Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (307 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (70 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
dominate	v: to have or control a lot of power and influence over somebody or something
planet	n: any of the nine large celestial bodies that circle in the solar system; any celestial body that revolves around a star
unprecedented	adj: never having been seen, done, or known before
generation	n: all the people born and living at about the same time, regarded collectively; the production of heat or electricity
undermine	v: to make someone or something less powerful, less effective, weaker gradually; to make someone’s fame, confidence, or authority less effective or weaker gradually
stability	n: the quality or attribute of being firm and steadfast
develop	v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created
phase	n: any stage in a series of events, change, or development
transform	v: to change in outward structure or looks;
innovation	n: the creation of a new device or process resulting from study and experimentation
paradigm	n: a standard or typical example of something; a pattern or model
humanity	n: all people living on the earth; the quality or state of being human rather than an animal, a machine, etc.
sustainable	adj: able to continue or be continued for a long time
stakeholder	n: a person or group that has an interest or concern in something, especially a business
absent	adj: not present in a particular place at a particular time
negotiation	n: the process of discussing and reaching an agreement with others
environment	n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live
refuse	v: to show that one is not willing to do or accept something
compromise	v: to settle a problem or disagreement by mutual concession
witness	n: a person who sees something happen, especially a crime or an accident
remarkable	adj: worthy of attention because unusual or special
humble	adj: having or showing a modest or low estimate of one’s quality or importance
grace	n: a quality of being pleasing, especially in appearance or manner; a temporary exemption, especially an extended period granted as a special favor; a short prayer of thanks before a meal
roughly	adv: approximately but not precisely; with a violent manner
modern	adj: of or belonging to the present time or recent times
humming	adj: producing a continuous, low, vibrating sound like that of the bee
civilization	n: a complex and highly organized society that has developed over time and has a dominant culture, including features such as language, religion, government, technology, and social customs
proxy	n: a person or entity that is authorized to act on behalf of another person or entity
temperature	n: the degree of hotness or coldness of a thing or place
variability	n: the fact or quality of something being likely to vary
jumpy	adj: nervous, jittery, or prone to sudden movements or reactions; characterized by irregular or uneven movement or motion
crisis	n: a time of great disagreement, confusion, or danger when problems must be resolved or critical decisions must be taken
colonize	v: to establish a colony in or on a specific place; to settle or occupy in large numbers
stable	adj: firm and steady; not easily moved, disturbed, or changed
abandon	v: to leave a place, thing, or person with no intention of returning; (noun) a feeling of extreme emotional intensity
hunt	v: to go after and try to catch wild animals to kill them for food, sport, or profit
invention	n: the creation of a new device or process resulting from study and experimentation; the act of inventing
agriculture	n: the practice or science of cultivating the land or raising stock
domesticate	v: to take control of animals or plants to provide food, power, or company
quadruple	v: to consist of four items or people; to become four times as great or many
squeeze	v: to apply pressure from two or more sides; to hold someone or something tightly in your arms, usually with fondness
population	n: the total number of people in a country, region, or location
numb	adj: unable to feel physical sensation and movement; not showing human feeling or sensitivity
committed	adj: willing to put in a lot of effort, time, and energy into something; firmly believing in something
equity	n: the value of the shares issued by a company
minority	n: the smaller part of a group, especially a number or part representing less than half of the whole; a period before adult legal age
industrial	adj: of or relating to or resulting from industry
bandwagon	n: a popular or fashionable trend or cause that attracts a large number of people who want to be part of it, often without considering its merits or drawbacks
aspiring	adj: desiring or striving for recognition or advancement; wanting to be successful in life
momentous	adj: of great significance, importance, or consequence; having a profound or lasting effect or impact
climate	n: the weather in a particular location averaged over some long period
agenda	n: a list or outline of things to be done, discussed, or considered
policy	n: a set of rules, guidelines, principles, or procedures that govern decision-making or action, often used in the context of business or government; a course of action or plan of action adopted or followed by an organization or individual to achieve a goal or objective
interpretation	n: an explanation or opinion of something, especially that is not immediately obvious
stabilize	v: to become or cause to become steady or unlikely to give way
