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All Words (279 Words)
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Advanced Words (56 Words)
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Word | Meaning | Advanced |
---|---|---|
excite | v: to make someone feel suddenly enthusiastic or eager | |
nightmare | n: a very frightening or unpleasant dream | |
sect | n: a group of people who follow a particular religious or philosophical belief system, especially one that is regarded as outside the norm or mainstream | |
climate | n: the weather in a particular location averaged over some long period | |
crisis | n: a time of great disagreement, confusion, or danger when problems must be resolved or critical decisions must be taken | |
qualify | v: to reach the standard or fulfill the requirement of ability or knowledge needed to do a particular job or receive a particular benefit or privilege | |
propose | v: to make a proposal, declare a plan for something | |
necessarily | adv: in an essential manner; in such a way as could not be otherwise | |
involve | v: to include or affect someone or something as a necessary part of something else | |
environment | n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live | |
movement | n: a group of people working together to achieve a shared goal, especially a political, social, or artistic one; the process of moving or being moved, physically or figuratively | |
launch | v: to send or propel something into the air or space using a device such as a rocket, missile, or spacecraft; to make something available or on sale for the first time | |
modern | adj: of or belonging to the present time or recent times | |
planet | n: any of the nine large celestial bodies that circle in the solar system; any celestial body that revolves around a star | |
confirm | v: to support or establish the truth or certainty of something previously believed or suspected to be the case | |
essential | adj: indispensable; fundamental | |
illustrate | v: to provide pictures, photographs, diagrams, etc. in a book or something for explanation | |
vast | adj: enormous in size, number, amount, or quantity | |
limitless | adj: without end, limit, or boundary; infinite | |
expanse | n: a substance, such as water or oil, that flows freely and is neither a solid nor a gas | |
shell | n: hard outer covering or case of eggs, nuts, some seeds, and some animals | |
atmosphere | n: the mass of air that surrounds the Earth; the pervading tone or mood of a place, situation, or creative work | |
surrounding | adj: that is near or around, or closely encircling something | |
sewer | n: an underground system of pipes used to carry away sewage and wastewater | |
industrial | adj: of or relating to or resulting from industry | |
spew | v: to eject forcefully and abundantly; to flow out rapidly and in large amounts | |
trap | n: a piece of equipment or hole for catching animals or people; (verb) to catch animals or people and prevent them from escaping | |
pollution | n: the introduction of harmful substances or waste into the natural environment that causes adverse change | |
greenhouse | n: a building with walls and roof made chiefly of transparent material, such as glass, for growing plants in | |
agriculture | n: the practice or science of cultivating the land or raising stock | |
diet | n: the food and drink that a person, animal, or community eats and drinks regularly; a legislative assembly in certain countries, for example, Japan | |
transport | n: a system for moving people or products from one location to another using automobiles, roads, and so on | |
melt | v: to turn from something solid into something soft or liquid as a result of heating | |
permafrost | n: a layer of soil that is permanently below freezing, usually in polar regions | |
rely | v: to require a specific thing or the assistance and support of someone or something to continue, run properly, or succeed. | |
carbon | n: a chemical element that can be found in pure form as diamond or graphite, and it is also an essential part of coal and oil and is found in all plants and animals | |
fuel | n: a substance that is typically burned to generate heat or energy | |
emission | n: the act of production or sending out gas, heat, light, etc. | |
accelerate | v: to make something faster or earlier; to cause to develop or progress more quickly | |
accumulate | v: to collect or acquire a large number of things over a long period of time | |
human-made | adj: created or produced by humans; artificial | |
release | v: to set free or allow to escape from confinement | |
atomic | adj: of or relating to atom (= the smallest component of an element) | |
bomb | n: a weapon that explodes and is used to kill or injure people or to cause damage to something | |
explode | v: to burst or break open violently and noisily; to cause something to burst or break open | |
conservative | adj: holding traditional views and values and opposed to change or innovation | |
explosion | n: a violent release induced by a chemical or nuclear reaction | |
multiply | v: to add a number to itself a specified number of times; to increase or cause to increase very much in number or quantity | |
depict | v: to illustrate someone or something in a photograph | |
norm | n: something that is regarded as usual, typical, or standard | |
distribute | v: to give something to a large number of individuals, or to spread or furnish something | |
