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All Words (148 Words)

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Advanced Words (45 Words)

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Word List

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Word	Meaning	Advanced
ancient	adj: relating to the long ago, particularly the historical period preceding the fall of the Western Roman Empire; very old
survive	v: to live or exist despite a dangerous event or period
medieval	adj: relating to or belonging to the Middle Age that is for the period of A.D.600 to A.D. 1450
scribe	n: a person who writes out copies of documents or manuscripts, especially in ancient times
mathematics	n: the science dealing with the logic of quantities, shapes, spaces, and arrangement
humanist	n: a person who is concerned with the welfare and rights of all human beings; one who believes in the inherent worth and dignity of every person and stresses the importance of human values and ethical principles
papal	adj: relating to the pope (= the head of the Roman Catholic Church) or the Roman Catholic Church
codex	n: a manuscript book, especially one written in the medieval period, before the invention of printing
discovery	n: the act or process of finding information, a place, or an object, or learning about something that was previously not known
bury	v: to place a dead body in the ground, grave, or tomb
treasure	n: a valuable or desirable possession; something that is cherished or held dear; a collection of valuable objects or money that is hidden or protected
pray	v: to make a request or petition to a higher power, especially in the form of a respectful or humble request
fin	n: a thin flat part on the body of a fish or other aquatic animal used for propulsion or balance
parchment	n: a thin, smooth, durable material made from the skin of a sheep or goat, used in the past as a writing surface
recycle	v: to sort and collect things to process them and produce valuable materials that can be used again
manuscript	n: the original copy of a book, piece of music, etc. before it is printed
erase	v: to remove something completely, especially by rubbing it
shuffle	v: to move or mix around in a casual or unorganized way; to walk with short, dragging steps
rot	v: to decay, or cause something to decay, naturally and gradually
degree	n: a unit of measurement for angles, temperature, or level of proficiency or achievement; a rank or level of academic or professional attainment
essentially	adv: relating to the essential features or concepts of anything
disappear	v: to cease to exist or be visible
magnify	v: to make something look bigger than it really is, especially by looking at it through a lens; to make something bigger, stronger, or louder
transcribe	v: to copy or reproduce something in written or printed form; to translate spoken language into written text
unique	adj: being the only one of its kind; unlike anything else
forgery	n: the act of creating a fake or false document, object, or currency to deceive or defraud others; the item that has been created in such a way
suffer	v: to experience pain, distress, or hardship; to undergo or endure something painful or unpleasant
mold	n: a hollow container used to give shape to liquid or soft substance, which then becomes solid in the same shape as the container; a soft, green, or gray growth that forms on stale food or objects exposed to warm, moist air for too long
definition	n: a concise explanation of the meaning of a word, phrase, or symbol
write-off	n: a cancellation or reduction of a debt or financial obligation; a loss or expense that can be deducted from one’s taxable income; a dismissal or rejection of something as unimportant or unworthy of attention
institute	n: an organization that has a specific purpose, particularly one dealing with science, education, or a particular profession; (verb) to initiate, introduce, or establish something
fragile	adj: delicate or easily broken or damaged
ubiquitous	adj: being or existing everywhere at once
principle	n: a fundamental law or truth that explains or controls how something happens or works
background	n: the details of a person’s social heritage, such as family, vocational or educational experience; past information that is essential to understanding a situation or problem
particle	n: a small piece of something; a word or piece of a term with grammatical function but little or no significance
physics	n: the science of matter and energy and their interactions
classic	adj: judged or deserving to be regarded as one of the best or most important of its kind over a period of time; of a well-known type
philology	n: the study of language in written historical sources, including the history and development of languages, their structures, and their relationships to one another
conservation	n: the protection of something important, such as the natural environment or artificial structures, especially from the damaging effects of human activity
glue	n: a sticky substance used for joining things together; a bonding agent made from animal or synthetic materials
spine	n: the series of bones running down the center of the back that protect the spinal cord and support the body; the backbone or vertebral column
photograph	n: a picture or image that is produced by a camera; a visual representation or record of a person, object, or scene that has been captured electronically or on film
conservator	n: a person or organization whose job is to preserve works of art, buildings, and other things of cultural interest
vinyl	n: a synthetic resin or plastic material that can be molded into various shapes and forms, particularly used in construction, furniture, and record production
acetate	n: a synthetic material made from cellulose acetate that is used to make various consumer products such as clothing, upholstery, and packaging materials
emulsify	v: to mix two or more liquids that normally don’t dissolve in each other, such as oil and water, by adding an agent that helps to suspend the tiny droplets of one liquid within the other