greenhouse	n: a building with walls and roof made chiefly of transparent material, such as glass, for growing plants in
ppm	n: an abbreviation for “parts per million,” used to express the concentration of a substance in a solution or mixture
exceed	v: to surpass or go beyond a limit, expectation, or requirement; to be better or greater than anticipated or desired
degree	n: a unit of measurement for angles, temperature, or level of proficiency or achievement; a rank or level of academic or professional attainment
destabilize	v: to cause something to become less stable or secure
meter	n: a device used to measure the amount of a particular substance or attribute, such as length, volume, or time; (prosody) the accent in a metrical foot of verse
resilient	adj: able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions
unfortunately	adv: by bad luck; unluckily
ecosystem	n: all the plants and living creatures in an area and the way they affect each other and the environment
decline	v: to become gradually smaller, fewer, worse, etc.; to refuse to accept
function	n: the purpose or use of an object, system, or process; a particular activity or operation that is designed to serve a specific purpose; a mathematical concept that describes a relationship between two sets of values, called the input and output sets; (verb) to operate or work in a specific way, or to perform a particular task or purpose
regulate	v: to control something, especially by means of rules or laws
biodiversity	n: the number and variety of plants and animals that exist in a particular area or the world and make a balanced environment
forth	adv: forward, outward, or onward in location, direction, or progress; into view or consideration; with confidence, boldness, or in the open
notion	n: a general idea or understanding of something, particularly an abstract or complex concept; a belief or opinion, often one that is not based on solid evidence or facts
linear	adj: of, relating to, or consisting of lines or length; able to be expressed as a straight line, especially on a graph
predictable	adj: capable of being known, seen or declared in advance
controllable	adj: able to be controlled or directed
universal	adj: existing or affecting everywhere or everyone
tip	n: the top or extreme point of something slender or tapering, usually a mountain or hill; a piece of advice about something practical; a small amount of money given for services
abrupt	adj: sudden and unexpected
irreversible	adj: impossible to change or return to a previous condition
pose	v: to present a risk, problem, or other issues that must be addressed
geology	n: a science that deals with the history of the earth as recorded in rocks
era	n: a period that is distinct from others, typically in history
predominant	adj: having control, authority, or influence that is greater than that of others; prevailing or vastly more abundant than others of the same kind
ample	adj: enough or more than enough; having plenty of something
carbon	n: a chemical element that can be found in pure form as diamond or graphite, and it is also an essential part of coal and oil and is found in all plants and animals
oxide	n: a chemical compound that contains at least one oxygen atom and one other element
stick	v: to put something, usually a sharp object, into something; to restrict yourself to doing or using one certain thing and not change; (noun) a thin piece of wood or other material
accelerate	v: to make something faster or earlier; to cause to develop or progress more quickly
virtually	adv: almost completely
parameter	n: a numerical or other measurable factors that characterize a system or set of data
well-being	n: the state of being happy and healthy and prosperous
nit	n: the egg of a louse (= that is a tiny insect that lives in human hair) or some other insect; a foolish person
methane	n: a chemical compound with the chemical formula CH4 with no smell or color, often used as a fuel
deforest	v: to clear an area of forest or trees
overfishing	n: the removal of too many fish from a body of water, causing a decline in population levels and harm to the ecosystem
degradation	n: the condition or process of changing to a lower state, or a less respected state
simultaneously	adv: at the same time
branch	n: a division of a tree or woody shrub that grows out from the trunk or a main stem; a division of some larger or more complex organization
acceleration	n: a rate of increase in velocity; the rate of change of velocity with respect to time
enterprise	n: a business or company; a purposeful or industrious undertaking, especially one that requires effort
imprint	v: to make a mark or impression on a surface; to leave a lasting impression or influence on someone or something; (noun) a mark or impression made by pressing or stamping something onto a surface; a distinctive feature or characteristic that is left by something or someone
disciplinary	adj: of or relating to the punishment of people who break the rules; of or relating to a specific field of academic study
conclude	v: to come to an end or close; to reach a judgment or opinion by reasoning
curve	n: a bend or angle in a line or surface that deviates from a straight or flat path; a gradual or smooth change in direction or shape
challenging	adj: difficult, demanding, or requiring a high degree of skill or effort; presenting a difficult problem or obstacle
exciting	adj: causing a lot of interest or excitement
recognize	v: to acknowledge or realize something or someone; to identify, remember, or become aware of something that was previously known or encountered
statistics	n: the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data
