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All Words (355 Words)

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Advanced Words (84 Words)

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Word	Meaning	Advanced
carbon	n: a chemical element that can be found in pure form as diamond or graphite, and it is also an essential part of coal and oil and is found in all plants and animals
creditor	n: a person, company, etc. to whom a debtor owes money
incentive	n: something, such as a punishment, reward, etc., that encourages a person to do something
transparency	n: the condition or quality of being easy to see through
regulation	n: an official rule made and maintained by a government or some other authority; the act of controlling or directing something according to a rule
offset	v: to compensate for or counterbalance one influence against an opposing influence
chop	v: to cut something into pieces with a sharp tool, such as a knife
removal	n: the act of taking something away or off from a particular place
dramatically	adv: in a very impressive manner
gore	v: to pierce with a sharp object, causing injury or death; (noun) coagulated blood from a wound
differ	v: to be not like someone or something in some way
wisdom	n: the quality of being wise, or the ability to use your knowledge and experience to make sensible decisions
generate	v: to produce or create something; to make offspring by reproduction
disagree	v: to have or express a different opinion, idea, etc.
urgency	n: the quality of being very important and needing to be dealt with immediately
optimistic	adj: hoping or expecting that good thing will happen or something will be successful
pessimistic	adj: tending to see the worst aspect of things or expecting the worst possible outcome
strike	v: to wallop somebody or something with the hand, fist, or weapon; to have an emotional or cognitive impact upon
session	n: a formal meeting or series of meetings for the execution of a particular group’s functions; a period spent doing a particular activity
dilemma	n: a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two or more options, especially that are equally unfavorable ones
transition	n: the process or period of changing from one state or circumstance to another
inflict	v: to cause harm, injury, or suffering to someone or something
interconnect	v: to connect similar things
fabric	n: cloth or other material produced by weaving wool, cotton, silk, etc., used for making clothes, covering furniture, etc.
sustain	v: to supply enough of what somebody or something needs to survive or exist; to accept as valid
argument	n: a set of statements or reasons used to support or refute a proposition or theory; a verbal or physical fight or dispute
vie	v: to compete or contend for something, usually a prize, position, or advantage; to strive for superiority or mastery in one’s field or area of expertise
supremacy	n: the state, condition, or position of being superior to all others in authority, power, or status
decide	v: to make up someone’s mind about something; to come to a conclusion or judgment after considering options
acknowledge	v: to accept or admit the existence, reality, or truth of something; to accept that someone or something has a particular authority or quality; to express obligation, thanks, or gratitude for someone’s help, commitment, etc.;
decision	n: the act or process of making up someone’s mind about something; a choice or judgment reached after considering options
weigh	v: to have a particular weight; to carefully evaluate things before making a conclusion
alternative	n: one of two or more available possibilities or choice
complexity	n: the state or quality of being complicated or intricate and difficult to understand
compete	v: to strive to achieve more success than someone or something
straightforward	adj: easy to do or understand, or simple; free from ambiguity
cofounder	n: one of several people who establishes an organization or starts a business
launch	v: to send or propel something into the air or space using a device such as a rocket, missile, or spacecraft; to make something available or on sale for the first time
thorny	adj: full of or covered with thorns; prickly; (of a problem) difficult to deal with
climate	n: the weather in a particular location averaged over some long period
collaboration	n: the act or situation of working together to create or produce something
pathway	n: a track that constitutes or serves as a path; an approach or a way of doing something
tackle	v: to try to deal with a complex problem or situation
accelerate	v: to make something faster or earlier; to cause to develop or progress more quickly
definition	n: a concise explanation of the meaning of a word, phrase, or symbol
tradable	adj: able to be traded or exchanged for something else, particularly in the context of financial markets or securities
permit	v: to allow for something to happen or be done; (noun) the act of giving a formal, usually written, authorization
represent	v: to speak, act, or be present on behalf of another person or group; to form or constitute
emit	v: to give off or send out something such as light, heat, sound, gas, etc.