temperature | n: the degree of hotness or coldness of a thing or place | |
represent | v: to speak, act, or be present on behalf of another person or group; to form or constitute | |
arbitrary | adj: based on chance, or individual whim rather than any reason | |
curve | n: a bend or angle in a line or surface that deviates from a straight or flat path; a gradual or smooth change in direction or shape | |
statistics | n: the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data | |
shift | n: a slight transition in position, direction, or trend | |
numerous | adj: amounting to a large indefinite number | |
instrument | n: an object used to make musical sounds, such as a piano, guitar, or drum; a tool or device used for a specific activity, particularly in specialist or scientific work | |
row | n: an arrangement of objects or people side by side in a line; (verb) to propel a boat through the water using oars | |
degree | n: a unit of measurement for angles, temperature, or level of proficiency or achievement; a rank or level of academic or professional attainment | |
ecosystem | n: all the plants and living creatures in an area and the way they affect each other and the environment | |
basis | n: the most important facts, ideas, or events from which something is developed; the way how things are organized or arranged | |
buildup | n: the accumulation or increase of something over time | |
precise | adj: sharply exact or accurate or delimited | |
depth | n: the distance between the top and bottom of something; between the top surface and a distance below it | |
consequence | n: the outcome of a particular action or event, especially relative to an individual | |
typhoon | n: a tropical storm with strong winds and heavy rain, typically occurring in the western Pacific Ocean | |
pacific | adj: peaceful in character or intent; tending to lessen or avoid conflict; calm or soothing in manner or tone; (noun, as “Pacific”) the largest and deepest of Earth’s oceanic divisions | |
slam | v: to shut a door or window noisily; to strike something violently or noisily | |
destructive | adj: causing or able to cause tremendous and irreparable damage | |
landfall | n: the arrival or touching down of a ship, aircraft, or meteor on land after a voyage or journey; the first sighting or approach of land from the sea | |
papal | adj: relating to the pope (= the head of the Roman Catholic Church) or the Roman Catholic Church | |
superstorm | n: an extremely large and powerful storm, typically characterized by high winds, heavy rain or snow, or destructive storm surges | |
sandy | adj: covered with or containing sand; (especially of hair color) pale yellowish to yellowish brown | |
Atlantic | adj: relating to or located near the Atlantic Ocean, which is the second-largest ocean on Earth, located between the continents of North and South America to the west and Europe and Africa to the east | |
jersey | n: a knitted garment typically made of wool or cotton, worn as a shirt or pullover | |
evaporate | v: to turn a liquid into a gas; to become less intense and disappear gradually | |
vapor | n: a mass of tiny liquid drops in the air | |
humidity | n: the amount of water vapor in the air, typically as a percentage of the maximum that the air could hold at that temperature | |
atmospheric | adj: about or located in the earth’s atmosphere | |
funnel | n: a tube or pipe that is wide at the top, sloping sides, narrow at the bottom, used for pouring liquids or powders into a small opening; a smokestack on a ship or steam engine | |
trigger | v: to make something happen suddenly; to cause something such as a device, machine, etc. to function | |
massive | adj: enormous amount; very heavy and solid | |
downpour | n: a heavy rain that often starts suddenly | |
splash | v: to cause liquid to scatter in irregular drops, especially with force | |
gallon | n: a unit for measuring volume, in the US, it is equal to about 3.79 liters, and in the UK, Canada, and other countries, it is equal to about 4.55 liters | |
paralyze | v: to cause a person or part of the body to become unable to move or feel | |
historic | adj: famous or significant in history, or potentially so | |
flood | n: a large amount of water flowing beyond its normal limits; an overwhelming number or amount | |
mudslide | n: a natural disaster in which a large amount of mud, rocks, and debris slide uncontrollably down a steep slope | |
warehouse | n: a large building for storing goods and merchandise, especially before they are sold, used, or sent out to shops | |
hike | n: a long walk or journey, especially for pleasure or exercise; an increase in cost | |
revelation | n: a fact that has been disclosed to others, especially a surprising one; the act of revealing or telling the fact or truth to others; communication of knowledge to humans by a divine or supernatural agency | |
insure | v: to provide coverage in the event of loss or damage | |
industrious | adj: hardworking, diligent, and persistent in effort | |
mount | v: to increase, go up, or advance gradually or continuously; to prepare and supply with the necessary equipment for execution or performance; to ride on something or someone | |
illusion | n: a false idea or belief, especially about somebody or about a situation | |
causal | adj: relating to or indicating a cause or the relationship between causes and effects; resulting from a cause | |
