Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (197 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (41 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
invest	v: to put money, effort, time, etc. into something to make a profit or achieve a result
talent	n: a natural ability to be good at something; someone who has a natural ability to be good at something
competition	n: a situation in which someone is attempting to beat or outperform another
hire	v: to give somebody a job
motivate	v: to make someone want to do something, especially something that requires tremendous work and effort
inspire	v: to make somebody fill with the desire, confidence, or enthusiasm, especially to do something creative
lean	adj: having a noticeably small amount of body fat; (verb) to bend or move from a straight to a sloping posture
retain	v: to keep or continue to possess or maintain something
hometown	n: the town or city where one was born or grew up
holla	v: to shout or call out loudly, particularly as a greeting or to get someone’s attention, often used as an exclamation to express excitement, joy, or agreement
repulsion	n: a feeling of intense disgust or dislike; a physical force that resists the approach or contact of two objects
strategy	n: a detailed plan of action designed to achieve a long-term or overall goal.
crack	v: to break or cause to break without dividing into separate parts; (noun) a line on the surface of something along which it has separated without breaking
subway	n: an underground railway system, typically in a city
inequality	n: the unfairness of a society in which some people have more opportunity, money, etc. than others; (mathematics) relation between two values when they are different
assume	v: to think or accept something to be true without having proof of it; to take or begin to have power; to begin to exhibit a specific quality or appearance
opportune	adj: suitable or happening at a time that is suitable or convenient for a particular purpose
government	n: the group of people with authority to control a country or state
subsidize	v: to pay part of the cost of something to support an organization, activity, etc. financially
clinic	n: a building or hospital department where people can go for medical care or advice, especially of a particular condition
homeless	adj: without a home, and therefore typically living on the streets
shelter	n: a structure built to protect from poor weather, danger, or attack:
liquor	n: an alcoholic beverage that is distilled rather than fermented, such as whiskey or gin; alcohol, in general
predominate	v: to be the most powerful, important, or frequent; to be more common or prevalent than others
pawnshop	n: a business where loans are made in exchange for personal property that serves as collateral; typically, the property is resold if the loan is not repaid
communal	adj: belonging to or used by a group rather than individuals; for common use
underprivileged	adj: lacking resources, opportunities, or advantages that are necessary for success
frank	adj: honest and sincere; open and candid in expression
imply	v: to indicate the truth or existence of something without referring to it
well-established	adj: firmly established and widely recognized; having a long history of success or acceptance in a particular field or industry
reserve	v: to keep something for future use or contingency; to obtain or arrange something, such as a meeting, seat, etc., in advance
rust	n: a reddish-brown coating or corrosion layer that forms on iron or steel as a result of exposure to moisture and oxygen; the process of corrosion on metal caused by oxidation
belt	v: to sing loudly and forcefully; to hit someone or something hard; (noun) a strip of leather or other material worn to tie or buckle something around the body
consultant	n: a person who provides professional or expert advice
nation	n: a large organized community of people living in a particular country or region and having a particular culture
laboratory	n: a workplace for doing scientific research or teaching science; a lab
hop	v: to jump lightly and quickly on one foot or both feet; to move rapidly from one place to another; to travel using an aircraft, bus, etc.
award	n: a prize or other mark of recognition given in honor of an achievement
excuse	n: a reason or explanation, either true or invented, given to justify a fault or defend your behavior; (verb) to make someone free from blame or clear from guilt
grind	v: to reduce something to small particles or powder by crushing or rubbing it; to work hard over a long period of time
embrace	v: to accept something willingly and enthusiastically; (noun) the act of clasping another person in the arms as in greeting or affection
capitalism	n: an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit
socialist	adj: relating to or supporting socialism (= the idea that the wealth and resources of a society should be shared among all members rather than being concentrated in the hands of a small group of individuals or corporations)
libertarian	n: a person who believes that people should be free to think and behave as they want and the government should only have a minimal level of control, and a person who advocates those beliefs
bunch	n: a grouping of several similar things which are growing or fastened together
spirit	n: the part of a person which is the seat of their mind, feelings, and character rather than their physical body; the general atmosphere of a place or situation and the effect that it has on people
outcome	n: the result or effect of an action, event, etc.