atmosphere	n: the mass of air that surrounds the Earth; the pervading tone or mood of a place, situation, or creative work
compensate	v: to make up for a loss, injury, or inconvenience by giving something of value
emission	n: the act of production or sending out gas, heat, light, etc.
theoretical	adj: relating to the concepts and principles upon which a particular topic is founded, rather than practice and experience
equivalent	n: having the same value, quality, meaning, purpose, etc.
ongoing	adj: continuing to exist or develop, or currently happening
explore	v: to travel to or penetrate an area or a country to learn about it; to thoroughly examine a subject or a possibility to learn more about it
faith	n: complete trust in something or someone’s ability or knowledge; a strong belief in religion, divine power, etc.
operate	v: to work in a particular way; to supervise something
frontline	adj: in the most critical or dangerous position; in the military line or part of an army closest to the enemy
communal	adj: belonging to or used by a group rather than individuals; for common use
safeguard	v: to protect something or someone from harm, damage, or loss
livelihood	n: a means of earning money people need to pay for food, a place to live, clothing, etc.
sustainable	adj: able to continue or be continued for a long time
influence	n: the ability to affect someone’s or something’s character, growth, or behavior, or the effect itself
crisis	n: a time of great disagreement, confusion, or danger when problems must be resolved or critical decisions must be taken
pitfall	n: a hidden or unsuspected danger or difficulty; a trap or snare
conversation	n: an informal talk between two or more people to exchange their views, ideas, information, etc.
neutralize	v: to counteract or cancel the effects of something; to make something neutral or harmless
suppose	v: to think that something is likely to be actual or possible
permanent	adj: lasting for a long time without essential change
addition	n: the act or process of adding something to something else; the process of adding numbers
inappropriate	adj: not suitable or proper for a particular occasion, purpose, or person
neutral	adj: not helping or assisting either side in a conflict, argument, etc.
ultimate	adj: furthest or highest in degree or order
mislead	v: to cause someone to believe something that is not true
regulator	n: a person or thing that controls or balances something; a person or an organization that is responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest
impressive	adj: arousing admiration due to size, quality, or skill
negative	adj: having the quality of something bad or harmful; expressing refusal
clarity	n: the quality of being coherent and understandable; the quality of transparency or purity
boom	n: a sudden increase in economic activity, or a sudden happening that brings good fortune; a deep, loud, and prolonged sound
invest	v: to put money, effort, time, etc. into something to make a profit or achieve a result
quantitative	adj: relating to, measuring, or expressing in terms of quantity; involving numerical or statistical data
dimension	n: a measurable extent of a particular kind, such as width, height, or length
progressive	adj: relating to or supporting development or advancement, especially social or political one
erode	v: to gradually wear away or break down (rock, soil, or other material) through the action of wind, water, or other natural agents; to gradually weaken or undermine (something) over time
destroy	v: to ruin or damage severely or completely; to eradicate or eliminate completely
greenwashing	n: the practice of making deceptive or exaggerated claims about the environmental benefits of a product or service to appeal to eco-conscious consumers
egregious	adj: outstandingly bad or shocking; conspicuously or outrageously bad or reprehensible
fossil	n: any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing that has become hard and turned into rock
fuel	n: a substance that is typically burned to generate heat or energy
obvious	adj: easy to see, discover or understand
oxymoron	n: a figure of speech that combines contradictory terms, such as “jumbo shrimp” or “deafening silence”
flaw	n: a fault, mistake, or weakness that causes something not to be perfect
conceptual	adj: related to or founded on ideas, principles
practically	adv: almost or nearly
magical	adj: produced by or containing supernatural powers
fundamental	adj: forming an essential base or core from which everything else develops or is affected
dam	n: a wall constructed over a river to block the flow of water, mainly used to generate energy
willingness	n: the state of being ready or inclined to do something
adopt	v: to choose to follow something; to legally take a child from another family and care for them as if they were one’s own
planet	n: any of the nine large celestial bodies that circle in the solar system; any celestial body that revolves around a star
greenhouse	n: a building with walls and roof made chiefly of transparent material, such as glass, for growing plants in
inspire	v: to make somebody fill with the desire, confidence, or enthusiasm, especially to do something creative
vigorous	adj: characterized by energy or intensity; physically strong and healthy; robust and enthusiastic in action or thought
anchor	n: a device, typically made of metal, that is used to moor a ship or boat in a particular place, typically by being dropped to the seabed; a central cohesive source of support and stability