discuss | v: to talk about or examine in detail through conversation or debate; to exchange ideas, opinions, or information on a particular topic | |
linear | adj: of, relating to, or consisting of lines or length; able to be expressed as a straight line, especially on a graph | |
systemic | adj: affecting or related to the whole of something, especially the human body or a society | |
causation | n: the action or relationship between an event or action and its effect or consequence; the explanation for why something happens | |
soil | n: the top layer of Earth in which plants grow | |
moisture | n: small amounts of liquid, especially water, that are present in or absorbed by a substance | |
pervasive | adj: spreading or existing throughout every part of a thing or place | |
drought | n: a long period of time during which there is very little or no rain, leading to a shortage of water and often causing damage to crops and other vegetation | |
underway | adj: having started and currently in progress | |
vegetation | n: plants in general, particularly those indigenous to a particular region or spot | |
lightning | n: a flash, or several flashes, of light that accompanies an electric discharge in the atmosphere, or something resembling such a flash | |
addition | n: the act or process of adding something to something else; the process of adding numbers | |
relate | v: to establish a connection or association between two or more things; to narrate or tell about an event, experience, or relationship; to empathize or feel sympathy with someone or something | |
disaster | n: an unexpected event or series of events that cause widespread damage, destruction, or loss of life | |
geopolitical | adj: of or relating to political activity or relations between countries and groups of countries, as influenced by the physical features of a country or area | |
instability | n: the state of being unstable or uncertain and likely to change suddenly | |
destroy | v: to ruin or damage severely or completely; to eradicate or eliminate completely | |
livestock | n: farm animals and birds such as cows, sheep, and chickens | |
refugee | n: a displaced person who has crossed national borders and who cannot or is unwilling to return home due to political, religious, or economic reasons or because of a war | |
collide | v: to hit something violently when moving | |
hell | n: the place thought to be where bad people go and are punished after death, often depicted as being located beneath the earth; an extraordinarily unpleasant or difficult place | |
defend | v: to protect someone or something from attack, criticism, danger, etc. | |
warn | v: to make someone aware of potential danger or difficulty, particularly one that may occur in the future | |
pandemic | n: an outbreak of a disease that affects many people over a very wide area | |
disease | n: a disorder or illness that affects the body or mind, often characterized by specific symptoms or abnormal functioning of organs or systems | |
microbe | n: a tiny living thing that can only be seen with a microscope and that may cause disease | |
latitude | n: the distance of a place north or south of the earth’s equator, measured in degrees; freedom from normal restraints in conduct | |
revolution | n: a large-scale attempt to overthrow the government of a country, often using violence or war; | |
endemic | adj: (of a disease or other problem) regularly found among particular people or in a certain area | |
vector | n: a quantity that has both magnitude and direction, often used in mathematics, physics, and engineering to describe forces, velocities, or other physical phenomena; any agent (person or animal, or microorganism) that carries and transmits a disease | |
mosquito | n: a small flying insect whose female bites people and animals and sucks their blood, and sometimes transmits serious diseases such as malaria | |
tick | n: a light, sharp, repetitive sound or action; a mark indicating that something is correct or has been done; any of two families of small parasitic arachnids with barbed proboscis | |
epidemic | n: the widespread outbreak of a particular disease in a large number of people at the same time | |
pregnant | adj: having a baby or young animal developing in the uterus | |
lancet | n: a sharp, pointed surgical instrument used for making incisions or punctures, typically in medical procedures | |
medical | adj: relating to the treatment of illness or injuries; relating to the practice of medicine | |
journal | n: a newspaper or magazine specialized in a specific topic or profession | |
label | n: a small piece of paper, fabric, or other material attached to an object and giving information about it; (verb) to assign to a category | |
emergency | n: a sudden unforeseen crisis usually involving danger that requires immediate action | |
extinction | n: the complete disappearance of a species from the earth | |
pole | n: one of two antipodal points where the Earth’s axis of rotation intersects the Earth’s surface; a long, slender, rounded rod, typically of wood or metal, used as a support or to hang something | |
thaw | v: to become less rigid or hostile; to melt, soften, or become more friendly | |
polar | adj: relating to, or close to, the North or South Pole; characterized by complete opposites | |
