Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (245 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (56 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
apparently	adv: based on what you have heard or read
convince	v: to persuade someone or make someone believe that something is true
arrow	n: a thin, pointed projectile designed to be shot from a bow; a symbol or pointer that is shaped like an arrow
fundamental	adj: forming an essential base or core from which everything else develops or is affected
upbeat	adj: positive, optimistic, or enthusiastic in attitude or outlook; having a lively or energetic rhythm or tempo, especially in music
cartoon	n: a simple drawing depicting a humorous or critical situation, often accompanied by a caption
trigger	v: to make something happen suddenly; to cause something such as a device, machine, etc. to function
riot	n: a violent disturbance of the peace by a crowd, characterized by destruction of property, looting, arson, and attacks on individuals
avian	adj: relating to or characteristic of birds
influenza	n: (formal for flu) a highly contagious viral disease that causes fever, severe aching, and catarrh and often occurs in epidemics
elect	v: to choose someone for a specific position by voting for them; to decide or choose to do something
elicit	v: to obtain information or a reaction from someone, usually with difficulty
countermeasure	n: an action taken to counter or offset another action
apocalyptic	adj: describing severe damage and destruction in past or future events, or the end of the world
unfold	v: to open up or spread out something that is folded or rolled up; to reveal or disclose something that was previously hidden or unknown
warn	v: to make someone aware of potential danger or difficulty, particularly one that may occur in the future
worldview	n: a particular philosophy or cognitive orientation of life or conception of the world
subtle	adj: not readily apparent or visible
elusive	adj: difficult to find, define, achieve, or remember
uplift	n: the process of raising land to a higher elevation, or the result of this process; (verb) fill with high spirits
inspiring	adj: stimulating and motivating you to want to do something
grim	adj: looking or sounding very serious or gloomy
dimension	n: a measurable extent of a particular kind, such as width, height, or length
inspiration	n: something that motivates or encourages someone to create or achieve something, or a feeling of excitement or creativity
contradiction	n: the assertion of the opposite of what has been said; opposition; denial
succeed	v: to accomplish or achieve a desired or intended result or goal; to prosper or attain success in a given field or endeavor
claim	v: to assert that something is true; to demand or request something as one’s own; to lay legal or moral right to something; (noun) a demand or assertion of a right or something that one believes to be true
controversial	adj: causing a lot of hot public discussion and dispute
structure	n: the way of construction of something and the arrangement of its parts, or a complex thing constructed of many parts
complexity	n: the state or quality of being complicated or intricate and difficult to understand
sustain	v: to supply enough of what somebody or something needs to survive or exist; to accept as valid
standing	adj: existing or remaining upright; having a vertical position; (noun) social, financial, or professional status or reputation
trend	n: a general direction in which something is changing or developing
predate	v: to have existed or happened earlier than something
biology	n: the scientific study of life and the natural processes of living things
evolution	n: a gradual process of transformation of living things
encase	v: to enclose or cover something in a protective or decorative layer
eventually	adv: finally, particularly after a long time or a lot of struggle, complications, and so on
multicellular	adj: characterized by the presence of multiple or many cells, as opposed to unicellular (having only one cell)
organism	n: a tiny living thing
amazing	adj: extremely surprising, especially in a way that you like or admire
launch	v: to send or propel something into the air or space using a device such as a rocket, missile, or spacecraft; to make something available or on sale for the first time
trajectory	n: the curved path followed by an object moving through space
meme	n: a cultural idea, value, or pattern of behavior that is passed from one generation to another by imitation rather than genetic means; (as an Internet meme) an image, a video, a piece of text, etc. that is remixed, copied, and circulated in a shared cultural experience online
ax	n: a tool with a metal blade that is usually attached to a wooden handle and is used for chopping wood or other materials
stick	v: to put something, usually a sharp object, into something; to restrict yourself to doing or using one certain thing and not change; (noun) a thin piece of wood or other material
absolutely	adv: without restriction or limitation; completely or utterly
delight	n: a feeling of great pleasure or happiness
impressive	adj: arousing admiration due to size, quality, or skill
technological	adj: based on scientific and industrial progress
progressive	adj: relating to or supporting development or advancement, especially social or political one
armament	n: weapons and other military equipment that a country or organization possesses or maintains for defense or offense
mere	adj: used to emphasize how insignificant or minor someone or something is
quarter	n: one of four equal parts; a fourth part or portion
transition	n: the process or period of changing from one state or circumstance to another
threaten	v: to utter intentions of injury or punishment against someone
