously known or encountered | |
infection | n: a condition in which pathogenic microorganisms or viruses have entered the body | |
poisonous | adj: containing or producing toxic substances; harmful or dangerous to living beings, often causing illness, injury, or death; capable of causing serious harm or destruction | |
penicillin | n: an antibiotic drug derived from mold and used to treat bacterial infections | |
antibiotic | n: a substance or drug that kills or slows down the growth of bacteria | |
recover | v: to return to a former condition, health, mind, or strength | |
chill | n: a feeling of coldness that makes one shiver; (verb) to make cool or cooler | |
dehydrated | adj: to remove the water or moisture from something by a natural or artificial process | |
delirious | adj: experiencing a state of mental confusion or excitement characterized by a lack of coherence, often due to a high fever, drugs, or alcohol; wildly irrational or disoriented | |
sink | v: to submerge or go down below the surface of a liquid or substance; to decline or deteriorate; to cause something to go down into a liquid substance or sink into something else | |
desperate | adj: feeling or showing a lack of hope and a willingness to do anything because of the problematic situation | |
transfusion | n: the transfer of blood or blood products from one person or animal to another, often to replace blood lost due to injury or surgery | |
dilute | v: to make a substance less concentrated by adding a liquid or another substance to it | |
surging | adj: moving suddenly and powerfully, typically with a forward or upward motion; increasing rapidly or dramatically in quantity or intensity | |
cancer | n: abnormal growth of cells that can invade and destroy surrounding tissues and organs; a disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells | |
disease | n: a disorder or illness that affects the body or mind, often characterized by specific symptoms or abnormal functioning of organs or systems | |
afflict | v: to cause pain, suffering, or distress to someone or something | |
develop | v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created | |
injury | n: harm done to a person’s or an animal’s body caused by an accident or an attack | |
gore | v: to pierce with a sharp object, causing injury or death; (noun) coagulated blood from a wound | |
ox | n: a large domesticated mammal, commonly used for draft purposes, with two broad horns and a heavyset body | |
battlefield | n: a place where a battle or conflict is fought | |
crush | v: to press it firmly, usually with your hands or a tool, so that it becomes flat or smaller | |
industrial | adj: of or relating to or resulting from industry | |
revolution | n: a large-scale attempt to overthrow the government of a country, often using violence or war; | |
suddenly | adv: quickly and unexpectedly | |
miracle | n: an act or occurrence that is not explicable by natural or scientific laws and is therefore believed to be caused by God | |
epoch | n: a particular period of time, usually marked by significant events or developments; a division of geologic time | |
threshold | n: the floor or ground that forms the bottom of a doorway and offers support when passing through a doorway; the smallest detectable sensation | |
phenomenon | n: something that exists and can be perceptible, especially one that is not fully understood | |
resistance | n: the act of defending oneself from an aggressor or refusing to accept something | |
bacteria | n: single-celled or noncellular spherical or spiral or rod-shaped organisms that exist in large numbers in the air, water, and soil, and also in living and dead creatures and plants, and are often a cause of disease | |
compete | v: to strive to achieve more success than someone or something | |
manufacture | v: to make goods in large numbers, usually in a factory using machines | |
lethal | adj: causing or capable of causing death; extremely dangerous | |
compound | n: an item composed of two or more distinct elements combined; a chemical formed by the combination of two or more elements | |
evolve | v: to develop gradually, or to cause the development of something or someone gradually | |
defend | v: to protect someone or something from attack, criticism, danger, etc. | |
chemical | adj: relating to or connected with chemistry; | |
lab | n: a workplace for the conduct of scientific research; a laboratory | |
distribute | v: to give something to a large number of individuals, or to spread or furnish something | |
widespread | adj: existing or happening in various places or among many people | |
vancomycin | n: a powerful antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections that are resistant to other treatments | |
leapfrog | n: a children’s game in which players take turns jumping over each other’s stooped backs | |
pharmaceutical | adj: relating to the production and selling of the medical drugs | |
decide | v: to make up someone’s mind about something; to come to a conclusion or judgment after considering options | |
prevention | n: the action, process, or strategy of stopping something undesirable or harmful from happening; the act of preventing, interfering, or hindering unwanted events or outcomes | |
identify | v: to recognize someone or something and say or prove who or what they are | |
resistant | adj: not affected by something, especially changes or new ideas; of or relating to immunity to disease or infection | |
diagnose | v: to determine or distinguish the nature of a problem or an illness through a careful analysis | |
statistics | n: the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data | |
extraordinary | adj: exceptional, unexpected, very unusual; surpassing the ordinary or usual | |
charter | n: a document that grants certain rights or privileges; a contract to hire or lease transportation | |
government | n: the group of people with authority to control a country or state | |
antimicrobial | adj: having the ability to prevent or combat the growth of microorganisms, particularly bacteria and fungi | |
estimate | v: to guess or calculate the cost, size, value, etc. of something | |
toll | n: money that you have to pay to use a particular road, bridge, etc.; (verb) to ring slowly | |
patient | n: a person who is receiving medical treatment, care, or attention from a healthcare professional, such as a doctor, nurse, or therapist; a personal quality or characteristic | |