arctic | adj: of or relating to the region around the North Pole or the Arctic Ocean; very cold | |
photograph | n: a picture or image that is produced by a camera; a visual representation or record of a person, object, or scene that has been captured electronically or on film | |
asset | n: something or someone that is useful or valuable quality, skill, etc.; valuable property | |
trillion | n: the number 1,000,000,000,000; a million million | |
tide | n: the cyclical rise and fall of sea level caused by the moon’s gravitational pull | |
fort | n: a military structure designed to be defended from attack | |
regularly | adv: at regular intervals or times | |
mayor | n: an elected official who presides over a city or town government | |
lens | n: a transparent optical device with curved sides, used in an optical instrument that makes objects seem larger, smaller, clearer, etc.; (metaphor) the basic thoughts or mindsets through which someone sees or understands the environment or situation | |
republican | n: a person who supports or advocates for a particular form of government, typically one that has an elected head of state rather than a monarch; a member or supporter of the Republican Party in the United States | |
courage | n: the ability to face danger, difficulty, uncertainty, or pain without being overcome by fear or despair; the quality of being brave or courageous | |
aspect | n: one part or feature of a situation, problem, subject, etc. | |
mention | v: to speak or write about something or someone briefly | |
enormous | adj: extremely large or great | |
burden | n: a duty, responsibility, etc. that is oppressive or worrisome; a load, typically a heavy one that is difficult to carry | |
economy | n: the system by which a country or region produces manages, and distributes goods and services, including the money and finances involved in these activities; (of an airline) the lowest-priced, most basic option for seating in commercial travel | |
survey | n: an investigation of the opinions, behavior, etc. of a particular group of people, made by asking people questions | |
economical | adj: providing a satisfactory return on the money, time, or effort; not using more money, fuel, etc. than necessary | |
reserve | v: to keep something for future use or contingency; to obtain or arrange something, such as a meeting, seat, etc., in advance | |
subprime | adj: of or relating to financial loans, particularly mortgages, which are made to individuals with poor credit histories or limited income, often associated with higher interest rates and a greater risk of default | |
mortgage | n: a loan secured by the collateral of a specific property, such as a house, that is repaid over a set period of time with interest; the legal agreement governing this loan | |
quantity | n: the amount or number of something; magnitude | |
agency | n: an organization or business that is responsible for specific activities or services, especially when representing other organizations or businesses; the capacity or power to act or exert influence; the ability to make decisions and take action | |
divest | v: to strip or rid oneself of something; to deprive or dispossess someone of a possession, title, or right | |
practical | adj: of or connected with actual use or real situation rather than with theory and ideas | |
moral | adj: concerned with the principles of what is right and wrong, fairness, honesty, etc. | |
imperative | adj: very important or requiring attention or action | |
exciting | adj: causing a lot of interest or excitement | |
install | v: to fix furniture, a machine, or a piece of equipment into position so that it can be used; put into an office or a position | |
watt | n: a standard unit for measuring electrical power | |
exponential | adj: becoming more and more rapid; of or involving mathematical exponents | |
installation | n: the act or process of fixing furniture, a machine, or a piece of equipment into position so that it can be used; the act or process of putting into an office or a position | |
dramatically | adv: in a very impressive manner | |
powerhouse | n: an electrical generating station; a person, organization, or thing that is extremely successful or influential | |
renewable | adj: capable of being renewed, extended, or replaced | |
storage | n: the act or process of putting in and keeping something in a particular place for use in the future; an electronic memory device that can store information | |
battery | n: a device that is placed inside a car, gadget, equipment, etc. and that provides electrical power to them | |
intermittent | adj: occurring at irregular intervals; not continuous or steady; stopping and starting periodically; sporadic | |
prevail | v: to be common, widespread, or frequent; to be the strongest or most powerful | |
steep | adj: having a sharp inclination or slope | |
dramatic | adj: very sudden, very excellent, or full of action and excitement | |
revolutionary | adj: relating to or characterized by a complete or dramatic change | |
breakthrough | n: a sudden, dramatic, and important discovery or development that helps to improve a situation or provide an answer to a problem | |
emergence | n: the process or fact of coming into existence or becoming apparent | |
communal | adj: belonging to or used by a group rather than individuals; for common use | |