concept	n: an idea or principle associated with something abstract
disaster	n: an unexpected event or series of events that cause widespread damage, destruction, or loss of life
premise	n: a statement or proposition that is held to be true or from which a conclusion can be drawn
oxide	n: a chemical compound that contains at least one oxygen atom and one other element
residual	adj: relating to or constituting a remainder or leftover portion; remaining after other elements or factors have been removed or taken into account
balanced	adj: taking all sides or opinions into account equally; being in a state of proper equilibrium
introductory	adj: intended as an introduction or preliminary; serving as a base or starting point
trap	n: a piece of equipment or hole for catching animals or people; (verb) to catch animals or people and prevent them from escaping
incredibly	adv: in a way that is very difficult to believe; exceedingly or extremely
seductive	adj: tempting or alluring attractively or persuasively; often used to describe a person, behavior, or idea that is intended to lure or entice someone into a specific action or belief
rely	v: to require a specific thing or the assistance and support of someone or something to continue, run properly, or succeed.
decarbonize	v: to stop or reduce emitting carbon gases, especially carbon dioxide, by replacing energy made from fossil fuels with renewable energy
government	n: the group of people with authority to control a country or state
propose	v: to make a proposal, declare a plan for something
bold	adj: brave, daring, and confident; not frightened of danger or afraid to say what you feel or to take risks
inevitable	adj: certain to happen and unavoidable
compromise	v: to settle a problem or disagreement by mutual concession
corruptible	adj: capable of being made to do something dishonest or immoral
landmark	n: a notable or important event, place, or achievement; a significant object or feature that serves as a reference point
treaty	n: a formal agreement or pact between two or more countries or other international entities
devastating	adj: causing a great deal of destruction or damage
skeptical	adj: doubting that something is accurate or useful
absence	n: the fact or condition of being away from a place where they are typically anticipated to be
radical	adj: relating to the essential aspects of anything; far beyond the norm, mainly used of opinions and actions
proposal	n: a formal suggestion or offer, sometimes a written one
responsible	adj: answerable or accountable for something within one’s power, control, or management
discovery	n: the act or process of finding information, a place, or an object, or learning about something that was previously not known
assume	v: to think or accept something to be true without having proof of it; to take or begin to have power; to begin to exhibit a specific quality or appearance
continuous	adj: occurring or existing without a pause or interruption
capture	v: to catch a person or an animal and confine them in an area which they cannot escape
strip	v: to remove the surface from something; (noun) a sizeable narrow piece of something such as paper, metal, cloth, etc., or area of land, sea, etc.
molecule	n: a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds
pump	v: to cause water, air, gas, etc. to move from one place to another by using mechanical equipment; to get or supply something such as money, information, etc. in significant quantities
underground	adj: under the surface of the ground; a secret group organized to achieve a specific purpose, such as overthrowing the government or occupying a force
storage	n: the act or process of putting in and keeping something in a particular place for use in the future; an electronic memory device that can store information
attempt	n: an act or effort of trying to do something, especially something difficult
intensive	adj: involving a lot of work or activity in a short time
electrify	v: to make a machine or system work by using electricity; to make someone extremely enthusiastic about or interested in something
trivial	adj: of little value or importance
enterprise	n: a business or company; a purposeful or industrious undertaking, especially one that requires effort
geology	n: a science that deals with the history of the earth as recorded in rocks
circumstance	n: the specific conditions or events that surround a particular situation or occurrence
injection	n: the act of introducing a liquid, especially a drug, into the body using a needle and a syringe
enthusiasm	n: a strong feeling of excitement and interest in a particular subject or cause and an eagerness to become involved in it
surround	v: to be all around something or somebody
large-scale	adj: involving many people or things and involving a lot of change or activity
emerge	v: to move out of or away from something and become visible
estimate	v: to guess or calculate the cost, size, value, etc. of something
trillion	n: the number 1,000,000,000,000; a million million
evident	adj: apparent to the mind, senses, or judgment
pollution	n: the introduction of harmful substances or waste into the natural environment that causes adverse change
desperately	adv: in a way that shows a lack of hope and a willingness to do anything because of the problematic situation; with great urgency
narrative	n: a story or a description of a series of events or process of telling a story
adjust	v: to make a minor modification to something to make it more suited for a new set of conditions or to make it function better.