separate	v: to force, take, or pull apart; mark as different
threshold	n: the floor or ground that forms the bottom of a doorway and offers support when passing through a doorway; the smallest detectable sensation
illustrate	v: to provide pictures, photographs, diagrams, etc. in a book or something for explanation
diagram	n: a simplified illustration of the appearance, structure, or workings of something
depth	n: the distance between the top and bottom of something; between the top surface and a distance below it
gradual	adj: happening slowly over a long period of time or distance; not steep or abrupt
erosion	n: the wearing away of rock, soil, or land by natural processes such as wind or water
suddenly	adv: quickly and unexpectedly
literally	adv: in the real or original meaning of a word or phrase; in a literal sense or way; not figuratively
desire	n: a strong feeling of wanting to have or do something
physics	n: the science of matter and energy and their interactions
logic	n: a way of thinking or reasoning conducted or evaluated by strict validity principles; the study of correct reasoning or good arguments
coral	n: a rock-like substance created in the sea by groupings of specific types of small animals, commonly used in jewelry
reef	n: a long chain or range of rocks or sand near the ocean’s surface
nutrient	n: any substance that is essential for the maintenance and growth of living things
trigger	v: to make something happen suddenly; to cause something such as a device, machine, etc. to function
economy	n: the system by which a country or region produces manages, and distributes goods and services, including the money and finances involved in these activities; (of an airline) the lowest-priced, most basic option for seating in commercial travel
arctic	adj: of or relating to the region around the North Pole or the Arctic Ocean; very cold
biome	n: a major ecological community characterized by particular plant and animal species adapted to a specific climate and geographic region, such as desert, tundra, or rainforest
predict	v: to state beforehand that something will happen in the future, mainly based on knowledge or experience
crossing	n: the act of going from one side to the other; a place where roads, railway tracks, or rivers intersect
surprisingly	adv: in a way that causes amazement or wonder
drama	n: a play in a theatre, television, or radio, or performance on a stage
absorb	v: to take in a fluid or other substance gradually
warn	v: to make someone aware of potential danger or difficulty, particularly one that may occur in the future
precarious	adj: not securely held or in position; dangerously unstable or uncertain; dependent on chance or uncertain conditions
sideline	n: a secondary or less significant job, interest, or activity; a line on the side of a sports field that players must stay behind; (verb) to remove someone from their position or role, often temporarily or as a result of a setback or failure
submarine	n: a type of underwater vehicle or vessel that can operate beneath the surface of the water; (adjective) beneath the surface of the sea
wetland	adj: land that is saturated with water, either permanently or seasonally, such as swamps, marshes, and bogs
unclear	adj: poorly stated or described and therefore not easy to understand; not easy to perceive
monsoon	n: a seasonal wind system that brings heavy rainfall to a region, typically occurring in tropical areas
rainforest	n: a forest rich in biodiversity that is generally found in tropical settings with heavy annual rainfall
nonlinear	adj: pertaining to a system or process that does not follow a straight or predictable path, often resulting in unexpected or unpredictable outcomes or behaviors
threaten	v: to utter intentions of injury or punishment against someone
extraordinary	adj: exceptional, unexpected, very unusual; surpassing the ordinary or usual
deleterious	adj: causing harm, damage, or injury; having a detrimental or destructive effect
catastrophic	adj: extremely harmful; causing physical or financial destruction
gentle	adj: having or showing a kindly or tender nature; soft and mild
standing	adj: existing or remaining upright; having a vertical position; (noun) social, financial, or professional status or reputation
foam	n: a mass of small air bubbles formed on the surface of a liquid; a substance that forms a lather when mixed with water
slippery	adj: difficult to hold firmly or stand on because it is wet or smooth; not to be trusted
fence	n: a structure, usually made of wood or metal, that encloses an area, typically for protection or to keep animals or people in or out; a dealer in stolen property
upstream	adj: in the direction against a stream’s current; (adverb) toward the source or beginning of a stream, river, or process
zone	n: a specific area, region, or section that is marked off or defined in some way
analyze	v: to think about in-depth and evaluate to discover essential features or meaning
aim	v: to try or plan to get or achieve something
minimize	v: to make something, especially something bad, small or less serious
process	n: a series of actions or operations performed to achieve a particular outcome or goal; a systematic procedure or approach used to accomplish a specific task or objective; a method of treating milk to make it suitable for consumption or use in other dairy products
steward	n: a person responsible for the management and care of another’s property or for the supervision of the domestic staff of a large household or organization; a person in charge of arranging for the supply of food to a college, club, etc.