slavery	n: the practice or system of owning, buying, and selling people as property and forcing them to work
folk	n: people in general, especially those of a particular group or type
enslave	v: to make someone a slave; to deprive someone of their freedom of choice or action
generation	n: all the people born and living at about the same time, regarded collectively; the production of heat or electricity
wealth	n: a large amount of money, property, or other things that someone or an organization owns
destroy	v: to ruin or damage severely or completely; to eradicate or eliminate completely
murder	n: the crime of killing somebody intentionally
mob	n: a large and disorderly crowd of people; a large horde of animals
savage	adj: extremely wild, ferocious, or uncivilized
consequence	n: the outcome of a particular action or event, especially relative to an individual
flaw	n: a fault, mistake, or weakness that causes something not to be perfect
distinction	n: a difference or contrast between similar things or people
unaddressed	adj: not dealt with, resolved, or attended to; lacking attention or consideration
barbarous	adj: extremely brutal, savage, or cruel; uncivilized, primitive, or lacking refinement
predatory	adj: living by eating other animals, especially by catching prey that is still alive
industrious	adj: hardworking, diligent, and persistent in effort
sustainable	adj: able to continue or be continued for a long time
liberty	n: the state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one’s way of life, behavior, or political views
pursue	v: to do something or attempt to attain something over time; to follow or seek someone or something, especially in trying to catch them
property	n: a thing or things that belong to someone
estimate	v: to guess or calculate the cost, size, value, etc. of something
racial	adj: of or related to the race (= classification of humans into groups based on physical traits or social relations)
gap	n: a conspicuous disparity or difference separates something such as a figure, people, their opinions, situation, etc.
trillion	n: the number 1,000,000,000,000; a million million
systemic	adj: affecting or related to the whole of something, especially the human body or a society
racism	n: prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against a person or people based on their membership in a particular ethnic group, typically one that is a minority or marginalized
define	v: to state or explain precisely the nature, scope, or meaning of something
reinvent	v: to change something so drastically that it looks to be completely new
poverty	n: the condition of being extremely poor
maintenance	n: the act or process of keeping something, either artificial materials or living things, in good condition; the money needed for a person’s or family’s living expenses
wherein	adv: in or during which; in the place, time, or situation that
concentration	n: the ability to focus all your time and energy on one thing without thinking about anything else.
pharmacy	n: a place where medicines are prepared and dispensed; a drugstore or chemist’s
philanthropy	n: the practice of voluntarily helping the poor, especially by giving money
nonprofit	adj: not established for commercial profit
industrial	adj: of or relating to or resulting from industry
complexity	n: the state or quality of being complicated or intricate and difficult to understand
authentic	adj: known to be real and what people say it is; not a fake or copy
attribute	v: to say or regard that something is the result of a particular thing; (noun) a quality or feature that someone or something possesses;
improve	v: to make or become better
intention	n: something you want to do and are going to do
extract	n: a short passage taken from a book, piece of music, etc.; a substance obtained from something through a specific process; (verb) to obtain from something or to remove something by effort or force
encourage	v: to give someone support, confidence, or hope; to persuade someone to do or continue to do something by making it easier for them and making them believe it is a good thing to do
hood	n: a covering for the head and neck, especially one attached to a garment
gentrify	v: to renovate, revitalize, or develop a deteriorated, predominantly urban area, often leading to the displacement of low-income or minority residents and the influx of more affluent residents and businesses
displacement	n: the act of forcing someone or something to leave their home or place of origin, especially as a result of conflict, natural disaster, or manipulation
urban	adj: relating to or located in a town or city
politician	n: a person who is a member of a government or law-making organization, especially as an elected member of parliament, etc.