dissolve	v: to be or cause to be absorbed by a liquid to form a part of the solution; to close down or dismiss
gentle	adj: having or showing a kindly or tender nature; soft and mild
rid	v: to make someone or something free of unwanted or unpleasant tasks, objects, or person
wax	n: a substance that is solid at room temperature but becomes softer and more pliable when heated, often used in the production of candles, polishes, and cosmetics; (verb) to become large
liturgy	n: a form of public worship or religious service, especially in the Christian Church
orthodox	adj: following or conforming to the traditional, normal, or commonly accepted beliefs, ideas, or activities; of or relating to Judaism; of or relating to the Eastern Orthodox Church
church	n: a building or institution dedicated to religious worship or activities; a Christian religious organization or denomination
mechanical	adj: operated by a machine, relating to or concerned with machinery or tools
scrape	v: to draw something along a rough or hard surface, typically to remove dirt or other matter
normally	adv: usually; under normal conditions
fragment	n: a small piece or part broken off or detached
process	n: a series of actions or operations performed to achieve a particular outcome or goal; a systematic procedure or approach used to accomplish a specific task or objective; a method of treating milk to make it suitable for consumption or use in other dairy products
blank	adj: without any writing or printing; empty or devoid of ideas, information, or meaning; unable to remember or recall information
norm	n: something that is regarded as usual, typical, or standard
ultraviolet	adj: relating to or occupying the part of the spectrum beyond the violet end, especially radiation
writ	n: a written legal order or command
merge	v: to combine or integrate things, or to cause this to happen
digital	adj: processing or storing information as a succession of 1 and 0 to show that a signal is present or missing; relating to the use of computer technology, especially the internet
canvas	n: the heavy, closely woven fabric used for making tents, sails, etc. and by artists for painting on
zoom	v: to move along very quickly; (noun) the act of rising upward into the air
terribly	adv: very badly; to a great extent or very much
diagram	n: a simplified illustration of the appearance, structure, or workings of something
sand	n: finely granulated particles of rock or mineral material typically found along beaches, deserts, or riverbeds; used in construction, landscaping, and other applications requiring drainage or abrasive action
infrared	adj: relating to or denoting electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength just longer than that of red light but shorter than that of microwave radiation, used for sensing heat and for remote control
invisible	adj: impossible or nearly impossible to see
decide	v: to make up someone’s mind about something; to come to a conclusion or judgment after considering options
X-ray	n: a type of electromagnetic radiation that has a wavelength shorter than visible light allowing hidden objects such as bones and organs inside the body to be photographed
fluorescence	n: the property of certain substances to absorb light at one wavelength and emit light at a longer wavelength, often producing a visible glow or color change; the visible light or color change resulting from this process
electron	n: a tiny particle with the negative electrical charge
shell	n: hard outer covering or case of eggs, nuts, some seeds, and some animals
atom	n: the smallest unit of ordinary matter that forms a chemical element, composed of a nucleus and one or more electrons bound to the nucleus
shed	v: to get rid of something as superfluous or unwanted; to cast off hair, skin, horn, or feathers; (noun) an outbuilding with a single story, mainly used for shelter or storage
electromagnetic	adj: of or relating to the magnetism produced by electric charge in motion
radiation	n: the energy that comes from a nuclear reaction in the form of rays, waves, or particles and that can be hazardous to health
specific	adj: clearly defined or particular to a certain thing or situation; distinct, explicit, and precise
wavelength	n: the distance between two points in the same phase in consecutive cycles of a wave
theoretical	adj: relating to the concepts and principles upon which a particular topic is founded, rather than practice and experience
synchrotron	n: a large and powerful particle accelerator that produces highly intense beams of light or other particles, often used in scientific research, particularly in physics and chemistry
laboratory	n: a workplace for doing scientific research or teaching science; a lab
accelerate	v: to make something faster or earlier; to cause to develop or progress more quickly
positron	n: an antiparticle of the electron with a positive charge that has the same mass as the electron but an opposite charge
atomic	adj: of or relating to atom (= the smallest component of an element)
charm	n: the power or quality of pleasing or fascinating people
quark	n: a type of elementary particle and a fundamental constituent of matter that make up the heavier elementary particles, such as protons, neutrons, etc.; fresh unripened cheese of a smooth texture made from pasteurized milk, a starter, and rennet
tau	n: the 19th letter of the Greek alphabet, transliterated as “t”; (of physics, tau particle) a fundamental particle known as the tau lepton that is an elementary particle with a negative electric charge and a spin of 1/2
lepton	n: a subatomic particle that is one of the basic building blocks of matter, having little or no mass and carrying an electrical charge
beam	n: a long, sturdy piece of timber, metal, or other material used to support a structure or span a distance; a ray or stream of light emitted by a source
solar	adj: of, from, or relating to the sun
protein	n: a molecule made up of a long chain of amino acids, which is essential for the structure and function of the body’s tissues
behold	v: to look at and observe with attention
involve	v: to include or affect someone or something as a necessary part of something else
