Important (Read me first!)
This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.
We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.
Reference Source
You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?
All Words (126 Words)
You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.
Quick Look
Podcast
YouTube Post
Advanced Words (31 Words)
If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.
YouTube Post
Word List
You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.
Word | Meaning | Advanced |
---|---|---|
naturally | adv: as might be expected; by natural manners | |
develop | v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created | |
contest | n: a competition in which people compete for supremacy in a sport or other activity; a struggle between rivals | |
explorer | n: a person who travels to places where no one or few people have been before to find out what is there | |
expedition | n: a journey or voyage for a specific purpose | |
tributary | n: a stream or river that flows into a larger one | |
discovery | n: the act or process of finding information, a place, or an object, or learning about something that was previously not known | |
gulf | n: a large ocean inlet or deep bay that is partially enclosed by land | |
graduate | n: a person who has a first degree from university or college; (verb) to complete the first course of university or college and get a degree | |
fortunate | adj: having good luck or lucky | |
laboratory | n: a workplace for doing scientific research or teaching science; a lab | |
temperamental | adj: relating to a person’s temperament or disposition; subject to changes in mood or behavior; unpredictable | |
flood | n: a large amount of water flowing beyond its normal limits; an overwhelming number or amount | |
thereafter | adv: after that; subsequently | |
shoreline | n: a line that separates land and sea | |
organic | adj: of or derived from biological substance; producing plants and animals for food and other items without the use of synthetic chemicals | |
chemistry | n: the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions | |
committed | adj: willing to put in a lot of effort, time, and energy into something; firmly believing in something | |
excessive | adj: greater than what seems necessary, normal, or desirable | |
contaminate | v: to make something impure, unclean, or poisonous by contact or mixture | |
freshwater | adj: living in, found in, or connecting with water that does not contain salt | |
planet | n: any of the nine large celestial bodies that circle in the solar system; any celestial body that revolves around a star | |
salinity | n: the presence or amount of salt in a substance, especially in water or soil; the measure of the concentration of dissolved salts in a liquid | |
relative | adj: considered and evaluated through comparison with something else | |
volume | n: the amount of space occupied by an object or substance; the magnitude of sound | |
gallon | n: a unit for measuring volume, in the US, it is equal to about 3.79 liters, and in the UK, Canada, and other countries, it is equal to about 4.55 liters | |
jug | n: a container with a handle and spout used for pouring liquids, typically made of ceramics, glass, or metal; (verb) to cook something slowly in a covered container | |
precious | adj: uncommon and extremely valuable | |
doorway | n: an opening in a wall for a door to fit into | |
wipe | v: to clean or dry something by rubbing with a piece of cloth or paper or one’s hand and removing dirt, food, or liquid | |
severe | adj: extremely serious or bad in feeling, manner, or strict and harsh; extremely strong or vigorous | |
consequence | n: the outcome of a particular action or event, especially relative to an individual | |
teaspoon | n: a small spoon used to stir or measure out small amounts of some ingredients, typically sugar, salt, or spices, in cooking or serving | |
suddenly | adv: quickly and unexpectedly | |
saltiness | n: the quality or state of being salty | |
vulnerable | adj: capable of being hurt or influenced physically or mentally | |
survey | n: an investigation of the opinions, behavior, etc. of a particular group of people, made by asking people questions | |
ailment | n: a slight but often persistent illness | |
scarcity | n: the state of being in short supply; a small and inadequate amount | |
industrial | adj: of or relating to or resulting from industry | |
statistics | n: the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data | |
arid | adj: lacking in moisture or rainfall; dry and barren; lacking in interest, life, or vitality | |
deice | v: to remove ice from a surface, especially from a vehicle or aircraft, using a chemical or mechanical means | |
potentially | adv: in a possible state or condition; possibly | |
wastewater | n: water that contains waste substances from homes, farms, factories, etc. | |
convert | v: to have a talk with someone; (adjective) reversed in order, relation, or action | |
proposal | n: a formal suggestion or offer, sometimes a written one | |