survey	n: an investigation of the opinions, behavior, etc. of a particular group of people, made by asking people questions
conduct	v: to organize and carry out a particular activity
journal	n: a newspaper or magazine specialized in a specific topic or profession
catastrophic	adj: extremely harmful; causing physical or financial destruction
catastrophe	n: a sudden event that causes extreme ruin and misfortune
confront	v: to face, meet or deal with a problem or difficult situation or person
uniform	adj: always the same; showing a single form or character in all occurrences; (noun) the special set of clothes worn by members of a particular group as a means of identification
mechanism	n: a part of a machine, or a set of parts that performs a task; a natural or established process that occurs during a specific situation or reaction
vital	adj: necessary for the success or continued existence of something
industrious	adj: hardworking, diligent, and persistent in effort
embody	v: to represent or exemplify something; to give tangible form to an abstract idea
disastrous	adj: extremely bad, harmful, or unsuccessful
conservation	n: the protection of something important, such as the natural environment or artificial structures, especially from the damaging effects of human activity
ecosystem	n: all the plants and living creatures in an area and the way they affect each other and the environment
monetize	v: to earn money from something, such as an asset, business, etc.; to coin into money
sequester	v: to take temporary possession of someone’s property until a debt is paid.
crucial	adj: extremely vital or necessary
survival	n: the state of continuing to exist or live, frequently in the face of difficulty or danger
opportune	adj: suitable or happening at a time that is suitable or convenient for a particular purpose
systemic	adj: affecting or related to the whole of something, especially the human body or a society
aspect	n: one part or feature of a situation, problem, subject, etc.
permanence	n: the quality of being permanent, lasting, or enduring; the state or condition of being permanent
leak	v: to allow liquid or gas to get in or out from a hole or crack in a pipe or container
baseline	n: a starting point or minimum for comparing facts; the back line bounding each end of a tennis or handball court
measurement	n: the act or process of finding something’s size, quantity, or degree
verification	n: the process of confirming the accuracy or truth of something, usually through investigation or experimentation; the act of validating or authenticating something
feasibility	n: the state or quality of being feasible; the likelihood or possibility of something being successful or able to be accomplished
imbalance	n: a situation in which two or more things are not equal or equally treated
institutional	adj: of, in, or relating to a large important organization, such as a university or bank; organized as or forming part of the standard systems, practices, etc.
finance	n: the management of money, credit, banking, and investments, especially by a government or commercial organization; the branch of economics that studies the management of money and other assets
tap	v: to hit someone or something quickly, gently, and often repeatedly; to use existing resources, such as energy, knowledge, etc.
instance	n: a particular example or single occurrence of something
mitigate	v: to make less severe or less intense; to alleviate or lessen the adverse effects of something
tropical	adj: originating in, located in, or characteristic of the tropics
coastline	n: the particular shape of the coast (= the shore of a sea or ocean) as seen from the sea
mangrove	n: a tropical coastal tree or shrub that grows in saline soil and has prop roots that help to stabilize it
hectare	n: a unit of area equal to 10,000 square meters
peatland	n: an area covered with peat (= a partially decayed organic matter formed from plants)
restricted	adj: limited in extent, number, scope, or action, especially by official rules, laws, etc.
