Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (170 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (53 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
vacation	n: a period in which someone does not have to attend work or school and is free to do whatever they choose, such as travel or leisure
carnival	n: a public enjoyment and celebration, usually held in the street, featuring music, dancing, and various forms of entertainment
jazz	n: a type of music that originated in the African-American community in the United States and that is characterized by improvisation, syncopated rhythms, and a strong emphasis on self-expression
fest	n: a festive celebration, often one that lasts for several days and involves music, food, and other forms of entertainment
pleasant	adj: enjoyable, attractive, friendly, or agreeable
violent	adj: involving or caused by physical force or aggression against someone or something
capita	n: a Latin word meaning “head,” used to express the amount for each person; any head or headlike expansion on a structure, as on a bone
democracy	n: a form of government in which the people have the authority to deliberate and decide legislation, or to choose governing officials to do so
inequality	n: the unfairness of a society in which some people have more opportunity, money, etc. than others; (mathematics) relation between two values when they are different
polarization	n: the division or separation of something into two opposing or contrasting groups or factions; the condition of being polarized or having poles
statistics	n: the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data
fundamental	adj: forming an essential base or core from which everything else develops or is affected
historic	adj: famous or significant in history, or potentially so
opportune	adj: suitable or happening at a time that is suitable or convenient for a particular purpose
voter	n: a person who votes or has a legal right to vote in a political election
endowment	n: a fund or financial support, either from a charitable organization or from an individual or group of individuals, to support a specific purpose or organization
government	n: the group of people with authority to control a country or state
policymaker	n: a person in charge of or involved in developing action plans for a political party, business, etc.
assume	v: to think or accept something to be true without having proof of it; to take or begin to have power; to begin to exhibit a specific quality or appearance
horrific	adj: causing horror or disgust; gruesome and terrifying
assistant	n: someone who helps or supports someone else to do a job
sanitation	n: the process of maintaining a clean and hygienic environment, particularly in public health and safety contexts; the practice of disposing of waste products in a safe and appropriate manner
electrify	v: to make a machine or system work by using electricity; to make someone extremely enthusiastic about or interested in something
vaccine	n: a substance that is put into the body and protects them from disease by causing them to produce antibodies (= proteins that attack harmful bacteria, viruses, etc.)
quadrant	n: a quarter of a circle or sphere or any of the four parts of an area divided by two intersecting lines or planes
overlay	v: to place or cover something over or on top of something else; to add a layer of functionality or data on top of another (noun) a layer of material placed on top of a surface, typically to protect or decorate it
journalist	n: a person who collects and writes news stories or articles for newspapers, magazines, radio, television, or other online media
murder	n: the crime of killing somebody intentionally
awful	adj: causing fear, dread, or terror; very bad or unpleasant
settle	v: to reach an agreement of disagreement
continent	n: one of the earth’s large landmasses; (adjective) abstaining from your feelings, especially your desire to have sex
massive	adj: enormous amount; very heavy and solid
recover	v: to return to a former condition, health, mind, or strength
privilege	n: a special right or advantage that only one person or group of people has, usually because they are rich and powerful in a society
unequal	adj: different in amount, size, degree, or value; not fair
inordinate	adj: excessive, unreasonable, or disproportionate; beyond what is considered normal or appropriate
policy	n: a set of rules, guidelines, principles, or procedures that govern decision-making or action, often used in the context of business or government; a course of action or plan of action adopted or followed by an organization or individual to achieve a goal or objective
cartel	n: a group of businesses or organizations that join together to control the production and distribution of a particular product or service, often to limit competition and increase profits
finance	n: the management of money, credit, banking, and investments, especially by a government or commercial organization; the branch of economics that studies the management of money and other assets
organ	n: a part of the body of an animal or plant that has a particular purpose and performs a specific job
criminal	n: a person who has committed a crime
suppress	v: to bring something under control by force or authority; to put an end by force
exchange	v: to give something and receive something else in return, often with the implication that the items being traded are of equal or comparable value; (noun) the act of giving or taking something in return for something else; a place or system where goods or services can be bought, sold, or traded
reign	n: the period of time during which a monarch or government holds power; (verb) to be the king or queen
regime	n: the organization, a system, or method that is the governing authority of a political unit
legitimate	adj: accordant with or allowed by law; lawful
elect	v: to choose someone for a specific position by voting for them; to decide or choose to do something
gang	n: a group of people who organize and engage in criminal activity
colectivo	n: a type of public transport vehicle commonly found in Latin America, typically a van or minibus that operates on a set route and picks up and drops off passengers along the way
opposition	n: the act of disagreeing or resisting; the state of strong disagreement
poll	n: an inquiry into public opinion conducted by interviewing a random sample of people; the process of voting at an election
politician	n: a person who is a member of a government or law-making organization, especially as an elected member of parliament, etc.