intensive | adj: involving a lot of work or activity in a short time | |
resident | n: a person who lives in a particular place or has their home in a place | |
modern | adj: of or belonging to the present time or recent times | |
immune | adj: protected against a particular disease or toxin due to the presence of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells | |
transplant | v: to move or transfer something from one place or person to another; to take living tissue or an organ from one person, animal, part of the body, etc. and put it into or onto another | |
recipient | n: a person who receives something | |
premature | adj: occurring or done too early; happening before the appropriate time; born before the end of a full-term pregnancy | |
install | v: to fix furniture, a machine, or a piece of equipment into position so that it can be used; put into an office or a position | |
stent | n: a small tube or wire mesh device that is used to keep an artery or other body opening open after surgery or other medical procedures | |
stroke | n: a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain causes cell death; the act of swinging or striking at a ball with a club, racket, etc. | |
pump | v: to cause water, air, gas, etc. to move from one place to another by using mechanical equipment; to get or supply something such as money, information, etc. in significant quantities | |
diabetes | n: a medical condition in which the body cannot produce enough insulin to control the glucose levels in the blood | |
dialysis | n: a medical treatment that removes waste and excess fluids from the blood of a patient with kidney failure | |
joint | adj: shared, held, or made between two or more people; (noun) the point of connection between two bones or elements of a skeleton | |
replacement | n: the act of replacing something with something else, especially that is newer or better; a person or thing that takes or can take the place of another | |
athletics | n: the physical activities or sports that involve physical exertion and competition, such as running, jumping, throwing, or walking | |
boom | n: a sudden increase in economic activity, or a sudden happening that brings good fortune; a deep, loud, and prolonged sound | |
surgery | n: medical treatment of injuries or diseases involving an incision with instruments and often removing or replacing some parts of the body; the branch of medical science that treats disease or injury by operative procedures | |
precede | v: to happen or go before something or someone in time or space | |
prophylactic | adj: capable of preventing disease or intended to prevent disease | |
prostate | n: a small gland located near the bladder (= an organ located in the lower abdomen) in males that produces fluid that becomes part of semen | |
biopsy | n: the process of removing and examining tissue from the body of the sick person to determine the existence or cause of a disease | |
sect | n: a group of people who follow a particular religious or philosophical belief system, especially one that is regarded as outside the norm or mainstream | |
strep | n: (informal shorthand for “streptococcus”) a type of bacteria that can cause a range of infections, including strep throat and scarlet fever | |
amputation | n: the act of cutting off a part of the body surgically | |
pneumonia | n: an infection or inflammation of the lungs, typically caused by bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms | |
confident | adj: feeling sure about your abilities or qualities or having trust in people, plans, or the future | |
motorcycle | n: a two-wheeled vehicle that is driven by an engine and has no pedals | |
bomb | n: a weapon that explodes and is used to kill or injure people or to cause damage to something | |
slope | n: a surface with one end or side that is higher than the other | |
slide | v: to move or cause to move smoothly along a surface without interruption | |
ravage | v: to cause damage to something badly | |
scalp | n: the skin that covers the top of a person’s head, together with the hair growing on it; also, the part of the body that is most vulnerable to an attack | |
ooze | v: to flow or seep out slowly, often in a thick, viscous manner; to exude or emit slowly and steadily | |
infect | v: to affect a person, an animal, or a plant with a disease-causing organism | |
scratch | v: to cut or damage the surface of something or the skin with a sharp or pointed object | |
thorn | n: a sharp, pointed projection or spine on a plant or animal; something that causes discomfort or irritation, especially in a difficult or unpleasant situation | |
mention | v: to speak or write about something or someone briefly | |
predict | v: to state beforehand that something will happen in the future, mainly based on knowledge or experience | |
terrifying | adj: very frightening or intimidating | |
inevitable | adj: certain to happen and unavoidable | |
biology | n: the scientific study of life and the natural processes of living things | |
process | n: a series of actions or operations performed to achieve a particular outcome or goal; a systematic procedure or approach used to accomplish a specific task or objective; a method of treating milk to make it suitable for consumption or use in other dairy products | |
responsible | adj: answerable or accountable for something within one’s power, control, or management | |
accelerate | v: to make something faster or earlier; to cause to develop or progress more quickly | |
squander | v: to spend or use something wastefully; to waste by spending or using too freely | |
heedless | adj: showing a lack of attention, care, or concern; negligent or reckless; characterized by a disregard for potential dangers or consequences | |
shocking | adj: extremely or surprisingly bad, or causing a strong emotional response such as surprise or disgust | |
unnecessary | adj: not needed or required; not essential or important | |
prescription | n: a written or spoken instruction that directs a medical practitioner to prescribe a specific treatment or medication for a patient | |
healthcare | n: the organized activity or business of preserving mental and physical health by preventing or treating illness through services offered by the health profession | |
planet | n: any of the nine large celestial bodies that circle in the solar system; any celestial body that revolves around a star | |