merit	n: the quality of being particularly good or worthy, especially to deserve praise or reward
nation	n: a large organized community of people living in a particular country or region and having a particular culture
contribution	n: the act of giving something, especially money, to a particular cause or organization; a voluntary gift as of money or service or ideas made to some worthwhile cause
environment	n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live
restrict	v: to limit someone’s actions or movements, or to limit something to lessen its size or prevent it from increasing
equitable	adj: fair and impartial; treating everyone fairly
institute	n: an organization that has a specific purpose, particularly one dealing with science, education, or a particular profession; (verb) to initiate, introduce, or establish something
indirectly	adv: not going straight to the point; implying or suggesting something
hydrology	n: the scientific study of water, including its properties, distribution, and movement on and beneath the Earth’s surface, and its interaction with the environment
biodiversity	n: the number and variety of plants and animals that exist in a particular area or the world and make a balanced environment
indigenous	adj: someone or something that is native to or occurring naturally in a particular place
sweat	n: the salty liquid that is produced by the glands in the skin, especially when the body is hot or under stress
adversely	adv: in a way that harms, hurts, or has a negative impact on something or someone
perpetuate	v: to make something continue or prevail for a long time
overlook	v: to fail to notice something; to watch over someone; to provide a view from above
pollination	n: the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive organs of one flower to the female reproductive organs of another flower, resulting in fertilization and the production of seeds
pest	n: a destructive insect or other animals that are harmful to crops, animals, or humans; someone or something that is annoying or troublesome
nitrogen	n: a chemical element with the symbol N and atomic number 7, which is a highly reactive element that forms part of many compounds, including amino acids and proteins
tick	n: a light, sharp, repetitive sound or action; a mark indicating that something is correct or has been done; any of two families of small parasitic arachnids with barbed proboscis
compliance	n: the act of following rules or regulations, often willingly or voluntarily; the act of conforming to a set of standards or guidelines
relation	n: the way two persons or groups of people feel and act toward one another
externality	n: a cost or benefit that affects a third party who did not choose to incur that cost or benefit
guilt	n: the fact of having committed something illegal; the negative feelings caused by believing or knowing that you have done something wrong
locate	v: to specify or determine the exact position of someone or something
nowadays	adv: at the current time, in comparison to the past
solid	adj: hard or firm; characterized by good substantial quality
dismiss	v: to regard something or someone as not important and not worth considering; to terminate someone’s employment
govern	v: to legally control and direct a country, city, group of people, etc. and be responsible for introducing new laws, organizing and maintaining public services
complicated	adj: involving a lot of different things or parts in a way that is difficult to understand or analyze
revenue	n: the income that a government receives from taxes or that a company earns from its business
leftover	adj: not consumed or used at the end of something
extract	n: a short passage taken from a book, piece of music, etc.; a substance obtained from something through a specific process; (verb) to obtain from something or to remove something by effort or force
wit	n: the ability to say or write things or ideas in a clever and humorous way
exploration	n: the activity of searching and finding out about something through a place
basin	n: a natural depression or valley that is circular or oval on the surface of the earth, especially one that has water in it; a container with a bowl form that is typically used to hold food or liquids
dive	v: to jump into the water with your head and arms going in first, or to move down to a deeper level underwater
reshape	v: to change the form or structure of something
outcome	n: the result or effect of an action, event, etc.