politicize	v: to make something political or to involve it in politics, often for personal or ideological gain or to influence public opinion
hire	v: to give somebody a job
collusion	n: secret or illegal cooperation or conspiracy, especially for a deceitful or fraudulent purpose
jail	n: a facility where criminals are kept to be punished for their crimes; a prison
brutal	adj: harsh or cruel
rough	adj: not quite exact or correct; having or caused by an irregular surface
corruptible	adj: capable of being made to do something dishonest or immoral
repercussion	n: an effect or consequence of something, especially an unwelcome one, of an event or action
predatory	adj: living by eating other animals, especially by catching prey that is still alive
vigilant	adj: keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties
bunch	n: a grouping of several similar things which are growing or fastened together
devolve	v: to transfer or delegate responsibility, power, or authority to someone else, often as a result of a process or procedure; to degrade, deteriorate, or regress to a less advanced or more primitive state or form
mafia	n: a secret criminal organization that engages in illegal activities such as gambling, extortion, racketeering, prostitution, and drug trafficking, typically maintains a strict code of loyalty, secrecy, and omertà (= silence or non-cooperation with authorities)
legitimacy	n: the state or quality of being allowed and acceptable under the law; the state or quality of being founded on a reasonable or acceptable reason
charity	n: an organization that helps people in need, especially by providing food, shelter, or money; a kindly and sympathetic attitude toward people
dispute	n: a disagreement, argument, or controversy between two people, groups, or countries, especially a formal one
subsidize	v: to pay part of the cost of something to support an organization, activity, etc. financially
commit	v: to do something illegal or wrong
argument	n: a set of statements or reasons used to support or refute a proposition or theory; a verbal or physical fight or dispute
norm	n: something that is regarded as usual, typical, or standard
evaporate	v: to turn a liquid into a gas; to become less intense and disappear gradually
depravity	n: moral corruption or degradation; a state of extreme wickedness or immorality; morally twisted or warped behavior
absent	adj: not present in a particular place at a particular time
mainstream	n: the ideas, opinions, beliefs, etc., that are considered normal or accepted by most people
ignore	v: to intentionally not listen or pay attention to
unbearable	adj: not able to be tolerated or endured; too difficult, severe, or intense to be dealt with or suffered through; intolerable or insufferable
concentration	n: the ability to focus all your time and energy on one thing without thinking about anything else.
margin	n: the space around the edge of a page or document; (finance) the net sales minus the cost of goods and services sold
separate	v: to force, take, or pull apart; mark as different
shock	n: a strong feeling or physical reaction to a sudden and unexpected event or experience, especially something unpleasant
deviate	v: to depart from an established course or plan; to change direction or take a different route or approach
educated	adj: having received a high standard of education
intern	v: to put someone in prison, especially for political or military reasons; (noun) a student or trainee who works, sometimes for free, to get work experience or to fulfill qualification criteria
hike	n: a long walk or journey, especially for pleasure or exercise; an increase in cost
involve	v: to include or affect someone or something as a necessary part of something else
deserve	v: to be worthy of or entitled to something, especially something good or valuable
skew	v: to turn or place at an angle; to make biased or distorted with the result that it is not accurate, fair, normal, etc.
largely	adv: virtually entirely; to a large degree
rot	v: to decay, or cause something to decay, naturally and gradually
transformation	n: a complete change in form, nature, or appearance of someone or something
president	n: the leader of a republic, for example, the US; the person in charge of the organization such as a company, university, club, etc.
contribution	n: the act of giving something, especially money, to a particular cause or organization; a voluntary gift as of money or service or ideas made to some worthwhile cause
overrun	v: to invade or occupy a place or territory by force, especially in large numbers; (noun) the act of taking control or overwhelming something or someone
paramilitary	adj: relating to or resembling a military organization but not part of a country’s regular armed forces
fed-up	adj: feeling exhausted, annoyed, or discontented as a result of prolonged exposure to something unpleasant or frustrating
overcome	v: to succeed in controlling or dealing with something, such as a problem or difficulty; to defeat or overwhelm someone
rabid	adj: characterized by extreme or fanatical enthusiasm or devotion; having or showing symptoms of rabies, a viral disease that affects the nervous system of mammals and can cause violent and aggressive behavior
independence	n: freedom from another’s or others’ control or influence
candid	adj: honest, straightforward, and frank in someone’s words or actions
mayor	n: an elected official who presides over a city or town government
homicide	n: the act or instance of killing another person; murder, manslaughter, or other unlawful violent killings
shrug	v: to raise your shoulders and then drop them to say you do not know or are not interested
council	n: a group of people who have been elected or appointed to make decisions or give advice on a particular subject or in a particular place
impunity	n: exemption or freedom from punishment or harm; a state of being immune to negative consequences or legal accountability
brutality	n: the quality or state of being cruel or savage
tactic	n: a method or strategy used to achieve a particular goal or objective
quo	n: the existing state or condition of something, especially in relation to a particular situation or issue
backfire	v: to have an opposite and undesirable effect to what was intended; to make a sudden noise like an explosion
offend	v: to cause someone to feel upset, angry, or annoyed
overcrowded	adj: containing too many people or things in a particular space, making it cramped or uncomfortable
insist	v: to say something clearly or demand something forcefully, especially when other people disagree with or oppose what you say
investigate	v: to conduct a systematic or formal inquiry to identify and evaluate the facts of a crime, problem, statement, etc. to establish the truth
abandon	v: to leave a place, thing, or person with no intention of returning; (noun) a feeling of extreme emotional intensity
tactics	n: the methods or strategies used to achieve a specific goal or outcome, particularly in the context of military, business, or sports
opt	v: to make a choice from a range of possibilities
traffic	n: the movement of vehicles, people, or goods along a route or through a transport system; the amount of such movement in a particular place or at a particular time
communal	adj: belonging to or used by a group rather than individuals; for common use
uphold	v: to support or defend something, such as a law, idea, decision, etc.
