Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (175 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (50 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
AI	n: (abbreviation for artificial intelligence) the theory and development of computer systems capable of doing activities that would ordinarily need human intelligence, such as object recognition, speech recognition, decision-making, and language translation
underlying	adj: significant as a cause or basis of something but not immediately apparent or stated clearly
digital	adj: processing or storing information as a succession of 1 and 0 to show that a signal is present or missing; relating to the use of computer technology, especially the internet
currency	n: a system of money in general use in a particular country
Bitcoin	n: a digital or virtual currency that uses cryptography for secure financial transactions, control of additional unit creation, and verification of asset transfers, which operates independently of centralized banking systems and is based on a decentralized ledger technology called blockchain
blockchain	n: a system in which a growing list of payment records, called blocks, made in cryptocurrency is maintained across several computers that are securely linked
vast	adj: enormous in size, number, amount, or quantity
individually	adv: separately or apart from others
democracy	n: a form of government in which the people have the authority to deliberate and decide legislation, or to choose governing officials to do so
asset	n: something or someone that is useful or valuable quality, skill, etc.; valuable property
bond	n: a close emotional connection between two or more people; a certificate of debt that a government or corporation issues to raise money
loyalty	n: the quality of being devoted or faithful to someone or something
intellect	n: the ability to think logically and comprehend information, especially at an advanced level
property	n: a thing or things that belong to someone
carbon	n: a chemical element that can be found in pure form as diamond or graphite, and it is also an essential part of coal and oil and is found in all plants and animals
creditor	n: a person, company, etc. to whom a debtor owes money
cryptography	n: the study of the techniques and methods used for secure communication and information processing, particularly using codes and ciphers
rely	v: to require a specific thing or the assistance and support of someone or something to continue, run properly, or succeed.
entirely	adv: completely
intermediary	n: a person or organization that acts as a go-between or mediator in negotiations or transactions between two or more parties; a middleman, a broker, or an agent who facilitates communication, trade, or dealings
middleman	n: a person who acts as an intermediary between two or more parties, often facilitating the exchange of goods or services and taking a commission or fee for their services
government	n: the group of people with authority to control a country or state
economy	n: the system by which a country or region produces manages, and distributes goods and services, including the money and finances involved in these activities; (of an airline) the lowest-priced, most basic option for seating in commercial travel
transaction	n: an instance of buying or selling something; the act or process of doing something
logic	n: a way of thinking or reasoning conducted or evaluated by strict validity principles; the study of correct reasoning or good arguments
commerce	n: the activity of buying and selling things, especially on a large scale
authenticate	v: to confirm or verify the validity or authenticity of something; to prove or establish that something is genuine or true
identification	n: the act or process of recognizing, proving, or designating someone or something
settle	v: to reach an agreement of disagreement
hack	v: to hit and cut somebody or something roughly and violently; to find a bug in a computer program and break into their systems or networks
increasingly	adv: more and more
federal	adj: relating to a central government or national authority; refers to government policies, laws, or programs that are implemented at a national level rather than a state or local level
depot	n: a place or a building where goods, materials, or equipment are stored, manufactured, or distributed; a transportation hub where buses or trains start or end their journeys
exclude	v: to deny someone or something enter to a place or taking part in an activity
capture	v: to catch a person or an animal and confine them in an area which they cannot escape
monetize	v: to earn money from something, such as an asset, business, etc.; to coin into money
privacy	n: someone’s right to keep their personal matters and relationships not watched or interrupted by other people
undermine	v: to make someone or something less powerful, less effective, weaker gradually; to make someone’s fame, confidence, or authority less effective or weaker gradually
appropriate	adj: suitable or proper in the circumstances; fitting
largess	n: generous giving or bestowing of gifts, especially in a philanthropic or charitable manner; a generous or abundant amount
