Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (114 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (21 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
flank	n: the side of an animal, especially the side between the last rib and the hip; the side of military or naval formation; (verb) to be located on either side of something
nation	n: a large organized community of people living in a particular country or region and having a particular culture
maritime	adj: relating to or connected with the sea, especially about shipping, navigation, or commercial activity
rocky	adj: full of or abounding in rocks; of, relating to, or made of rock
shore	n: the land along the edge of a sea, lake, broad river, or other large body of water; (verb) to support by placing against something solid or rigid
stormy	adj: marked by strong winds, heavy rain, thunder, and lightning; characterized by tumultuous or rough emotions, particularly in a relationship or situation
prospect	n: the possibility or likelihood of something happening or being successful; a person or thing that is likely to succeed or become popular; a potential customer or client; (verb) to explore for useful or valuable things or substances, such as minerals
engineer	n: a person whose job is designing, building, or maintaining something such as machines, structures, or software
propose	v: to make a proposal, declare a plan for something
numerous	adj: amounting to a large indefinite number
span	n: the entire length of something, such as time or space from beginning to end; the amount of space that something covers
gap	n: a conspicuous disparity or difference separates something such as a figure, people, their opinions, situation, etc.
submerge	v: to put something under water or to go under water; to bury or hide something deeply or completely
tube	n: a cylindrical container of metal, plastic, glass, etc., usually sealed and used as a means of preserving food or chemicals; a hollow cylindrical shape
suspend	v: to stop something from continuing or being in force or effect, either temporarily or permanently; to hang something freely
platform	n: the raised flat space close to the track at a train station where passengers get on or off the train; (technology) a computational or digital environment in which a piece of software is executed
underwater	adv: below or under the surface of the water
tunnel	n: an underground or underwater passage, typically for trains or cars
proposal	n: a formal suggestion or offer, sometimes a written one
capture	v: to catch a person or an animal and confine them in an area which they cannot escape
imaginary	adj: existing only in someone’s mind
invention	n: the creation of a new device or process resulting from study and experimentation; the act of inventing
discovery	n: the act or process of finding information, a place, or an object, or learning about something that was previously not known
stable	adj: firm and steady; not easily moved, disturbed, or changed
chalk	n: a soft, white, porous sedimentary rock composed of calcium carbonate, often used for drawing or writing on surfaces such as blackboards
marl	n: a crumbly, earthy deposit composed of clay and calcium carbonate, often used as a fertilizer or soil amendment
seabed	n: the bottom of a sea or ocean; the surface of the sea’s bed, which can be rocky, sandy, muddy, or covered with coral or other organisms
fantastic	adj: extremely good; excellent
feasible	adj: capable of being or likely to be made, done, or achieved
urgent	adj: requiring immediate attention or action; pressing
obstacle	n: a thing that blocks one’s way or prevents or hinders progress
geography	n: a field of science devoted to the study of the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of the Earth
isolation	n: the condition of being alone or lonely; the act or state of separation between persons or groups
strategy	n: a detailed plan of action designed to achieve a long-term or overall goal.
advantage	n: a condition or circumstance that puts one in a favorable or superior position; a beneficial feature or asset that someone or something has
invasion	n: army’s act of forcibly entering another country or territory to take control of it
aerial	n: a type of acrobatics or gymnastics performed while suspended from hanging fabric or rings; a pass or shot in sports (particularly in soccer or volleyball) that is made while the player is in the air
warfare	n: the use of military force to achieve political, economic, or social objectives
render	v: to bring someone or something into a particular state; to provide something such as service, help, etc.
obsolete	adj: no longer in use or helpful because something newer or better has been invented and introduced
economy	n: the system by which a country or region produces manages, and distributes goods and services, including the money and finances involved in these activities; (of an airline) the lowest-priced, most basic option for seating in commercial travel
replace	v: to take the place of something
fin	n: a thin flat part on the body of a fish or other aquatic animal used for propulsion or balance
initial	adj: of or happening at the beginning; (noun) the first letter of a word, especially a person’s name
excavation	n: the act or process of removing soil, rock, or other material to reveal or extract something, such as an archaeological site or underground structure, or the hole or area created by this process
proceed	v: to move forward or to continue with a process or action; to advance or progress
invest	v: to put money, effort, time, etc. into something to make a profit or achieve a result
modern	adj: of or belonging to the present time or recent times
equivalent	n: having the same value, quality, meaning, purpose, etc.