divide	v: to separate or cause to separate into parts or groups
recombine	v: to combine or put together again or differently; to cause genetic recombination (= the process by which genetic material is broken and joined to other genetic material)
combinatorics	n: a branch of mathematics that deals with counting, arranging, and manipulating the combinations and permutations of elements in a set
branch	n: a division of a tree or woody shrub that grows out from the trunk or a main stem; a division of some larger or more complex organization
astonishing	adj: surprising or shocking; difficult to believe
palimpsest	n: a manuscript or piece of writing material on which the original writing has been effaced to make room for later writing
orator	n: a skilled public speaker, particularly one who is eloquent and persuasive; someone who delivers speeches or addresses an audience
contemporary	adj: belonging to the same or present time
military	adj: relating to or characteristic of members of the armed forces; of or relating to war or warfare
conquer	v: to bring under control by force or authority
treason	n: the act of betraying one’s country or government, especially by attempting to overthrow it or give aid and comfort to its enemies; a violation of allegiance or loyalty to one’s country or government
noble	adj: having or showing excellent personal qualities or high moral principles that people admire
spartan	adj: of or relating to Sparta (= a prominent city-state in Laconia, in ancient Greece) or its people; showing self-discipline and determination, especially in the face of hardship or adversity
enumerate	v: to list or mention a number of items or things one by one; to count or calculate systematically
victory	n: success in a game, competition, election, or battle, or the knowledge that you have won
selfish	adj: concerned primarily with one’s profit or pleasure without regard for others; forming or arising from a person’s self or interest
butcher	n: a person who prepares and sells meat, especially at a retail shop; a person who kills or slaughters animals, especially for food; a person who engages in the relentless or brutal treatment of others
faction	n: a group within an organization or political party that is in disagreement with the majority or seeks to create change in policies or leadership
tongue	n: a moveable mass of muscle tissue covered with mucous membrane that is in the mouth; a language
mockery	n: the act of ridiculing or making fun of someone or something, often in a contemptuous or mocking manner
oratory	n: the art or skill of public speaking; the act or practice of delivering speeches or formal addresses in a persuasive and eloquent manner
antiquity	n: the ancient past, especially the period of classical civilization
grave	n: a place where a dead body is buried, typically marked by a headstone or other memorial; a very serious, solemn, or important matter; (verb) to carve, cut, or etch a design, inscription, or mark onto a hard surface, such as stone or metal; (adjective) serious, solemn, or weighty in nature
weird	adj: extraordinary, unexpected, or difficult to explain
philosophy	n: the study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind
commentary	n: an expression or explanation of opinions or observations on a particular subject, event, or situation; detailed analysis or explanation provided in writing or orally
probable	adj: likely to happen or likely to be true
creative	adj: relating to or involving the use of skill and original and unusual ideas to create something
commons	n: the House of Commons, which is one of the two houses of Parliament; a piece of land or an area set aside for public use, often used for recreation or grazing livestock; a shared or public resource
license	n: an official permission or authorization to do, use, or own something; a legal document that grants the holder the right to perform certain activities, such as driving a car, practicing a profession, or using a particular product or service
commerce	n: the activity of buying and selling things, especially on a large scale
utility	n: the state or quality of being useful or convenient; the service, such as electric power or water or transportation, provided by a public
closet	n: a small room or cabinet with a door used for storing things, especially clothes
confine	v: to restrict the movement of someone or something
copyright	n: the legal right to be the only person or organization who can reproduce, publish, and sell a particular piece of work
restriction	n: a limitation or constraint placed on something, or the act of limiting or constraining something
nation	n: a large organized community of people living in a particular country or region and having a particular culture
boring	adj: lacking interest or excitement; tedious or dull
aggregate	n: a collection or sum of different things often used to describe a total or combination of items
romantic	adj: of or relating to love or a sexual relationship
curate	n: a clergyman who is in charge of a parish; a person in charge of a museum, gallery, or church, responsible for the care and display of its collections and exhibitions; (verb) to carefully select, organize, and maintain items in a collection, exhibition, or presentation
glorious	adj: having or deserving great admiration, praise, and honor; having great beauty and splendor
attractive	adj: immensely appealing in look or sound; having characteristics or qualities that make something appealing and valuable
metadata	n: information that describes or provides contextual details about other data, such as the content, structure, format, or authorship of a document or file
fantastic	adj: extremely good; excellent
humanity	n: all people living on the earth; the quality or state of being human rather than an animal, a machine, etc.
absolutely	adv: without restriction or limitation; completely or utterly
release	v: to set free or allow to escape from confinement
unrestricted	adj: not limited or confined in any way
significance	n: the importance or value attached to something; the quality of being significant or noteworthy