grid | n: a pattern of regularly spaced horizontal and vertical lines; a system of high tension cables by which electrical power is distributed throughout a region | |
parity | n: the state or condition of being equal, especially in status or payment | |
penetration | n: the act or process of penetrating or entering something, often forcefully or with difficulty; the depth or extent to which something has been entered or understood | |
threshold | n: the floor or ground that forms the bottom of a doorway and offers support when passing through a doorway; the smallest detectable sensation | |
electrify | v: to make a machine or system work by using electricity; to make someone extremely enthusiastic about or interested in something | |
fossil | n: any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing that has become hard and turned into rock | |
liquid | n: a substance, such as water or oil that flows freely and is neither a solid nor a gas | |
opportune | adj: suitable or happening at a time that is suitable or convenient for a particular purpose | |
invest | v: to put money, effort, time, etc. into something to make a profit or achieve a result | |
sector | n: a distinct part or division of something often used to refer to a segment of an economy or industry; an area or field of work or activity | |
surpass | v: to be or do better than someone or something; to excel or go beyond the limits or standards of something | |
gap | n: a conspicuous disparity or difference separates something such as a figure, people, their opinions, situation, etc. | |
subsidize | v: to pay part of the cost of something to support an organization, activity, etc. financially | |
nuclear | adj: of or relating to or constituting the nucleus of an atom; deriving destructive energy from the release of atomic energy | |
assume | v: to think or accept something to be true without having proof of it; to take or begin to have power; to begin to exhibit a specific quality or appearance | |
affordable | adj: not expensive and able to pay | |
precedent | n: a previous event or action that serves as an example or rule to authorize or justify similar events or actions in the future | |
adoption | n: the action or fact of legally taking another’s child as one’s own; the act of accepting with approval | |
commit | v: to do something illegal or wrong | |
clunky | adj: heavy, awkward, and old-fashioned; not graceful and clumsy in style, form, or movement | |
balance | n: a condition in which everything has the same weight or force; something left after other parts have been taken away | |
landline | n: a telephone line that transmits and receives signals through a physical wire or cable network, as opposed to a cellular or satellite connection | |
leap | v: to jump or spring into the air, often with the feet leaving the ground or a surface below; to move quickly or suddenly, often forward or upward | |
expansion | n: the process of becoming larger or more extensive, or the result of this process | |
develop | v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created | |
county | n: an administrative division of a country or state, typically one of several comprising a larger division | |
panel | n: a square or rectangular and flat piece of something that forms a distinct section or component of something; a small group of specialists who discuss particular topics or give their advice or opinion about something | |
hut | n: a small, simple, and often crude shelter or dwelling, typically made of natural materials such as wood or mud | |
fin | n: a thin flat part on the body of a fish or other aquatic animal used for propulsion or balance | |
microcredit | n: small loans, typically less than $50,000, given to individuals or groups, particularly those who lack access to traditional banking services, to start or expand small businesses or other income-generating activities | |
deploy | v: to move troops or weapons into a position or military action; to bring into something in an effective way | |
firm | adj: resolute or unwavering in decision-making or action; strong or secure in structure, make, or composition; reliable, trustworthy, or dependable; (noun) a business or company | |
provision | n: the act of providing or supplying something; a clause in a document or law that specifies a particular requirement or condition | |
bind | v: to tie or fasten someone or something tightly with rope, string, etc. so that they cannot move or are held together strongly | |
nation | n: a large organized community of people living in a particular country or region and having a particular culture | |
announce | v: to make something known or officially inform people about something | |
adopt | v: to choose to follow something; to legally take a child from another family and care for them as if they were one’s own | |
nationwide | adj: extending throughout an entire nation | |
union | n: a group of employees who have banded together to advocate for their rights and better their working conditions; the act or the state of joining together or being joined together | |
coal | n: a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock that is found below the ground and burnt to produce heat | |
cancel | v: to decide that a previously scheduled activity will not take place | |
retire | v: to withdraw from one’s position or occupation, especially because of age | |
retirement | n: the fact or act of stopping working and leaving one’s job | |