asymmetrical	adj: lacking symmetry or balance; unevenly or irregularly shaped; not corresponding in terms of quantity, size, or position
wealth	n: a large amount of money, property, or other things that someone or an organization owns
inequality	n: the unfairness of a society in which some people have more opportunity, money, etc. than others; (mathematics) relation between two values when they are different
distribute	v: to give something to a large number of individuals, or to spread or furnish something
ledger	n: a book or computer program used to keep track of financial transactions; a collection of records or accounts kept in such a book or program
transact	v: to carry out or conduct a business or other transaction; to complete or fulfill an agreement, deal, or contract
exchange	v: to give something and receive something else in return, often with the implication that the items being traded are of equal or comparable value; (noun) the act of giving or taking something in return for something else; a place or system where goods or services can be bought, sold, or traded
native	adj: connecting with or describing someone’s birth country or place of birth, or someone born in a specific country or place
medium	adj: of a size, amount, or level that is average or intermediate; (noun) a means or instrumentality for storing or communicating information
industrious	adj: hardworking, diligent, and persistent in effort
propitious	adj: favorable or advantageous; presenting favorable conditions or opportunities for success
anonymous	adj: having no known name, identity, or known source
develop	v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created
protocol	n: a set of rules or procedures for transmitting data or conducting a process or activity, especially in computer networks or scientific experiments; the initial or original version of an agreement
cryptocurrency	n: any system of electronic money that does not rely on any central authority to uphold or maintain it
spark	v: to start something or make it grow, especially suddenly; to emit a tiny piece of fire or electricity
ignite	v: to set on fire; to cause to start burning
excite	v: to make someone feel suddenly enthusiastic or eager
terrify	v: to frighten someone very much
confuse	v: to mistake one thing for another; to make somebody hard to understand
speculator	n: a person who invests in a venture with the hope of making a profit, often taking on significant risks; someone who engages in speculation
broad	adj: very wide; general
fiat	n: a formal authorization or order, typically given by a government, institution, or other authority figures; a decree or edict
nation-state	n: a sovereign political entity that is composed of a nation, which is a group of people who share a common cultural, linguistic, or ethnic identity
pony	n: a small horse
peer	n: a person who has the same age, status, or ability
institute	n: an organization that has a specific purpose, particularly one dealing with science, education, or a particular profession; (verb) to initiate, introduce, or establish something
collaboration	n: the act or situation of working together to create or produce something
conduct	v: to organize and carry out a particular activity
massive	adj: enormous amount; very heavy and solid
compute	v: to make a mathematical calculation
fingertip	n: the end or tip of a finger
heartbeat	n: the regular movement or sound of the heart as it sends blood around the body; an animating or vital unifying force
compete	v: to strive to achieve more success than someone or something
validate	v: to check or prove that something is true; to make something officially or legally acceptable or approved
reward	n: a thing given in acknowledgment of service, hard work, achievement, etc.
chain	n: a series of connected links or objects; a system or group of interconnected elements; a restraint or shackle
timestamp	n: a record in printed or digital form that shows when a specific event happened, usually giving the date and time of day
wax	n: a substance that is solid at room temperature but becomes softer and more pliable when heated, often used in the production of candles, polishes, and cosmetics; (verb) to become large
seal	v: to close or fasten an envelope, etc. securely; (noun) a large marine mammal that chiefly lives in cold regions and comes on shore to breed
preceding	adj: occurring or coming before something or somebody in time or order; previous or former
simultaneously	adv: at the same time
encrypt	v: to convert information or data into a code, thereby making it unreadable without a key or password; to conceal or obscure information in a way that makes it inaccessible to unauthorized persons
infinite	adj: unlimited or very great; impossible to measure
extraordinary	adj: exceptional, unexpected, very unusual; surpassing the ordinary or usual
contract	n: a legally binding agreement between two or more parties, setting out their rights and obligations to each other, typically in writing and enforceable by law
execute	v: to kill someone, especially as a legal punishment; to carry out or perform an action, duty, etc.
