Important (Read me first!)
This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.
We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.
Reference Source
You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?
All Words (143 Words)
You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.
Quick Look
Podcast
YouTube Post
Vocabulary Builder
Advanced Words (33 Words)
If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.
YouTube Post
Vocabulary Builder
Word List
You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.
Word | Meaning | Advanced |
---|---|---|
molecular | adj: of or relating to molecules (= a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds) | |
biology | n: the scientific study of life and the natural processes of living things | |
writ | n: a written legal order or command | |
sequence | n: a series of related events, actions, numbers, etc., which have a particular order | |
genome | n: the complete set or sequence of genes of a human, animal, plant, or other living things | |
euro | n: the official currency of most European Union countries | |
probable | adj: likely to happen or likely to be true | |
sector | n: a distinct part or division of something often used to refer to a segment of an economy or industry; an area or field of work or activity | |
potentially | adv: in a possible state or condition; possibly | |
replace | v: to take the place of something | |
fossil | n: any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing that has become hard and turned into rock | |
fuel | n: a substance that is typically burned to generate heat or energy | |
revolutionize | v: to bring about a complete or radical change in something, often through the introduction of new methods or ideas | |
medicinal | adj: of or relating to the treatment or cure of disease | |
aspect | n: one part or feature of a situation, problem, subject, etc. | |
movement | n: a group of people working together to achieve a shared goal, especially a political, social, or artistic one; the process of moving or being moved, physically or figuratively | |
advocate | n: a person who supports or suggests an idea, development, or way of doing something | |
biotechnology | n: the application of technological processes and methods to biological systems to develop new products or techniques, such as genetically modified organisms or biopharmaceuticals | |
accessible | adj: capable of being reached, easily got, or seen | |
government | n: the group of people with authority to control a country or state | |
lab | n: a workplace for the conduct of scientific research; a laboratory | |
diverse | adj: including numerous categories of individuals or entities; various | |
participate | v: to take part in something | |
stimulate | v: to encourage something to develop or become more active; to stir the feelings or emotions | |
innovation | n: the creation of a new device or process resulting from study and experimentation | |
sophisticated | adj: having a great deal of worldly experience and knowledge of people’s behavior, culture, and fashion | |
associate | v: to mentally connect someone or something with someone or something else | |
moral | adj: concerned with the principles of what is right and wrong, fairness, honesty, etc. | |
ethical | adj: of or relating to principles about what is right and wrong, or the branch of knowledge dealing with these | |
quest | n: a long or challenging search for something | |
louse | n: a small, wingless insect that lives on the bodies of mammals and birds, often considered a parasite; a contemptible or despicable person | |
hands-on | adj: actively involved, practical; having hands involved in the doing or making of something | |
aspiration | n: a strong desire to achieve something; the action or process of drawing breath | |
nonprofit | adj: not established for commercial profit | |
communal | adj: belonging to or used by a group rather than individuals; for common use | |
potter | n: a person who makes pottery, objects that are made of clay and then fired in a kiln to make them hard and durable; (verb, also putter) to occupy oneself in a leisurely or casual way, often with no particular goal or aim in mind | |
atmosphere | n: the mass of air that surrounds the Earth; the pervading tone or mood of a place, situation, or creative work | |
literacy | n: the ability to read and write; the ability to use written language to communicate effectively | |
biohazard | n: a biological substance or infectious agent that poses a threat to human health or the environment, typically requiring special handling, containment, or disposal procedures to prevent the spread of disease or contamination | |
depress | v: to make someone feel sad, low in spirits, or without hope; to make markets, businesses, etc., less active | |
hack | v: to hit and cut somebody or something roughly and violently; to find a bug in a computer program and break into their systems or networks | |
regulation | n: an official rule made and maintained by a government or some other authority; the act of controlling or directing something according to a rule | |
vibrant | adj: full of energy, life, and enthusiasm | |
individual | n: a single person or thing, as distinct from a group | |
flavor | n: the taste sensation produced by a substance in the mouth | |
reverse | v: to change something’s direction, order, position, decision, etc., to the opposite one; (adjective) directed or moving toward the rear | |
engineer | n: a person whose job is designing, building, or maintaining something such as machines, structures, or software | |
equip | v: to provide a person or a place with the things that are needed for a particular purpose or activity | |