quarter | n: one of four equal parts; a fourth part or portion | |
insist | v: to say something clearly or demand something forcefully, especially when other people disagree with or oppose what you say | |
march | v: to walk militarily with stiff, regular steps | |
session | n: a formal meeting or series of meetings for the execution of a particular group’s functions; a period spent doing a particular activity | |
optimistic | adj: hoping or expecting that good thing will happen or something will be successful | |
proposal | n: a formal suggestion or offer, sometimes a written one | |
president | n: the leader of a republic, for example, the US; the person in charge of the organization such as a company, university, club, etc. | |
reckless | adj: marked by a lack of care about danger and the likely results of your actions | |
cheer | v: to give a loud shout to show support, praise, or approval | |
engineer | n: a person whose job is designing, building, or maintaining something such as machines, structures, or software | |
tradition | n: a belief, custom, or way of doing something that has been passed down from generation to generation within a group or society | |
poet | n: a person who writes poetry | |
abolitionist | n: a person who advocates for the abolition (the act of doing away with something) of slavery or some other practice considered unjust | |
suffrage | n: the right to vote in political elections; the exercise of voting rights or the process of obtaining them | |
endless | adj: having no end or conclusion; infinitely very large in size or amount | |
apartheid | n: a system of racial segregation and discrimination that was enforced in South Africa from 1948 to 1994; any similar system of discrimination or segregation based on race, ethnicity, or other factors | |
gay | adj: homosexual; happy, carefree | |
lesbian | n: a woman who is attracted romantically and sexually to other women | |
ultimate | adj: furthest or highest in degree or order | |
resolve | v: to find a suitable answer to the problems or difficulty | |
binary | n: a system of numbers that uses only two digits, 0 and 1 | |
outcome | n: the result or effect of an action, event, etc. | |
ordain | v: to officially declare or establish something with authority or divine power; to confer holy orders upon someone for religious service | |
doubt | n: a feeling of being uncertain about something, especially about how good or accurate it is | |
incredible | adj: unbelievable; enormous | |
combination | n: a collection of things that have been combined; an assemblage of separate parts or qualities | |
vivid | adj: producing very clear, powerful, and detailed images in the mind | |
amazing | adj: extremely surprising, especially in a way that you like or admire | |
gore | v: to pierce with a sharp object, causing injury or death; (noun) coagulated blood from a wound | |
incredibly | adv: in a way that is very difficult to believe; exceedingly or extremely | |
patient | n: a person who is receiving medical treatment, care, or attention from a healthcare professional, such as a doctor, nurse, or therapist; a personal quality or characteristic | |
communicate | v: to share or exchange information with others by speaking, writing, moving your body, or using other signals | |
terrifying | adj: very frightening or intimidating | |
graph | n: a picture consisting of a line, lines, points, etc., that shows how two or more sets of certain quantities are related to each other | |
progression | n: the act or process of changing to the next stage or phase or moving forward | |
apparently | adv: based on what you have heard or read | |
incumbent | n: a person who currently holds a particular position or job, especially in politics or public office; a duty or obligation that is required as part of a particular role or job | |
phrase | n: a group of words that mean something specific when used together | |
solar | adj: of, from, or relating to the sun | |
singularity | n: (of black holes) a point or region in space-time where the gravitational field is infinite, and matter and energy are infinitely dense; the state, fact, quality, or condition of being one of a kind | |
default | v: to fail to fulfill an obligation or pay a debt when it is due; to fail to meet expectations or perform as required; to choose or accept a predetermined option or condition without making a deliberate selection or choice; (noun) the pre-set or automatic settings that a system or program uses when the user has selected no other options | |
jitney | n: a small bus or van used for transportation, often operating on a fixed route and charging a low fare | |
chairperson | n: the officer who presides over organization meetings | |
enlist | v: to sign up to serve in the military or a particular organization | |
defeat | v: to win against somebody in a fight, war, or attempt | |
corny | adj: overly sentimental or trite; lacking in originality or creativity; trying too hard to be funny or endearing | |
cliche | n: a phrase or expression that has become overused to the point that it has lost its original impact or meaning; a trite or unoriginal idea or statement | |
refer | v: to direct someone’s attention, thoughts, or questions to another source or person; to mention, cite, or allude to something as evidence or support | |
kick-start | v: to start something by providing an initial burst of energy or enthusiasm |