resist	v: to refuse to accept something and attempt to prevent it from happening
density	n: the quality of compactness of a substance
suit	n: a set of clothes that are made from the same material; a claim or complaint that a person or organization can file in court against another party; (verb) to be fit or acceptable for
desire	n: a strong feeling of wanting to have or do something
mutual	adj: common to or shared by two or more parties
exclusive	adj: not divided or shared with others
fuel	n: a substance that is typically burned to generate heat or energy
deserve	v: to be worthy of or entitled to something, especially something good or valuable
struggle	v: to make a great effort to do something when it is difficult, or there are a lot of problems; to use force or violence to break away from restraint or constriction
municipality	n: a city, town, or local government organization that has governing authority over a specific geographic area
corporate	adj: of or relating to a large company
subsidy	n: money paid by a government or an organization as part of the cost of something to aid or encourage it to happen
nudge	v: to push someone or something gently, especially with your elbow, to attract the person’s attention; (noun) a small push or prod to encourage a desired action or behavior
infrastructure	n: the basic systems, services, or features that are necessary for an organization or country, such as transport and power supplies
interaction	n: the act of connecting with someone, mainly when working, playing, or spending time with them
vested	adj: having a legal right to something, especially property or money, that cannot be taken away
resident	n: a person who lives in a particular place or has their home in a place
start-up	n: a newly established company or business
appreciate	v: to value and acknowledge the worth of someone or something; to be grateful for something or someone
accuse	v: to charge or criticize someone with a crime or wrongdoing
afford	v: to have enough money or time to be able to buy or do something
counsel	n: advice or guidance given by a person with specialized knowledge or experience, particularly in a professional or legal context; the act of providing advice or guidance
defend	v: to protect someone or something from attack, criticism, danger, etc.
assign	v: to give a specific job or piece of work to a someone
transaction	n: an instance of buying or selling something; the act or process of doing something
maximum	adj: the largest or greatest amount or value attainable or attained
sensible	adj: having good sense or judgment; reasonable; practical; marked by a perception of the importance or seriousness of something
refinance	v: to obtain a new loan or mortgage by paying off an existing loan or mortgage, often to take advantage of lower interest rates or better terms
vertical	adj: upright or perpendicular to a horizontal surface or line
addition	n: the act or process of adding something to something else; the process of adding numbers
dwelling	n: a house or place that someone is living in
statistics	n: the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data
commission	n: a formal instruction, command, or request given to a person or group; an official group of people entrusted by a government or other official body to control or enforce something
liquidate	v: to settle accounts and pay off debts, often by selling off assets; to eliminate or get rid of something completely
solicitation	n: the act of requesting, asking for, or seeking something, often persistently or aggressively; the act of asking for or seeking donations, business, or contributions from others
entice	v: to attract or lure someone with something desirable or tempting
equity	n: the value of the shares issued by a company
separate	v: to force, take, or pull apart; mark as different
fin	n: a thin flat part on the body of a fish or other aquatic animal used for propulsion or balance
savvy	n: the condition of being aware of and able to deal with a situation effectively; (adjective) having knowledge and understanding of a particular subject or activity
propose	v: to make a proposal, declare a plan for something
greenhouse	n: a building with walls and roof made chiefly of transparent material, such as glass, for growing plants in
emission	n: the act of production or sending out gas, heat, light, etc.