handle	v: to deal with a situation, problem, or strong emotion
enforcement	n: the act of ensuring that rules, regulations, or laws are obeyed or implemented; the act of applying force or pressure to compel compliance with rules or laws
underway	adj: having started and currently in progress
replacement	n: the act of replacing something with something else, especially that is newer or better; a person or thing that takes or can take the place of another
politician	n: a person who is a member of a government or law-making organization, especially as an elected member of parliament, etc.
recognize	v: to acknowledge or realize something or someone; to identify, remember, or become aware of something that was previously known or encountered
ridiculous	adj: very silly or unreasonable and deserving to be laughed at
complicated	adj: involving a lot of different things or parts in a way that is difficult to understand or analyze
crack	v: to break or cause to break without dividing into separate parts; (noun) a line on the surface of something along which it has separated without breaking
tap	v: to hit someone or something quickly, gently, and often repeatedly; to use existing resources, such as energy, knowledge, etc.
stream	n: a small, narrow river; a continuous flow of something, such as liquid, gas, people, vehicles, etc.
mainframe	n: a large and powerful computer with a lot of memory used primarily by large organizations for critical applications
settlement	n: an official agreement that brings an argument to a close; the process of establishing permanent residence in a place.
upheaval	n: great change, disruption, or disturbance; (geology) a rise of land to a higher elevation
replace	v: to take the place of something
embrace	v: to accept something willingly and enthusiastically; (noun) the act of clasping another person in the arms as in greeting or affection
prosperity	n: the state of being successful and having the good fortune
extremist	n: a person who holds extreme political or religious views and who is willing to use violent or illegal methods to promote those views
xenophobia	n: extreme fear or hatred of people from other countries
Brexit	n: (short for “British exit”) the United Kingdom’s decision to leave the European Union (EU), which originates from a nationwide referendum held in the UK on June 23, 2016, in which 51.9% of voters chose to leave the EU
redistribute	v: to share something among people in a different way
engaging	adj: attracting, pleasant, or charming
compensation	n: something especially money, given or received as payment or reparation for a service or loss or injury
tenuous	adj: very weak or slight that it hardly exists
dictator	n: a political leader who has complete power over a country, especially one who has obtained control by force
mass	n: a large amount of a substance with no definite shape or form; a large number of people or things grouped or crowded together
economical	adj: providing a satisfactory return on the money, time, or effort; not using more money, fuel, etc. than necessary
mobility	n: the ability to move or be moved freely or easily from one place, job, or social class to another
valid	adj: having a reasonable basis in logic or fact; still legally or officially acceptable
immutable	adj: unchanging; permanent or unalterable
secondly	adv: used to introduce the second point or item in a list or series of statements, considerations, etc.
precise	adj: sharply exact or accurate or delimited
aggregate	n: a collection or sum of different things often used to describe a total or combination of items
corporation	n: a large company or group of companies that are controlled together by law as a single unit
essentially	adv: relating to the essential features or concepts of anything
database	n: a large amount of data stored in a computer system in such a way that it can be searched and updated easily
criteria	n: (plural of criterion) standards or conditions by which something may be judged or decided
sift	v: to put flour, sugar, etc. through a sieve (= a utensil consisting of a wire or plastic mesh in a frame) to remove lumps or large particles
identify	v: to recognize someone or something and say or prove who or what they are
reputation	n: the general opinion that people have about someone or something, especially when this is based on their previous experiences or behaviors
disrupt	v: to prevent or stop something, especially an event, activity, or process, from continuing in the usual way by causing a problem or disturbance
silicon	n: a chemical element with the symbol Si that is a hard, brittle crystalline solid with a blue-grey metallic luster and used for the transistors and integrated circuit chips in computers
valley	n: a long depression on the surface of the land, which typically contains a river
corporate	adj: of or relating to a large company
invest	v: to put money, effort, time, etc. into something to make a profit or achieve a result
aid	n: things sent to help countries in need, notably food or money; support
remittance	n: the act of sending money or paying a debt; a sum of money sent as payment or as a gift