rethink	v: to consider again a plan, idea, etc., especially to change it
immense	adj: extremely large or great
reduction	n: a decrease in size, amount, or degree
smoosh	v: to crush or flatten something; to press or squeeze something into a soft or shapeless mass
generic	adj: not specific; not linked to a particular brand or product
separate	v: to force, take, or pull apart; mark as different
realm	n: a domain of activity, interest, or knowledge
tradition	n: a belief, custom, or way of doing something that has been passed down from generation to generation within a group or society
tempting	adj: likely to attract or persuade someone to do something, especially something that may not be wise or safe
infrastructure	n: the basic systems, services, or features that are necessary for an organization or country, such as transport and power supplies
coal	n: a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock that is found below the ground and burnt to produce heat
vulnerable	adj: capable of being hurt or influenced physically or mentally
percentage	n: the number, amount, or rate of something, which is usually the amount per hundred
awful	adj: causing fear, dread, or terror; very bad or unpleasant
durable	adj: capable of lasting and being used for a long time without being damaged or destroyed
unavoidable	adj: impossible to avoid or evade; inevitable
non-existent	adj: not real; not existing or having no real existence
gigaton	n: a unit of explosive energy equal to one billion tons of TNT (= a powerful, yellow explosive substance); one billion tons
affordable	adj: not expensive and able to pay
undesirable	adj: not wanted or looked upon favorably; unwanted or unpleasant in nature, character, or appearance
reorganize	v: to change to a more sufficient or suitable form of organization
dominant	adj: more important, influential, or easy to notice than anything else of the same type
paradigm	n: a standard or typical example of something; a pattern or model
ambition	n: a strong wish to do or achieve something
announce	v: to make something known or officially inform people about something
emphasize	v: to give or show particular importance to something
contribute	v: to give something, especially money or goods, to provide or achieve something together with other people
frame	n: a strong border or structure of the wood, metal, etc. that surrounds something such as a picture, door, or window
essential	adj: indispensable; fundamental
distinction	n: a difference or contrast between similar things or people
framework	n: the structural components of a building or object that support its weight and give it form; the underlying structure of a system, concept, or text
presume	v: to suppose or assume something to be true, often without sufficient evidence or proof; to take liberties, behave impolitely, or overstep one’s bounds, often due to arrogance or ignorance
imitate	v: to copy the speech, behavior, appearance, etc. of someone or something
corporate	adj: of or relating to a large company
balance	n: a condition in which everything has the same weight or force; something left after other parts have been taken away
perverse	adj: showing a deliberate and stubborn desire to go against what is expected or desired; contrary; willfully disobedient or immoral
accord	n: an official agreement or treaty between two organizations, countries, etc.; (verb) allow to have
pledge	v: to make a formal promise to give or do something
abundantly	adv: in large quantities; plentifully
bulk	n: the quantity or size of something that is very large; the main part of something
beneficial	adj: helpful, useful, or sound; promoting or enhancing well-being
advance	v: to go or move forward; to develop in a positive way
prioritize	v: to assign a higher level of importance to something compared to other things
equity	n: the value of the shares issued by a company
perspective	n: a confident attitude toward something; a particular style of thinking about something
feasible	adj: capable of being or likely to be made, done, or achieved
urgently	adv: in a way that requires immediate action or attention, especially before anything else, because of being very important
committed	adj: willing to put in a lot of effort, time, and energy into something; firmly believing in something
intern	v: to put someone in prison, especially for political or military reasons; (noun) a student or trainee who works, sometimes for free, to get work experience or to fulfill qualification criteria
comprehensive	adj: complete and including all or everything necessary
coordinated	adj: effectively arranged or organized so that all the parts work smoothly or systematically together
integrity	n: the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles; the state of being whole and undivided
council	n: a group of people who have been elected or appointed to make decisions or give advice on a particular subject or in a particular place
voluntary	adj: done of one’s own free will; without being forced or coerced
core	n: the most essential or fundamental part of something
principle	n: a fundamental law or truth that explains or controls how something happens or works
robust	adj: sturdy and healthy in form, constitution, or construction; strong enough to withstand or overcome intellectual challenges or adversity
quantifiable	adj: able to be measured, expressed, or quantified in numerical or statistical terms
complementary	adj: serving to complete or enhance something in a way that is suitable or pleasing
mobilize	v: to make something ready for action or use; to organize people or resources for a particular purpose
sect	n: a group of people who follow a particular religious or philosophical belief system, especially one that is regarded as outside the norm or mainstream
regulate	v: to control something, especially by means of rules or laws
unregulated	adj: not subject to official rules, procedures, or oversight; not controlled or supervised by a governing authority or system