collapse	v: to fall down or give way suddenly, often after breaking apart
organization	n: a group of people who work together for a shared purpose
brink	n: the point at which something is about to happen; the edge of a steep place
origin	n: the first existence or beginning of something
hunt	v: to go after and try to catch wild animals to kill them for food, sport, or profit
remnant	n: a small remaining quantity of something, considered separately from what has been lost or destroyed; a surviving piece or fragment of something
chief	adj: most important or primary; (noun) a person who is in charge
invention	n: the creation of a new device or process resulting from study and experimentation; the act of inventing
agriculture	n: the practice or science of cultivating the land or raising stock
polity	n: a form or system of government or administration; a political organization or entity
writ	n: a written legal order or command
blur	n: a faint or indistinct image or sound; something that is not clear or distinct; (verb) to become unclear; to lose clear vision
organic	adj: of or derived from biological substance; producing plants and animals for food and other items without the use of synthetic chemicals
empire	n: a group of countries ruled by one leader or government
transcend	v: to rise above or go beyond the limits of something
bound	v: to move forward by leaps and bounds; to form the boundary of something
silk	n: a fine, strong, soft, lustrous fiber produced by silkworms in making cocoons and collected to make thread and fabric
span	n: the entire length of something, such as time or space from beginning to end; the amount of space that something covers
continent	n: one of the earth’s large landmasses; (adjective) abstaining from your feelings, especially your desire to have sex
similarly	adv: in almost the same way
nation	n: a large organized community of people living in a particular country or region and having a particular culture
statistics	n: the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data
obvious	adj: easy to see, discover or understand
collaboration	n: the act or situation of working together to create or produce something
convey	v: to express ideas, feelings, etc. so that it is known or understood by other people; to carry something from one place to another
integrate	v: to combine one thing with another so that they form a whole or work together; to accept equal participation for members of all races and ethnic groups
refer	v: to direct someone’s attention, thoughts, or questions to another source or person; to mention, cite, or allude to something as evidence or support
assign	v: to give a specific job or piece of work to a someone
distinction	n: a difference or contrast between similar things or people
zero-sum	adj: referring to a situation in which an equal loss offsets each gain; describing a condition in which the total gains and losses balance to zero
correlation	n: a statistical relationship between two variables in which one variable is affected by the other; a reciprocal relation between two or more facts, numbers, etc.
inverse	adj: opposite in order, nature, or effect; reversed; reciprocal
realm	n: a domain of activity, interest, or knowledge
economics	n: the branch of social science that deals with the production, consumption, and transfer of goods and services
cooperation	n: the act or situation of working together with someone towards a shared purpose, benefit, etc.
argument	n: a set of statements or reasons used to support or refute a proposition or theory; a verbal or physical fight or dispute
facilitate	v: to make something easier or more likely to happen
encourage	v: to give someone support, confidence, or hope; to persuade someone to do or continue to do something by making it easier for them and making them believe it is a good thing to do
involve	v: to include or affect someone or something as a necessary part of something else
territory	n: an area under the control of a ruler or state
adapt	v: to make fit for or change to suit a new purpose or environment
accommodate	v: to provide someone with a place to live or to be stored in; to make fit for or to change to suit a new purpose
possibility	n: a chance that something may happen or be true
harness	v: to control and exploit the power of something, especially natural resources that produce energy; (noun) a set of narrow pieces of leather and metal that are used to control or hold in place a person, animal, or object
productive	adj: resulting in or making a lot or a significant amount of something, especially something of value
contribute	v: to give something, especially money or goods, to provide or achieve something together with other people
manufacture	v: to make goods in large numbers, usually in a factory using machines
intrinsically	adv: from the inherent nature or quality of something or arising from within
deny	v: to state that one refuses to admit the existence or truth of something
existence	n: the state or fact of someone or something existing
inequality	n: the unfairness of a society in which some people have more opportunity, money, etc. than others; (mathematics) relation between two values when they are different
exploitation	n: the process of making some area of land or water more profitable or productive or useful
fortune	n: a large amount of money or property; chance or luck as an unknown and arbitrary force affecting human affairs
correlate	v: to have a connection or relationship in which one thing affects or depends on another
necessarily	adv: in an essential manner; in such a way as could not be otherwise
predict	v: to state beforehand that something will happen in the future, mainly based on knowledge or experience
outcome	n: the result or effect of an action, event, etc.