immense	adj: extremely large or great
wealth	n: a large amount of money, property, or other things that someone or an organization owns
voluntary	adj: done of one’s own free will; without being forced or coerced
span	n: the entire length of something, such as time or space from beginning to end; the amount of space that something covers
rap	n: a type of music characterized by a strong, repetitive beat and lyrics that often focus on social and political issues; a reproach for some lapse or misdeed
devalue	v: to reduce the value or worth of something
downward	adj: moving towards a lower position or a lower level
spiral	n: a curve that coils around a central point and gets progressively farther away from it as it goes around
bullet	n: a metal projectile that is shot from a gun
lodge	n: a small country house where people stay when they want to participate in outdoor activities; (verb) officially present a complaint, appeal, claim, etc. to the appropriate authorities
jungle	n: an area of tropical forest where in which trees and plants grow very thickly
gym	n: a place equipped for exercise and other physical training
swat	v: to strike or hit someone or something with a quick, sharp blow, usually with the hand or a flat object; (noun, an acronym that stands for “Special Weapons And Tactics”) specialized groups within police departments that are trained to handle high-risk operations that regular officers are not equipped to deal with
hunt	v: to go after and try to catch wild animals to kill them for food, sport, or profit
methamphetamine	n: (commonly known as “meth” or “crystal meth”) a powerful and highly addictive stimulant drug that affects the central nervous system
flash	n: a sudden intense burst of radiant energy; a momentary brightness
bang	v: to hit or cause to hit something in a way that makes a loud noise
grenade	n: a hand-held explosive device designed to be thrown or projected toward a target and detonate upon impact or after a specified time
crib	n: a small, enclosed bed for a baby, typically on rockers
explode	v: to burst or break open violently and noisily; to cause something to burst or break open
maim	v: to injure or wound someone seriously, particularly by permanently disabling or disfiguring a body part
horrible	adj: extremely unpleasant or bad; causing fear or disgust
process	n: a series of actions or operations performed to achieve a particular outcome or goal; a systematic procedure or approach used to accomplish a specific task or objective; a method of treating milk to make it suitable for consumption or use in other dairy products
innocent	adj: not guilty of a crime, offense, etc.; not having an evil mind or knowledge
recognize	v: to acknowledge or realize something or someone; to identify, remember, or become aware of something that was previously known or encountered
vast	adj: enormous in size, number, amount, or quantity
fuel	n: a substance that is typically burned to generate heat or energy
incentive	n: something, such as a punishment, reward, etc., that encourages a person to do something
buck	n: a male deer; a unit of currency, especially the US dollar; a sudden jolt or movement; a young man; (verb) to resist or oppose something, such as an authority, trend, or convention
jerk	v: to make a sudden, sharp movement, or cause something to do this
implement	v: to put a decision, plan, or system into effect
laundry	n: the act of washing clothes and linens; a room or area where clothes are washed and ironed
profit	n: money that is earned in business or by selling things after deducting the costs involved
estate	n: a large piece of land with an impressive house on it, often owned by a wealthy family; all of a person’s possessions and assets at the time of their death; an area of land considered as a unit in terms of ownership, use or taxation
transaction	n: an instance of buying or selling something; the act or process of doing something
high-end	adj: of the highest quality or luxury, often used to describe expensive or exclusive products or services
resort	n: a place where many people go for rest, sport, or another stated purpose; (verb) to turn to or take a course of action, especially an extreme or undesirable one, to resolve a difficult circumstance
chain	n: a series of connected links or objects; a system or group of interconnected elements; a restraint or shackle
icon	n: a picture or statue of a holy person considered to be a sacred thing; a little icon on the screen of a computer or smartphone that denotes an application or a file
money-laundering	n: the process by which illegally obtained money (like profits from criminal activities or tax evasion) is made to appear legal, either by mixing it with clean money or by creating a complex web of transactions that hide the source and ownership of the funds
legislation	n: a law or a set of laws suggested and then passed by a parliament, or the act of making or enacting laws
transparent	adj: easy to perceive, detect, or understand; (of a material or article) permitting light to pass through freely
ban	v: to officially or legally forbid or refuse to allow something
anonymous	adj: having no known name, identity, or known source
quixotic	adj: exceedingly idealistic or unrealistic; marked by extravagantly chivalrous pursuits and romantic ideals; impractical or unworkable
recycle	v: to sort and collect things to process them and produce valuable materials that can be used again
gigantic	adj: extremely large
misconception	n: a belief or an idea that is wrong because it has been based on faulty thinking, understanding, or hypothesis
constant	adj: happening repeatedly or all the time
quarter	n: one of four equal parts; a fourth part or portion