pound	n: the standard unit of money in the UK; the standard unit of weight equal to 16 ounces
infrastructure	n: the basic systems, services, or features that are necessary for an organization or country, such as transport and power supplies
separate	v: to force, take, or pull apart; mark as different
crossover	n: a work or artist that blends elements of different genres, styles, or cultures; a type of vehicle that combines the features of an SUV (sport utility vehicle) and a car; (of music) a work that successfully appeals to multiple audiences
chamber	n: a large room used for a formal, public, or particular purpose; one of the parts of a parliament
emergency	n: a sudden unforeseen crisis usually involving danger that requires immediate action
duct	n: a tube, pipe, or channel for conveying air, water, or other substances
excavate	v: to dig or remove earth, rocks, or other materials from the ground or a site, often to uncover or discover something
survey	n: an investigation of the opinions, behavior, etc. of a particular group of people, made by asking people questions
rev	n: a measure of the rate at which an engine or motor rotates, often expressed in revolutions per minute (RPM); (verb) to increase the number of rotations per minute
crack	v: to break or cause to break without dividing into separate parts; (noun) a line on the surface of something along which it has separated without breaking
seep	v: to flow or leak slowly and gradually through small openings or spaces; to ooze or trickle out gradually
develop	v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created
waterproof	adj: not permitting the passage of water
anticipate	v: to expect or predict that something will happen; to tell in advance
forge	v: to fashion or shape metal by heating it and hammering it into shape; to create or develop something new or original; to form strong bonds or relationships with others
borer	n: a tool or machine used for making a hole in wood or other materials; an insect or other organism that bores into and feeds on wood, plants, or other materials
flood	n: a large amount of water flowing beyond its normal limits; an overwhelming number or amount
undetected	adj: not perceived or discovered
fissure	n: a narrow opening or crack, especially in a rock or other hard substance; a division or splitting within a group or organization
drill	n: a tool or machine used for making round holes or driving fasteners; a training or practice
grout	v: to fill the gaps between tiles, stones, or other building materials with a mixture of cement, sand, and water; to reinforce or seal the joints or cracks between building materials with a similar mixture
seal	v: to close or fasten an envelope, etc. securely; (noun) a large marine mammal that chiefly lives in cold regions and comes on shore to breed
reinforce	v: to strengthen or support something, especially by adding another material to it; to make emotion, idea, etc. stronger
boring	adj: lacking interest or excitement; tedious or dull
weigh	v: to have a particular weight; to carefully evaluate things before making a conclusion
install	v: to fix furniture, a machine, or a piece of equipment into position so that it can be used; put into an office or a position
stabilize	v: to become or cause to become steady or unlikely to give way
wagon	n: a four-wheeled vehicle used for transporting goods or people, often pulled by horses, oxen, or other animals; a compartment or container used for storage or transportation, such as a shopping cart or trolley
unstable	adj: lacking solidity, persistence, or firmness and therefore not strong, safe, or likely to continue; lacking control of one’s emotions
clay	n: a natural, earthy material that is made up of very small particles of minerals and can be molded when wet and then fired to produce ceramics
puncture	n: a small hole or wound made by piercing, such as with a needle, nail, or pointed object
surveyor	n: an engineer who measures and records the details of areas of land
constantly	adv: all the time
coordinate	v: to bring the different parts of the activity and the people into an organized, ordered, or efficient relationship; (adjective) of equal importance, rank, or degree
centimeter	n: a unit of measurement of length in the metric system, equivalent to one-hundredth of a meter
maintain	v: to continue to uphold or sustain; to keep in a particular state or condition; to assert or declare something to be true
trajectory	n: the curved path followed by an object moving through space
employ	v: to give somebody a job and pay them for it; to make use of
satellite	n: an electronic device that is sent up into space and moves around the Earth or another planet, used for gathering information or communicating by radio, television, etc.
paleontology	n: the study of fossils and the history of life on Earth
fossil	n: any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing that has become hard and turned into rock
confirm	v: to support or establish the truth or certainty of something previously believed or suspected to be the case
depth	n: the distance between the top and bottom of something; between the top surface and a distance below it
construct	v: to build or create something; to assemble or combine different parts to form something whole
emerge	v: to move out of or away from something and become visible
pump	v: to cause water, air, gas, etc. to move from one place to another by using mechanical equipment; to get or supply something such as money, information, etc. in significant quantities
cable	n: a set of wires covered by plastic or rubber that carries electricity, phone signals, etc.; a solid thick rope made of twisted hemp or steel wire
sensor	n: a device that receives a signal or stimulus such as heat, pressure, light, motion, etc. and responds to it in a specific manner
ceremony	n: a formal event or ritual, often religious or solemn
completion	n: the act or process of finishing something that you are doing or making; the state of being finished
rail	n: a long, thin piece of metal or wood that is used to make fences or as a support for something; (verb) to complain bitterly
shuttle	n: a vehicle or boat that regularly moves between two places; bobbin that passes the weft thread between the warp threads
transport	n: a system for moving people or products from one location to another using automobiles, roads, and so on
rider	n: a clause, amendment, or stipulation added to a legal document or bill; a person who rides on or operates a vehicle or animal; a person who travels a specified distance on horseback to deliver a message
unfortunately	adv: by bad luck; unluckily
privilege	n: a special right or advantage that only one person or group of people has, usually because they are rich and powerful in a society
refugee	n: a displaced person who has crossed national borders and who cannot or is unwilling to return home due to political, religious, or economic reasons or because of a war
attempt	n: an act or effort of trying to do something, especially something difficult
tragedy	n: an event or situation causing great loss, misfortune, or destruction; a play or literature that deals with a severe and sad event and often ends with the death of the main character
transform	v: to change in outward structure or looks;
ongoing	adj: continuing to exist or develop, or currently happening
conflict	n: a strong disagreement, argument, or a violent clash between two opposing groups or individuals
structure	n: the way of construction of something and the arrangement of its parts, or a complex thing constructed of many parts
barrier	n: a fence or other obstruction that makes it hard to move or get in; any condition that makes it difficult to make progress or to achieve an objective