defend | v: to protect someone or something from attack, criticism, danger, etc. | |
mechanism | n: a part of a machine, or a set of parts that performs a task; a natural or established process that occurs during a specific situation or reaction | |
involve | v: to include or affect someone or something as a necessary part of something else | |
extract | n: a short passage taken from a book, piece of music, etc.; a substance obtained from something through a specific process; (verb) to obtain from something or to remove something by effort or force | |
implement | v: to put a decision, plan, or system into effect | |
recycle | v: to sort and collect things to process them and produce valuable materials that can be used again | |
reuse | v: to use something again or more than once | |
recover | v: to return to a former condition, health, mind, or strength | |
consume | v: to spend something, especially fuel, energy, or time, in a large amount | |
rehabilitate | v: to restore to good health or physical condition; to help someone return to a normal life, especially after a period of illness, addiction, or imprisonment | |
membrane | n: a soft, thin layer that forms animal or vegetable tissue | |
separate | v: to force, take, or pull apart; mark as different | |
polymer | n: a substance composed of macromolecules (= large groups of atoms) made from many smaller and simpler molecules | |
typical | adj: having the usual characteristics or traits of a specific group of things | |
negative | adj: having the quality of something bad or harmful; expressing refusal | |
repel | v: to force an attack or attacker to withdraw or retreat | |
chloride | n: a compound that is formed when the element chlorine is combined with another element, such as sodium, potassium, or calcium, and chloride ions are found in many types of salts and are important for bodily functions such as digestion and fluid balance | |
ion | n: an atom or molecule that has a positive or negative electrical charge caused by its losing or gained one or more electrons | |
dissolve | v: to be or cause to be absorbed by a liquid to form a part of the solution; to close down or dismiss | |
purify | v: to remove harmful substances from something and increase the concentration of it | |
principle | n: a fundamental law or truth that explains or controls how something happens or works | |
reverse | v: to change something’s direction, order, position, decision, etc., to the opposite one; (adjective) directed or moving toward the rear | |
osmosis | n: the process by which molecules of a solvent (such as water) move through a semipermeable membrane from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration; the gradual or subtle absorption of knowledge, ideas, or influence from one source to another | |
process | n: a series of actions or operations performed to achieve a particular outcome or goal; a systematic procedure or approach used to accomplish a specific task or objective; a method of treating milk to make it suitable for consumption or use in other dairy products | |
chamber | n: a large room used for a formal, public, or particular purpose; one of the parts of a parliament | |
concentration | n: the ability to focus all your time and energy on one thing without thinking about anything else. | |
permeable | adj: capable of being penetrated, passed through, or absorbed; allowing liquids, gases, or other substances to pass through a surface or material, often with ease | |
transport | n: a system for moving people or products from one location to another using automobiles, roads, and so on | |
equilibrium | n: a state in which opposing forces or influences are balanced | |
achieve | v: to successfully complete a task or goal, often through hard work, perseverance, and dedication; to attain or accomplish something that one has set out to do | |
opposition | n: the act of disagreeing or resisting; the state of strong disagreement | |
purity | n: the state of being undiluted or unmixed with anything else; the state of being free from immorality, especially of a sexual nature | |
mixture | n: a combination of different elements, substances, or entities, usually in non-uniform proportions, resulting in a homogeneous or heterogeneous blend of physical or chemical properties | |
modify | v: to change something slightly, such as a plan, option, law, etc., especially to make it more suitable for a particular purpose | |
refer | v: to direct someone’s attention, thoughts, or questions to another source or person; to mention, cite, or allude to something as evidence or support | |
filtration | n: the process of passing a substance (such as liquid or gas) through a medium to remove impurities or unwanted particles | |
introductory | adj: intended as an introduction or preliminary; serving as a base or starting point | |
transform | v: to change in outward structure or looks; | |
folk | n: people in general, especially those of a particular group or type | |
chemical | adj: relating to or connected with chemistry; | |
industrious | adj: hardworking, diligent, and persistent in effort | |