advancement	n: the development, improvement, or progress of something
identify	v: to recognize someone or something and say or prove who or what they are
define	v: to state or explain precisely the nature, scope, or meaning of something
boundary	n: a real or imaginary line that marks the limit or extent of something and separates it from other things or places
operate	v: to work in a particular way; to supervise something
propose	v: to make a proposal, declare a plan for something
interconnect	v: to connect similar things
stratosphere	n: the second layer of the Earth’s atmosphere, extending from about 7 to 50 kilometers above the Earth’s surface, containing the ozone layer
ozone	n: a poisonous gas with the chemical formula O3, which has a strong smell
depletion	n: the reduction of something, especially a natural resource, to a critically low level
acidification	n: the act or process of becoming acid or making something become acid
large-scale	adj: involving many people or things and involving a lot of change or activity
paleolithic	adj: of or relating to the second period of the Stone Age, which represents almost the entire period of prehistoric human technology
variable	adj: likely to change or vary often; (noun) a symbol, like x or y, that is used in mathematical or logical expressions to represent a value that may be changed
hood	n: a covering for the head and neck, especially one attached to a garment
buffer	n: a device, material, or person that reduces the impact or effect of an external force or provides protection against harm or damage
interference	n: the act or process of getting involved in and trying to influence a specific situation; the state of being affected and influenced with
nitrogen	n: a chemical element with the symbol N and atomic number 7, which is a highly reactive element that forms part of many compounds, including amino acids and proteins
phosphorus	n: a chemical element with the symbol P and atomic number 15 that is a non-metallic, highly reactive, and luminescent element
cycle	n: an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs; a bicycle or motorcycle
freshwater	adj: living in, found in, or connecting with water that does not contain salt
biomass	n: the total quantity of living matter in a given unit of environment, including plants, animals, and microorganisms
sequester	v: to take temporary possession of someone’s property until a debt is paid.
diversity	n: the quality or fact of many different types of things or people being included in something; a range of different things or people
quantity	n: the amount or number of something; magnitude
pollution	n: the introduction of harmful substances or waste into the natural environment that causes adverse change
pollute	v: to make an area or substance, such as land, air, water, etc., dirty or harmful to living things by adding waste matter or harmful chemicals
sulfur	n: (also sulphur) a chemical element with the symbol S and atomic number 16, found in many minerals and sulfur compounds, often used in the production of fertilizers, rubber, paper, and other industrial applications
chemical	adj: relating to or connected with chemistry;
integrate	v: to combine one thing with another so that they form a whole or work together; to accept equal participation for members of all races and ethnic groups
complexity	n: the state or quality of being complicated or intricate and difficult to understand
indicate	v: to show, point out, or make known something, often through a sign or a symbol; to suggest or imply something without stating it directly
musket	n: a long, smoothbore gun used in warfare from the 16th to 19th centuries, typically fired from the shoulder and loaded through the muzzle
degrade	v: to make something worse, especially in quality; to show or treat someone in a way that makes them seem no value and do not have the respect or reasonable opinion of others
bang	v: to hit or cause to hit something in a way that makes a loud noise
equivalent	n: having the same value, quality, meaning, purpose, etc.
quantify	v: to express or measure something in numerical terms
dot	n: a very small circular mark, especially one that is printed
revolution	n: a large-scale attempt to overthrow the government of a country, often using violence or war;
atmosphere	n: the mass of air that surrounds the Earth; the pervading tone or mood of a place, situation, or creative work
biosphere	n: the part of the Earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms exist, including plants, animals, and microorganisms
naturally	adv: as might be expected; by natural manners
transgress	v: to break the law or moral code; to go beyond or exceed the limits or boundaries of something
estimate	v: to guess or calculate the cost, size, value, etc. of something
extinction	n: the complete disappearance of a species from the earth
dinosaur	n: a large extinct reptile, often with an armored back, long neck, tail, and bony plates on the skin
approaching	adj: drawing nearer in time or space; coming close to someone or something
overpower	v: to conquer or establish complete control over someone by using superior strength
straight	adj: extending or moving in one direction without bending or curving; having no deviations
highway	n: a main road, especially one connecting major towns or cities
gloomy	adj: characterized by a lack of light or sunshine, resulting in a dark or dim atmosphere; feeling despondent, dismal, or melancholy
utopia	n: an ideal and perfect society in which all social and political problems have been solved, and all members live in harmony and prosperity
innovative	adj: introducing or using new methods, ideas, etc.