balance	n: a condition in which everything has the same weight or force; something left after other parts have been taken away
lose-lose	adj: a situation or outcome that is unfavorable or unsatisfactory for all parties involved; a scenario where no one wins or benefits, often implying a mutual disadvantage or loss
depart	v: to go away or leave, especially to start a journey
testament	n: a thing that proves the existence or truth of something else
amaze	v: to fill with wonder, surprise, or admiration
moral	adj: concerned with the principles of what is right and wrong, fairness, honesty, etc.
progression	n: the act or process of changing to the next stage or phase or moving forward
subhuman	adj: less than human in nature, quality, or dignity; regarded as inferior to or unworthy of being fully human
revolution	n: a large-scale attempt to overthrow the government of a country, often using violence or war;
decide	v: to make up someone’s mind about something; to come to a conclusion or judgment after considering options
deserve	v: to be worthy of or entitled to something, especially something good or valuable
creditor	n: a person, company, etc. to whom a debtor owes money
decent	adj: satisfactory, acceptable, or good in a general sense
horrendous	adj: causing horror, shock, or a feeling of extreme disgust; extremely unpleasant or terrifying
regardless	adv: not paying attention or considering something or someone even if the situation is bad or there are difficulties
religion	n: a deep conviction in a supernatural power that controls human destiny
ancient	adj: relating to the long ago, particularly the historical period preceding the fall of the Western Roman Empire; very old
prevalent	adj: existing very commonly in a particular area or in a specific time
attribute	v: to say or regard that something is the result of a particular thing; (noun) a quality or feature that someone or something possesses;
dynamic	adj: having a lot of energy, ideas, and enthusiasm, and a strong personality; of or relating to dynamics (= the branch of physics and engineering concerned with the forces that cause motions of bodies)
tolerance	n: the willingness to accept or tolerate something, especially something that is different or unpleasant
nationality	n: the legal status or right of belonging to a particular country
ethnicity	n: the cultural characteristics of a particular group, such as language, religion, and traditions, that distinguish them from other groups
bomb	n: a weapon that explodes and is used to kill or injure people or to cause damage to something
relation	n: the way two persons or groups of people feel and act toward one another
extent	n: the point or degree or area to which something extends
welfare	n: the general health, happiness, and prosperous of a person or group
posit	v: to suggest or accept something as fact or as a basis for argument or consideration
morality	n: principles of right and evil or good and bad behavior
unfortunately	adv: by bad luck; unluckily
Atlantic	adj: relating to or located near the Atlantic Ocean, which is the second-largest ocean on Earth, located between the continents of North and South America to the west and Europe and Africa to the east
assume	v: to think or accept something to be true without having proof of it; to take or begin to have power; to begin to exhibit a specific quality or appearance
expression	n: the act of conveying thoughts, feelings, or ideas using words, facial expressions, body language, or art; a look or gesture that conveys a particular emotion or mood
bigotry	n: intolerance toward those who hold different opinions from oneself
racial	adj: of or related to the race (= classification of humans into groups based on physical traits or social relations)
ethnic	adj: relating or belonging to a group of people who share a cultural tradition
capitalism	n: an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit
construct	v: to build or create something; to assemble or combine different parts to form something whole
expand	v: to increase or to make something greater in size, number, or importance
awareness	n: the fact or state of knowing something exists and is important
economy	n: the system by which a country or region produces manages, and distributes goods and services, including the money and finances involved in these activities; (of an airline) the lowest-priced, most basic option for seating in commercial travel
commerce	n: the activity of buying and selling things, especially on a large scale
verge	n: the point at which something is about to happen or where something begins; the edge or margin of something, particularly a physical boundary or border
equality	n: the state or quality of being equal, especially in status, rights, and opportunities; fairness and impartiality