aquaculture | n: the cultivation of aquatic organisms such as fish, seaweed, and shellfish for human consumption, as well as for environmental conservation and research purposes | |
rely | v: to require a specific thing or the assistance and support of someone or something to continue, run properly, or succeed. | |
citrus | n: a group of fruits that belong to the citrus family, including oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruits; the trees that bear these fruits | |
encourage | v: to give someone support, confidence, or hope; to persuade someone to do or continue to do something by making it easier for them and making them believe it is a good thing to do | |
predictable | adj: capable of being known, seen or declared in advance | |
discovery | n: the act or process of finding information, a place, or an object, or learning about something that was previously not known | |
recognition | n: the action or process of recognizing or being recognized, especially by remembering; an agreement that something is true or legal | |
thoughtless | adj: lacking consideration for others; inconsiderate; not reflecting on one’s actions or words; showing a lack of thought or intelligence | |
moral | adj: concerned with the principles of what is right and wrong, fairness, honesty, etc. | |
succumb | v: to fail to oppose something, such as desire, pressure, or some other opposing force; to die or suffer badly from the effect of a disease or injury | |
evil | adj: profoundly immoral, cruel, and wicked; having or exerting a harmful effect on people | |
avert | v: to prevent something dangerous or undesirable from happening | |
novel | n: an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story; (adjective) original and of a kind not seen before | |
superbug | n: a strain of bacteria that is resistant to multiple types of antibiotics, making it difficult or impossible to treat with traditional medications | |
incentive | n: something, such as a punishment, reward, etc., that encourages a person to do something | |
grant | v: to agree to give or allow somebody | |
extended | adj: longer than usual or anticipated | |
patent | n: a legal document that grants an inventor exclusive rights to their invention for a certain period of time; the invention or process for which a patent has been granted | |
lure | v: to tempt or persuade someone to do something | |
evolution | n: a gradual process of transformation of living things | |
chemistry | n: the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions | |
crack | v: to break or cause to break without dividing into separate parts; (noun) a line on the surface of something along which it has separated without breaking | |
construct | v: to build or create something; to assemble or combine different parts to form something whole | |
defeat | v: to win against somebody in a fight, war, or attempt | |
asymmetric | adj: lacking symmetry or balance; not corresponding in size, shape, or degree; characterized by an uneven or unequal distribution or arrangement | |
warfare | n: the use of military force to achieve political, economic, or social objectives | |
outcome | n: the result or effect of an action, event, etc. | |
harvest | n: yields of plants in a single growing season; the period of the year when gathering occurs on a farm | |
automatically | adv: without needing a direct human control | |
specifically | adv: only associated with or meant for one thing | |
gatekeeper | n: a person, organization, or system that controls or monitors access to something, often a website, database, or institution; a person or group that controls or regulates access to information, especially for a particular perspective or interest | |
agriculture | n: the practice or science of cultivating the land or raising stock | |
surveillance | n: the act of carefully monitoring a person suspected of a crime or a place where a crime may be committed or expected | |
emerging | adj: starting to exist, mature, or become well-known | |
technological | adj: based on scientific and industrial progress | |
toss | v: to throw something carelessly with a light motion | |
trash | n: discarded material, refuse, or waste | |
environment | n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live | |
devastating | adj: causing a great deal of destruction or damage | |
accident | n: an unfortunate event, especially one causing damage or injury | |
expose | v: to show something by uncovering it; to make something accessible to some action or influence | |
possibility | n: a chance that something may happen or be true | |
destructive | adj: causing or able to cause tremendous and irreparable damage | |
norm | n: something that is regarded as usual, typical, or standard | |
overwhelming | adj: very great or intense; so powerful that you cannot fight or react against it | |
fluorescent | adj: emitting or reflecting vibrant and vivid light, especially under ultraviolet light; describing a type of lamp or bulb that produces such light | |
bulb | n: a rounded underground storage organ of some plants from which the plant grows; the rounded part of a cylindrical structure; electric lamp consisting of a glass ball | |
climate | n: the weather in a particular location averaged over some long period | |
label | n: a small piece of paper, fabric, or other material attached to an object and giving information about it; (verb) to assign to a category | |
cracker | n: a crisp, dry baked food usually made from flour and served as a snack or with soup or cheese; a person who breaks into computer systems or networks without authorization, commonly known as a hacker; a small firework that is designed to make a loud noise when ignited | |
deforest | v: to clear an area of forest or trees | |
palm | n: the inner surface of the hand from the wrist to the base of the fingers; any plant of the family Palmae having an unbranched trunk crowned by large pinnate or palmate leaves | |
forgo | v: to give up or abstain from something; to do without something that one might be entitled to | |
insist | v: to say something clearly or demand something forcefully, especially when other people disagree with or oppose what you say | |
shrimp | n: a small, freshwater or saltwater creature with a slender body and long legs | |
routine | n: a usual or habitual way of doing things; a set sequence of steps, part of a larger computer program | |
disaster | n: an unexpected event or series of events that cause widespread damage, destruction, or loss of life |