diaspora	n: the scattering of a people who have left their traditional homeland
ancestral	adj: related to or connected with members of your family from the past
rip	v: to tear something or be torn violently or suddenly
housekeeping	n: the management and upkeep of a household, hotel, or other living or working space, including cleaning, maintenance, organization, and other related tasks
union	n: a group of employees who have banded together to advocate for their rights and better their working conditions; the act or the state of joining together or being joined together
device	n: a piece of equipment, tool, or technology that serves a particular purpose or function, often mechanical or electronic
buck	n: a male deer; a unit of currency, especially the US dollar; a sudden jolt or movement; a young man; (verb) to resist or oppose something, such as an authority, trend, or convention
interface	n: (computer science) a program that controls a display for the user and that allows the user to interact with the system; (chemistry) a surface forming a common boundary between two things
teller	n: a person who works in a bank or financial institution and is responsible for processing customers’ deposits, withdrawals, and other transactions, also referred to as a bank teller; a person who tells stories or relates information to an audience
opportune	adj: suitable or happening at a time that is suitable or convenient for a particular purpose
agrarian	adj: relating to the cultivation of land or the raising of crops and animals; characterized by a society that relies on agriculture as its primary means of sustenance
industrial	adj: of or relating to or resulting from industry
trail	n: a path or track roughly through a countryside, mountain, or forest area, often made or used for a particular purpose; (verb) to lag or linger behind
crumb	n: a small particle or fragment of food or other substance, often one that has broken off from a larger piece; a very small amount or portion of something
virtual	adj: being actually such in almost every respect; existing in essence or effect though not in actual fact
locate	v: to specify or determine the exact position of someone or something
identity	n: the fact of being who or what somebody or something is; the features, emotions, or ideas that distinguish persons from one another
stingy	adj: unwilling to spend or give freely; characterized by an excessive unwillingness to share or be generous
shred	v: to tear or cut something into a small pieces; (noun) a tiny or scarcely detectable amount
avatar	n: (the concept in Hinduism) a god appearing in human or superhuman or animal form; a graphical representation of a user or the user’s character or persona in online games, chat rooms, etc.
sweeping	adj: extensive, broad, or far-reaching in scope or impact; characterized by a vigorous or forceful movement, often involving wide motions or gestures
responsible	adj: answerable or accountable for something within one’s power, control, or management
songwriter	n: a person who writes songs, particularly lyrics, and music for popular music or other genres
royalty	n: revenue derived from the use of a patent, copyright, or other right; the people who are the family of a king and queen
heap	n: an untidy pile or mass of something; a large number or amount or extent of something
ecosystem	n: all the plants and living creatures in an area and the way they affect each other and the environment
surrounding	adj: that is near or around, or closely encircling something
micro	n: extremely small in scale or scope; one millionth
specify	v: to explain or state something clearly and exactly
ringtone	n: a sound or melody that plays on a mobile phone to indicate an incoming call or message
platform	n: the raised flat space close to the track at a train station where passengers get on or off the train; (technology) a computational or digital environment in which a piece of software is executed
invention	n: the creation of a new device or process resulting from study and experimentation; the act of inventing
discovery	n: the act or process of finding information, a place, or an object, or learning about something that was previously not known
journalist	n: a person who collects and writes news stories or articles for newspapers, magazines, radio, television, or other online media
countless	adj: too numerous to be counted or very many
applicable	adj: fit or suitable to be applied; having relevance to a person or thing
genie	n: in Islamic mythology, a supernatural spirit that is usually depicted as being bound to serve a human master and possessing magical powers; a creature or a force that can grant wishes or fulfill desires
summon	v: to order someone to come to or be present at a specific place such as a court, or to arrange a meeting formally
uncertain	adj: not being sure of something; not being able to choose
rewrite	v: to write something such as a book or speech again in a different way, usually to improve it or add new information
grid	n: a pattern of regularly spaced horizontal and vertical lines; a system of high tension cables by which electrical power is distributed throughout a region