genetically | adv: in a way that relates to or is produced by genes (= the units in the cells of a living thing received by an animal or plant from its parents) or heredity | |
bacteria | n: single-celled or noncellular spherical or spiral or rod-shaped organisms that exist in large numbers in the air, water, and soil, and also in living and dead creatures and plants, and are often a cause of disease | |
hardware | n: durable tools, machinery, and other equipment; the physical and electronic parts of a computer or other electronic systems | |
software | n: a set of computer programs and associated documentation and data for doing particular computational jobs | |
wetware | n: the human brain and neurological system, particularly in the context of artificial intelligence and computing | |
glow | v: to give out a steady, strong light | |
spirit | n: the part of a person which is the seat of their mind, feelings, and character rather than their physical body; the general atmosphere of a place or situation and the effect that it has on people | |
security | n: the state of being free from danger, risk, or harm; measures taken to protect against threats or attacks; a financial asset, such as a stock or bond that derives value exclusively from the ownership interest or claim to a particular underlying asset or obligation | |
minimize | v: to make something, especially something bad, small or less serious | |
inherent | adj: existing in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute | |
dual | adj: having two parts, aspects, or elements | |
synthetic | adj: made by combining chemical substances as opposed to being naturally occurring | |
compel | v: to force or require someone to do something; to exert a strong, irresistible force or pressure that makes someone act in a certain way | |
amateur | adj: engaging in an activity or pursuing a particular interest without professional knowledge, training, or experience; non-professional | |
professional | adj: having or showing the skill appropriate to a particular job; competent or skillful | |
infrastructure | n: the basic systems, services, or features that are necessary for an organization or country, such as transport and power supplies | |
facility | n: a building or place that provides a particular service or is used for a particular industry | |
pathogen | n: a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that causes disease | |
nation | n: a large organized community of people living in a particular country or region and having a particular culture | |
conclude | v: to come to an end or close; to reach a judgment or opinion by reasoning | |
negative | adj: having the quality of something bad or harmful; expressing refusal | |
specifically | adv: only associated with or meant for one thing | |
surprisingly | adv: in a way that causes amazement or wonder | |
tendency | n: an inclination or predisposition towards a particular behavior, attitude, or course of action; a natural or prevailing tendency or characteristic | |
consistent | adj: always behaving or happening in the same way, or having the same thoughts, standards, etc. | |
overestimate | v: to estimate something to be greater in amount or importance than it really is | |
capability | n: the ability, skill, or competence to do something; the potential or aptitude for a particular task or function | |
underestimate | v: to think or suppose that a quantity, price, or size is smaller than it is | |
ethics | n: a branch of philosophy that considers what is morally right and wrong conduct; a set of beliefs about what is morally right and wrong | |
conventional | adj: based on or following traditional rules, standards, customs, etc. | |
dispose | v: to put things or people in a particular manner or position; to incline someone towards a specific activity or mood; throw or cast away | |
prop | n: a piece of wood, metal, etc., placed beneath or against something to support it or keep it in position; a system, institution, or person that gives help or support to someone or something | |
procedure | n: a way of doing something, especially the official or well-known way | |
terrorism | n: the use of violence to attain political or religious goals or to compel a government to act | |
accident | n: an unfortunate event, especially one causing damage or injury | |
organism | n: a tiny living thing | |
normally | adv: usually; under normal conditions | |
accidentally | adv: by chance or without planning | |
superbug | n: a strain of bacteria that is resistant to multiple types of antibiotics, making it difficult or impossible to treat with traditional medications | |
literally | adv: in the real or original meaning of a word or phrase; in a literal sense or way; not figuratively | |
snowstorm | n: a storm with heavy snowfall, usually with a strong wind | |
desert | n: arid land with little or no vegetation often covered with sand or rocks | |
medical | adj: relating to the treatment of illness or injuries; relating to the practice of medicine | |
identity | n: the fact of being who or what somebody or something is; the features, emotions, or ideas that distinguish persons from one another | |
involve | v: to include or affect someone or something as a necessary part of something else | |
consent | n: permission or agreement to do something, especially given by somebody in authority | |
portion | n: one component of a larger entity | |
download | v: to transfer data or files from the Internet or computer network to a user’s computer or device; (noun) the process of transferring data or information from a remote or central computer to a local computer or device | |
synthesize | v: to combine a substance to make a more complex product or compound | |