clash	n: a fight or argument between two groups of people; a loud noise caused by striking against something
civilization	n: a complex and highly organized society that has developed over time and has a dominant culture, including features such as language, religion, government, technology, and social customs
emphasize	v: to give or show particular importance to something
framework	n: the structural components of a building or object that support its weight and give it form; the underlying structure of a system, concept, or text
efficient	adj: performing at the highest level of productivity with the least wasted effort or resources; capable of achieving maximum output with minimum wasted effort, time, or materials
resentful	adj: feeling or expressing bitterness or anger because you have been treated unfairly
intense	adj: (especially of a feeling) very strong; extremely sharp or severe
negative	adj: having the quality of something bad or harmful; expressing refusal
downside	n: the negative aspects or consequences of something; the potential for loss or failure
lethal	adj: causing or capable of causing death; extremely dangerous
hatred	n: intense dislike or hatred towards someone or something, often based on differences in beliefs, values, or identity
grassroots	adj: of or relating to the ordinary people in a society or an organization as constituting a fundamental political and economic group
manifest	v: to show something such as feeling, attitude, quality, etc. clearly through signs or actions
organ	n: a part of the body of an animal or plant that has a particular purpose and performs a specific job
violent	adj: involving or caused by physical force or aggression against someone or something
soil	n: the top layer of Earth in which plants grow
probable	adj: likely to happen or likely to be true
munition	n: weapons and ammunition used by soldiers or military forces; the tools, materials, or equipment used in the preparation or use of weapons and ammunition
biotechnology	n: the application of technological processes and methods to biological systems to develop new products or techniques, such as genetically modified organisms or biopharmaceuticals
nanoscale	adj: on a scale that can be measured in nanometres (= one billionth of a meter); on a very small scale
cycle	n: an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs; a bicycle or motorcycle
slippery	adj: difficult to hold firmly or stand on because it is wet or smooth; not to be trusted
slope	n: a surface with one end or side that is higher than the other
terrorism	n: the use of violence to attain political or religious goals or to compel a government to act
overreact	v: to react more strongly or excessively than is necessary or appropriate
sufficient	adj: adequate; enough for a particular purpose or requirement
surgery	n: medical treatment of injuries or diseases involving an incision with instruments and often removing or replacing some parts of the body; the branch of medical science that treats disease or injury by operative procedures
retaliation	n: the act of seeking vengeance or revenge in response to a perceived wrong or harm suffered, usually to cause harm to the person or group responsible for the initial act
retaliate	v: to respond to an action or attack with a similar action, especially one that is intended to harm or punish the other person
vibe	n: an atmosphere or feeling that is conveyed through a place, situation, or group of people; characteristic energy or mood
spook	v: to frighten or scare, and often provoke into violent action; (noun) someone unpleasantly strange or eccentric; ghost
spiral	n: a curve that coils around a central point and gets progressively farther away from it as it goes around
assure	v: to give confidence or reassurance to someone; to convince or guarantee someone that something will happen or that something is true
suffer	v: to experience pain, distress, or hardship; to undergo or endure something painful or unpleasant
regulation	n: an official rule made and maintained by a government or some other authority; the act of controlling or directing something according to a rule
governance	n: the act or process of governing or managing a political, social, or economic entity; the systems or principles that guide such processes
sermon	n: a speech or lecture given by a religious leader, especially a minister or priest, as part of a worship service
spare	adj: additional to what is necessary for ordinary use; (verb) to give time, money, space, etc. to someone
essential	adj: indispensable; fundamental
alternative	n: one of two or more available possibilities or choice
defend	v: to protect someone or something from attack, criticism, danger, etc.