gear	n: a toothed wheel that engages another toothed mechanism to change the speed or direction of transmitted motion; a set of tools, equipment, or other items for a particular purpose
moving	adj: causing strong emotions or feelings, especially sadness or sympathy
fundamental	adj: forming an essential base or core from which everything else develops or is affected
governance	n: the act or process of governing or managing a political, social, or economic entity; the systems or principles that guide such processes
command	n: authority, control, or mastery over something, often referring to military or leadership contexts; a directive, order, or instruction; expertise or confidence in a specific area; (verb) to give an authoritative order or instruction, or to be in charge or control of something
efficiency	n: the state or quality of doing something well with no waste of input such as time or money
optimize	v: to make the best or most effective use of something
flexible	adj: able to change or be changed to suit new conditions or situations; able to bend easily
adaptive	adj: capable of adjusting to new situations or changing conditions
redundancy	n: the state of being unnecessary, especially through being able to be replaced by something else
turbulent	adj: marked by a lot of sudden changes, confusion, or uncertainty; characterized by intense activity or agitation
invest	v: to put money, effort, time, etc. into something to make a profit or achieve a result
persistent	adj: continuing firmly or obstinately in the course of action despite difficulty or opposition; lasting or enduring without fading or being lost over time
ecology	n: the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment
withstand	v: to resist the effect or impact of something
shock	n: a strong feeling or physical reaction to a sudden and unexpected event or experience, especially something unpleasant
transformation	n: a complete change in form, nature, or appearance of someone or something
capability	n: the ability, skill, or competence to do something; the potential or aptitude for a particular task or function
adapt	v: to make fit for or change to suit a new purpose or environment
unavoidable	adj: impossible to avoid or evade; inevitable
shift	n: a slight transition in position, direction, or trend
applied	adj: of or relating to a subject of study, especially a science, that is used in a practical way
plow	n: a farming implement used for breaking up and turning over the soil, especially before planting; (verb) to turn over and break up the soil in preparation for planting crops
dead-end	n: a street or path that has no exit or outlet; a situation or circumstance that has no remaining options or potential for progress or success
yield	n: the total output of crops, profits, etc. that are produced; (verb) to produce or supply helpful something, such as a profit, an amount of food, or information
organic	adj: of or derived from biological substance; producing plants and animals for food and other items without the use of synthetic chemicals
livelihood	n: a means of earning money people need to pay for food, a place to live, clothing, etc.
entrepreneurship	n: the process or skill of starting and running a business, particularly a new and innovative one
partnership	n: the state of a cooperative relationship between people or groups, especially in business
combine	v: to join or merge to form a single thing or group
mulch	n: a protective covering, often made of organic materials such as wood chips, straw, or leaves, applied to the soil around plants to suppress weed growth, retain moisture, and provide insulation
locally	adv: in or to a specific or limited area or region; focused or restricted to a particular locality or community
tremendous	adj: very great in degree or extent or amount or impact; extremely good
barrier	n: a fence or other obstruction that makes it hard to move or get in; any condition that makes it difficult to make progress or to achieve an objective
realization	n: the act or process of understanding or becoming aware of something; the act of achieving or completing something that was planned or desired; the act of making something real or tangible
operator	n: a person who uses and controls machinery or equipment; a mathematical symbol used to perform calculations
fishery	n: an area of water where fish are caught in large quantities for living; a business or practice of catching and selling fish
doom	n: death, destruction, or some other terrible situation that cannot be avoided
regime	n: the organization, a system, or method that is the governing authority of a political unit
beautify	v: to enhance the physical appearance of something by making it more attractive or aesthetically pleasing; to make something more attractive or appealing in general
rack	n: a framework or support structure used to hold or display objects; a set of interconnected shelves or compartments used for storage; a source of torture, distress, or mental anguish
opportune	adj: suitable or happening at a time that is suitable or convenient for a particular purpose
mindset	n: the established set of attitudes or fixed ideas held by someone
strategy	n: a detailed plan of action designed to achieve a long-term or overall goal.