fake | adj: not genuine; fraudulent or counterfeit | |
outcome | n: the result or effect of an action, event, etc. | |
outweigh | v: to be heavier, more significant, or more critical than something | |
laboratory | n: a workplace for doing scientific research or teaching science; a lab | |
tip | n: the top or extreme point of something slender or tapering, usually a mountain or hill; a piece of advice about something practical; a small amount of money given for services | |
iceberg | n: a large piece of ice floating in the sea, detached from a glacier | |
journalist | n: a person who collects and writes news stories or articles for newspapers, magazines, radio, television, or other online media | |
analyze | v: to think about in-depth and evaluate to discover essential features or meaning | |
saliva | n: the clear liquid that is secreted into the mouth by glands in the walls of the mouth and throat, helping to lubricate food during chewing and digestion | |
identify | v: to recognize someone or something and say or prove who or what they are | |
confront | v: to face, meet or deal with a problem or difficult situation or person | |
discovery | n: the act or process of finding information, a place, or an object, or learning about something that was previously not known | |
invasive | adj: spreading very quickly, and often aggressively, and difficult to stop | |
backyard | n: a whole space behind and belonging to a house | |
ladybug | n: a small, round, usually red or orange beetle with black spots, which feeds on aphids and other small insects | |
beetle | n: an insect having a hard shell-like back covering its wings | |
barcode | n: a series of parallel lines of varying width and spacing printed on a product or package, which can be read by a barcode scanner to quickly and accurately identify the product and its price | |
caviar | n: the eggs of sturgeon or other large fish considered a delicacy and used especially in appetizers | |
beluga | n: a type of whale found mainly in Arctic and sub-Arctic waters | |
sushi | n: a Japanese dish consisting of vinegared rice, often combined with fish or vegetables and sometimes wrapped in seaweed | |
tuna | n: a large fish of the mackerel family, found in warm seas; commonly used for commercial and sport fishing and as a food source for humans and other animals | |
mutation | n: the way in which genes of a person, plant, animal, or other organism change and produce permanent differences | |
cereal | n: a type of grain used for food, such as wheat, oats, or corn that is typically ground into flour, cooked into porridge, or used to make breakfast cereals | |
explore | v: to travel to or penetrate an area or a country to learn about it; to thoroughly examine a subject or a possibility to learn more about it | |
ancestry | n: the family or the ethnic descent that you come from | |
balloon | n: a small bag made of thin rubber or other light material that can be inflated with air or gas, used as a toy or as a decoration; (verb) to become inflated | |
stratosphere | n: the second layer of the Earth’s atmosphere, extending from about 7 to 50 kilometers above the Earth’s surface, containing the ozone layer | |
microbe | n: a tiny living thing that can only be seen with a microscope and that may cause disease | |
censor | n: a person or institution responsible for examining books, movies, and other forms of media to determine if they are harmful or offensive and should be banned or altered; an official in charge of banning or suppressing information | |
yeast | n: a type of fungus that is used in making alcoholic drinks such as beer and wine or to make bread rise | |
detect | v: to find or recognize something, especially something difficult to see, hear, etc. | |
pollutant | n: a substance or agent that pollutes or contaminates the environment, typically through release into the air, water, or soil | |
biofuel | n: a fuel produced from organic matter, such as crops or waste material, that can be used to replace or supplement traditional fossil fuels | |
spectacular | adj: striking or impressive to look at or in performance or achievement | |
ecology | n: the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment | |
perspective | n: a confident attitude toward something; a particular style of thinking about something | |
mainstream | n: the ideas, opinions, beliefs, etc., that are considered normal or accepted by most people | |
sacred | adj: connected with religion or religious purposes; worthy of respect or dedication because of a connection with a god | |
justify | v: to provide a valid or reasonable explanation, reasoning, or evidence in support of a belief, action, or decision; to defend or vindicate something as right or valid | |
humankind | n: the whole of the living human inhabitants of the earth | |
feasible | adj: capable of being or likely to be made, done, or achieved | |
guideline | n: a general rule or principle that provides guidance to appropriate behavior; a piece of advice or instructions that tell you how something should be done or what something should be | |
perception | n: a belief, opinion, or image you have based on how you regard, understand, or interpret something; the ability to see, hear, or notice something through the senses | |
spawn | v: to lay eggs or to produce offspring; to cause something to develop | |
compute | v: to make a mathematical calculation | |
AI | n: (abbreviation for artificial intelligence) the theory and development of computer systems capable of doing activities that would ordinarily need human intelligence, such as object recognition, speech recognition, decision-making, and language translation |