transparency	n: the condition or quality of being easy to see through
investor	n: someone who puts money or capital into something to gain financial returns
taxpayer	n: a person who pays taxes to the government
engage	v: to attract and keep someone’s attention and interest; to participate in or obtain services of something
expense	n: the money, time, or effort incurred or required for something
privatize	v: to transfer ownership or control of a business or industry from government or public control to private ownership or control; to make something into a private enterprise or organization
profit	n: money that is earned in business or by selling things after deducting the costs involved
landless	adj: lacking ownership or possession of land or property; without a fixed or permanent home or residence
exacerbate	v: to make a situation, problem, or feeling worse
incarceration	n: the state of being confined in prison or jail
educational	adj: relating to education or providing knowledge or instruction
aspiring	adj: desiring or striving for recognition or advancement; wanting to be successful in life
mortgage	n: a loan secured by the collateral of a specific property, such as a house, that is repaid over a set period of time with interest; the legal agreement governing this loan
compete	v: to strive to achieve more success than someone or something
speculator	n: a person who invests in a venture with the hope of making a profit, often taking on significant risks; someone who engages in speculation
financing	n: the process of providing funds for running a business, activity, or project; the money for a business, activity, or project
cushion	n: a soft, padded object that is used to make a hard surface more comfortable or to protect an object from damage
participate	v: to take part in something
absolutely	adv: without restriction or limitation; completely or utterly
session	n: a formal meeting or series of meetings for the execution of a particular group’s functions; a period spent doing a particular activity
bay	n: a part of the coast that is partially enclosed by land; a compartment or section of a ship or building
permanent	adj: lasting for a long time without essential change
cooperative	adj: involving doing something jointly or working with others to achieve a common goal
acquire	v: to buy or obtain something such as an asset, object, knowledge, etc., for oneself
affordable	adj: not expensive and able to pay
membership	n: the state of belonging to a group, a club, an organization, etc.
ken	n: knowledge, perception, understanding, or range of sight; (verb) to be aware of or know
commerce	n: the activity of buying and selling things, especially on a large scale
mentor	n: a person who helps and advises a younger or less experienced person over time, usually at work or school
residential	adj: relating to, suitable for, or used for living in
rehabilitate	v: to restore to good health or physical condition; to help someone return to a normal life, especially after a period of illness, addiction, or imprisonment
blight	v: to have a detrimental effect on something, typically causing it to deteriorate or fail; (noun) any plant disease resulting in withering without rotting
tribe	n: a social group made up of members who live together, sharing the same language, culture, religion, etc., especially those who do not live in towns or cities
livelihood	n: a means of earning money people need to pay for food, a place to live, clothing, etc.
native	adj: connecting with or describing someone’s birth country or place of birth, or someone born in a specific country or place
kelp	n: a large brown seaweed that grows in cold coastal waters
ancestral	adj: related to or connected with members of your family from the past
tradition	n: a belief, custom, or way of doing something that has been passed down from generation to generation within a group or society
component	n: one of several parts that combines with others to form something bigger
bioplastic	n: a type of plastic derived from natural materials, particularly biologically-based sources such as cornstarch or sugarcane, rather than petroleum-based sources, generally biodegradable and eco-friendly
pharmaceutical	adj: relating to the production and selling of the medical drugs
additive	n: a substance added to something in small amounts, especially food, to improve or preserve it
cow	n: a domesticated mammal with characteristic features such as a hump, large udders, and curved horns that is raised for its milk or meat
methane	n: a chemical compound with the chemical formula CH4 with no smell or color, often used as a fuel
amazing	adj: extremely surprising, especially in a way that you like or admire
multinational	adj: relating to or involving multiple countries or nationalities; having operations or business interests in multiple countries
emerging	adj: starting to exist, mature, or become well-known
historic	adj: famous or significant in history, or potentially so
rail	n: a long, thin piece of metal or wood that is used to make fences or as a support for something; (verb) to complain bitterly
satchel	n: a bag, often made of leather, with a strap for carrying over the shoulder or across the body; typically used to carry personal belongings, such as books or a laptop
transform	v: to change in outward structure or looks;
venue	n: a location or place where an event or activity takes place; a place where something happens or is performed
quinceanera	n: a traditional celebration in Latin American cultures to mark a girl’s 15th birthday, often celebrated with a religious ceremony, a fancy dress, and a formal party with family and friends
tournament	n: a competition or series of contests involving several players or teams, leading to a final winner or winners
manifestation	n: a visible or tangible form of something, especially a particular sign of a disease or condition
associate	v: to mentally connect someone or something with someone or something else
monument	n: a statue, building, or other structure erected to commemorate a person or event
honor	n: high regard or great respect for someone; the quality of having and doing based on a keen sense of morality; (verb) to show respect towards someone
sham	n: something that is not as good or true as it seems to be and is intended to deceive people; a person who pretends to be something they are not