chaotic	adj: without any order or organization; extremely disorganized, unpredictable, and confusing
opaque	adj: not transparent; not allowing light to pass through; not permitting a clear view
hawk	n: a bird of prey typically having short rounded wings and a long tail; an advocate of an aggressive policy on foreign relations
quantify	v: to express or measure something in numerical terms
validate	v: to check or prove that something is true; to make something officially or legally acceptable or approved
unpack	v: to open and remove stored items from a container or package; to analyze or examine something in detail, often to clarify or understand it better
forestry	n: the science, art, and practice of managing forests, including planting, cultivating, and caring for trees and conserving and developing natural forests
wildfire	n: a large, uncontrolled fire that spreads quickly through a natural area such as a forest, grassland, or mountain slope
accurate	adj: correct and exact in all details
conservative	adj: holding traditional views and values and opposed to change or innovation
genuine	adj: real and exactly; not pretended; sincerely felt or expressed
valid	adj: having a reasonable basis in logic or fact; still legally or officially acceptable
verify	v: to check that something exists or is true, or to prove that something is correct
accredit	v: to give official recognition or approval to an individual, organization, or educational institution; to attribute something to a particular source or cause
colleague	n: one of a group of a coworker, especially in a profession or a business
initiative	n: the ability to act or make decisions independently and with confidence; a plan or action proposed or taken to address a problem or need
credible	adj: capable of being trusted or believed
legitimate	adj: accordant with or allowed by law; lawful
conviction	n: a strong belief or opinion, especially one that is based on principles or evidence; (criminal law) a final judgment of guilty in a criminal case and the punishment that is imposed
resolve	v: to find a suitable answer to the problems or difficulty
zone	n: a specific area, region, or section that is marked off or defined in some way
progression	n: the act or process of changing to the next stage or phase or moving forward
engage	v: to attract and keep someone’s attention and interest; to participate in or obtain services of something
inbox	n: an electronic folder on a computer or phone where new emails, text messages, etc., that are sent to you are kept
critic	n: someone who expresses opinions about the quality of books, music, etc.
pretension	n: the act of claiming or asserting something, especially without good reason or without evidence; an unfounded or excessive claim or ambition
alignment	n: an arrangement in which two or more elements are placed in a straight line or parallel to each other
fiery	adj: very intense; like or suggestive of fire
brunt	n: the force or impact of something, often used to describe the full force of an attack or criticism
smallholding	n: a small farm or estate that the owner or family typically works; often used to describe a farm that is smaller than a standard agricultural unit
shift	n: a slight transition in position, direction, or trend
integrate	v: to combine one thing with another so that they form a whole or work together; to accept equal participation for members of all races and ethnic groups
structure	n: the way of construction of something and the arrangement of its parts, or a complex thing constructed of many parts
overlap	v: to partially cover something by going beyond its edge
engineer	n: a person whose job is designing, building, or maintaining something such as machines, structures, or software
economics	n: the branch of social science that deals with the production, consumption, and transfer of goods and services
guidance	n: advice or instructions given to help direct someone’s behavior or decision-making
threaten	v: to utter intentions of injury or punishment against someone
decline	v: to become gradually smaller, fewer, worse, etc.; to refuse to accept
heterodoxy	n: the holding of opinions or beliefs that are different from established or orthodox views, especially in religious or political contexts
stimulate	v: to encourage something to develop or become more active; to stir the feelings or emotions
breakout	n: an escape or sudden release from confinement, often used to describe a prison break or a spread of a disease
optimism	n: a feeling or the belief that good things will happen, or the quality of being full of hope and emphasizing the positive aspects of a situation
rough	adj: not quite exact or correct; having or caused by an irregular surface
embrace	v: to accept something willingly and enthusiastically; (noun) the act of clasping another person in the arms as in greeting or affection
stubborn	adj: refusing to change one’s mind or behavior despite persuasion or evidence to the contrary; unyielding; difficult to move or change
despair	n: the feeling that there is no hope and you cannot do anything to improve a difficult situation
abyss	n: a deep, dark, or seemingly bottomless chasm or void
generous	adj: willing to give and share something such as money, help, kindness, etc., especially more than is necessary or expected
telescope	n: a device like a tube in shape containing lenses used to magnify and observe distant objects
innovative	adj: introducing or using new methods, ideas, etc.
virtually	adv: almost completely
identical	adj: being the exact same one
supernova	n: a powerful and luminous explosion that occurs in some stars, resulting in an extremely bright, short-lived object that later fades into a supernova remnant
enhance	v: to increase or improve the quality, amount, or strength of someone or something
individual	n: a single person or thing, as distinct from a group