acknowledge	v: to accept or admit the existence, reality, or truth of something; to accept that someone or something has a particular authority or quality; to express obligation, thanks, or gratitude for someone’s help, commitment, etc.;
flood	n: a large amount of water flowing beyond its normal limits; an overwhelming number or amount
prone	adj: inclined or likely to do something or to show a particular characteristic, especially something bad; lying face downward
polluted	adj: contaminated with harmful or poisonous substances
nuisance	n: something or someone that causes annoyance, inconvenience, or discomfort; an unpleasant or irritating thing or person
urban	adj: relating to or located in a town or city
component	n: one of several parts that combines with others to form something bigger
massive	adj: enormous amount; very heavy and solid
fee	n: a sum of money charged for a particular service
sink	v: to submerge or go down below the surface of a liquid or substance; to decline or deteriorate; to cause something to go down into a liquid substance or sink into something else
expand	v: to increase or to make something greater in size, number, or importance
erode	v: to gradually wear away or break down (rock, soil, or other material) through the action of wind, water, or other natural agents; to gradually weaken or undermine (something) over time
consume	v: to spend something, especially fuel, energy, or time, in a large amount
vulnerable	adj: capable of being hurt or influenced physically or mentally
rainfall	n: the amount of rain that falls in a specific location at a particular moment
supplementary	adj: added to complete or enhance something; additional; subsidiary; complementary
irrigation	n: the agricultural practice of supplying land with water through pipes or channels so that crops grow well
drought	n: a long period of time during which there is very little or no rain, leading to a shortage of water and often causing damage to crops and other vegetation
sanitation	n: the process of maintaining a clean and hygienic environment, particularly in public health and safety contexts; the practice of disposing of waste products in a safe and appropriate manner
loop	n: a shape like a curve or a circle made by something long and thin, such as a piece of string, that bends round and crosses itself
toilet	n: a bowl-shaped plumbing fixture with a seat for defecation and urination, or a room or building containing one or more of this fixture
triple	adj: consisting of three items or people; three times as great or many
laureate	n: a person who has been awarded an honor or a prize for achievement in a particular field, especially in literature or academia; a poet who is honored for achieving the highest level of excellence in a competition or for producing a lifetime body of work
economics	n: the branch of social science that deals with the production, consumption, and transfer of goods and services
empirical	adj: based on or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic
govern	v: to legally control and direct a country, city, group of people, etc. and be responsible for introducing new laws, organizing and maintaining public services
commons	n: the House of Commons, which is one of the two houses of Parliament; a piece of land or an area set aside for public use, often used for recreation or grazing livestock; a shared or public resource
institutional	adj: of, in, or relating to a large important organization, such as a university or bank; organized as or forming part of the standard systems, practices, etc.
fossil	n: any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing that has become hard and turned into rock
dependence	n: the state or condition of relying or depending on someone or something else; a relationship in which one person or thing is influenced, controlled, or supported by another
emission	n: the act of production or sending out gas, heat, light, etc.
scheme	n: an organized and often large-scale plan or arrangement for doing something
tariff	n: a tax imposed by a government on imported or exported goods
offshore	adj: situated at or happening in the sea, not far from the shore or land; (of winds) coming from the land
guarantee	v: to promise something will happen formally, especially that certain conditions about a product, service, or transaction would be met
renewable	adj: capable of being renewed, extended, or replaced
subsidize	v: to pay part of the cost of something to support an organization, activity, etc. financially
electrify	v: to make a machine or system work by using electricity; to make someone extremely enthusiastic about or interested in something
poverty	n: the condition of being extremely poor
regard	v: to think about or consider somebody or something in a specified way
sector	n: a distinct part or division of something often used to refer to a segment of an economy or industry; an area or field of work or activity
stimming	n: a behavior often exhibited by individuals on the autism spectrum characterized by repetitive bodily movements or sounds, such as hand flapping or rocking, often used as a form of self-regulation or sensory stimulation
doubt	n: a feeling of being uncertain about something, especially about how good or accurate it is
thread	n: a fine cord of natural or synthetic fibers or filaments, such as cotton or nylon, used in sewing, knitting, or weaving; a series of connected messages or comments on a social media platform or online forum, often related to a particular topic; a sequence or line of events, ideas, or actions that are connected or related; (verb) to pass a thread through a needle or other small opening, in preparation for sewing or stitching
cast	v: to cause light or shadow to appear on a surface; to assing or choose someone such as an actor or representative, especially by selection process
backtrack	v: to retrace one’s steps; to return along a path that one has already traveled, often to correct a mistake or find lost items
increment	n: a regular increase in the amount of something, such as money; a process of becoming larger, longer, or more important
harsh	adj: severe and unkind; extremely tough and unpleasant to inhabit
industrialize	v: to organize the production of something into an industry
dramatic	adj: very sudden, very excellent, or full of action and excitement
achieve	v: to successfully complete a task or goal, often through hard work, perseverance, and dedication; to attain or accomplish something that one has set out to do
prosperous	adj: successful financially or materially; bringing success or good fortune
collaborate	v: to work with someone else to produce or achieve something
opt	v: to make a choice from a range of possibilities
finite	adj: having a limit or restriction of size, time, etc.