naive	adj: showing unaffected simplicity and lack of experience, wisdom, or judgment
ultimate	adj: furthest or highest in degree or order
cynicism	n: a belief or attitude of distrust or skepticism, particularly concerning the motives or integrity of other people; an inclination to believe that people are motivated purely by self-interest
self-interest	n: the fact or action of only considering their own interests and of not caring about others
conduce	v: to contribute or lead to a particular outcome or result; to have a positive effect in bringing about a desired result
responsible	adj: answerable or accountable for something within one’s power, control, or management
intelligent	adj: having the capacity for thought and reason, especially to a high degree
develop	v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created
norm	n: something that is regarded as usual, typical, or standard
lump	n: a small, irregularly shaped mass or piece, typically of a soft substance such as coal, flour, or dough
rubric	n: a set of established guidelines or instructions, particularly for academic or assessment purposes; a title or heading that indicates the nature or purpose of a particular section of a text
cheerful	adj: happy and positive; causing feelings of happiness or optimism; marked by or expressing joy or optimism
doe	n: a mature female of mammals of which the male is called a buck, such as a deer or a rabbit
security	n: the state of being free from danger, risk, or harm; measures taken to protect against threats or attacks; a financial asset, such as a stock or bond that derives value exclusively from the ownership interest or claim to a particular underlying asset or obligation
redeem	v: to compensate for the faults or bad aspects of something; to regain possession or assume ownership of something by paying a sum of money or fulfilling a condition; to rescue or save someone from a difficult or hopeless situation
alien	n: a person who comes from a different country, race, or group; a form of life assumed to exist outside the Earth or its atmosphere
accomplishment	n: the successful completion of a task or goal; an ability that has been acquired by training
relate	v: to establish a connection or association between two or more things; to narrate or tell about an event, experience, or relationship; to empathize or feel sympathy with someone or something
expansion	n: the process of becoming larger or more extensive, or the result of this process
compass	n: a navigational instrument for finding directions with a needle that can move easily and that always points to the north; the limit or range of capability
circumstance	n: the specific conditions or events that surround a particular situation or occurrence
pleasant	adj: enjoyable, attractive, friendly, or agreeable
quitter	n: a person who gives up easily or does not have the determination to finish what they have started
appreciate	v: to value and acknowledge the worth of someone or something; to be grateful for something or someone
humanity	n: all people living on the earth; the quality or state of being human rather than an animal, a machine, etc.
denounce	v: to speak out against; to strongly criticize something or someone
op-ed	adj: denoting or relating to a piece of writing or article that expresses the author’s opinion or point of view on a particular topic, usually published in a newspaper or magazine on the page opposite the editorial page
allegation	n: an assertion or claim that is made without proof or evidence; a statement that someone has done something wrong or illegal but which has not been proven in a court of law
quotation	n: a group of words taken from a text or speech and repeated by someone other than the original author or speaker
affection	n: a feeling of fondness, love, or attachment towards someone or something; a gentle or tender feeling; often used to describe a warm or caring relationship between individuals
terror	n: intense fear; a state of intense fear or alarm
crazy	adj: stupid or not sensible; very angry
empathy	n: the ability to share another person’s feelings or experiences by imagining that person’s situation
err	v: to make a mistake or error; to stray from accuracy or correctness; to be mistaken or incorrect
comprehend	v: to understand the nature or meaning of something fully
recognition	n: the action or process of recognizing or being recognized, especially by remembering; an agreement that something is true or legal
dynamics	n: the branch of mechanics that deals with the motion of bodies under the action of forces, including the particular case in which a body remains at rest; forces that produce or stimulate movement, growth, or change
literally	adv: in the real or original meaning of a word or phrase; in a literal sense or way; not figuratively
salvation	n: preservation or deliverance from harm, ruin, or loss
bible	n: the sacred writings of the Christian religions, consisting of the Old and New Testaments; a book regarded as authoritative in its field
Christ	n: the man that Christians believe is the prophet and the son of God, and whose life and sermons form the basis for Christianity
usage	n: the way in which a word or phrase is used in a language; the extent in which how much something is used
heaven	n: (of various religious and mythological traditions) a place or state of existence considered to be the abode of the divine, the afterlife, or a higher realm of being; a state of great happiness, contentment, or beauty
savior	n: a person who rescues a people from harm or danger; (in Christianity) Jesus Christ who is a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth
pursue	v: to do something or attempt to attain something over time; to follow or seek someone or something, especially in trying to catch them
discipline	n: the practice of training people to obey rules or a code of behavior, using and punishments if these are broken; a region of activity, knowledge, or influence
screw	v: to turn something, such as a bolt, with a driver or wrench to tighten or loosen it; (noun) a cylindrical rod with a helical ridge used to fasten things together