shock | n: a strong feeling or physical reaction to a sudden and unexpected event or experience, especially something unpleasant | |
empire | n: a group of countries ruled by one leader or government | |
environment | n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live | |
melt | v: to turn from something solid into something soft or liquid as a result of heating | |
springtime | n: the season of the year between winter and summer, typically associated with the blooming of flowers, growth of plants, and milder weather | |
runoff | n: the occurrence of surplus liquid such as water that exceeds the limit or capacity; another competition, election, race, etc., following a tie or inconclusive outcome | |
opportune | adj: suitable or happening at a time that is suitable or convenient for a particular purpose | |
psychology | n: the scientific study of mind and behavior | |
concept | n: an idea or principle associated with something abstract | |
circular | adj: shaped like a circle; having a round form | |
alkali | n: a soluble base or hydroxide that has a pH greater than 7, is bitter in taste, and can be corrosive or caustic in high concentration, often used in industry for cleaning, neutralization, or manufacturing processes | |
epoxy | n: a type of adhesive or resin that is created by combining two components, a resin, and a hardener; (verb) to glue or bind together with a type of synthetic resin known as epoxy, often used in construction, manufacturing, and repair projects | |
urethane | n: a synthetic organic compound used as a monomer to manufacture flexible and rigid polyurethane foams, adhesives, and coatings | |
solvent | adj: capable of dissolving other substances; having sufficient money to pay all outstanding debts; (noun) a liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances | |
sodium | n: a metallic element that is the most common alkali metal and is used in the production of many chemicals, including soap, glass, and paper | |
stack | n: a pile of something arranged or laid one on top of another; a large tall chimney through which combustion gases and smoke can be evacuated | |
linear | adj: of, relating to, or consisting of lines or length; able to be expressed as a straight line, especially on a graph | |
economy | n: the system by which a country or region produces manages, and distributes goods and services, including the money and finances involved in these activities; (of an airline) the lowest-priced, most basic option for seating in commercial travel | |
functional | adj: designed for or capable of a particular activity, purpose, or task; practical or ready for use or service | |
conversion | n: the act or process of changing something from one thing to another; the state of being changed | |
regenerate | v: to improve or renew an area, institution, system, etc., especially by making it more active or successful | |
byproduct | n: a secondary or incidental product produced in the manufacture or synthesis of something else | |
stream | n: a small, narrow river; a continuous flow of something, such as liquid, gas, people, vehicles, etc. | |
propylene | n: a chemical compound that is a colorless and flammable gas obtained by cracking petroleum, especially used for making polymers | |
oxide | n: a chemical compound that contains at least one oxygen atom and one other element | |
basis | n: the most important facts, ideas, or events from which something is developed; the way how things are organized or arranged | |
barrier | n: a fence or other obstruction that makes it hard to move or get in; any condition that makes it difficult to make progress or to achieve an objective | |
discharge | v: to release or let go of something or someone; to dismiss or terminate an employee or member of an organization; to emit or give off a substance or energy | |
undervalue | v: to assign too low a value to something | |
sustainable | adj: able to continue or be continued for a long time | |
manufacture | v: to make goods in large numbers, usually in a factory using machines | |
resident | n: a person who lives in a particular place or has their home in a place | |
cape | n: a type of long, loose outer garment that covers the back, shoulders, and arms; a headland or promontory extending into the sea or other large body of water | |
year-over-year | adj: a comparison of statistics or financial data from one year to the next, typically calculated as a percentage change | |
drought | n: a long period of time during which there is very little or no rain, leading to a shortage of water and often causing damage to crops and other vegetation | |
reserve | v: to keep something for future use or contingency; to obtain or arrange something, such as a meeting, seat, etc., in advance | |
flush | v: to become red on your face, especially because you are embarrassed, angry, or hot; to rinse, clean, or empty something, especially a toilet, by causing large quantities of water to flow | |
toilet | n: a bowl-shaped plumbing fixture with a seat for defecation and urination, or a room or building containing one or more of this fixture |