Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (107 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (12 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
tropical	adj: originating in, located in, or characteristic of the tropics
carbon	n: a chemical element that can be found in pure form as diamond or graphite, and it is also an essential part of coal and oil and is found in all plants and animals
sink	v: to submerge or go down below the surface of a liquid or substance; to decline or deteriorate; to cause something to go down into a liquid substance or sink into something else
absorb	v: to take in a fluid or other substance gradually
emission	n: the act of production or sending out gas, heat, light, etc.
fossil	n: any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing that has become hard and turned into rock
fuel	n: a substance that is typically burned to generate heat or energy
climate	n: the weather in a particular location averaged over some long period
tip	n: the top or extreme point of something slender or tapering, usually a mountain or hill; a piece of advice about something practical; a small amount of money given for services
vast	adj: enormous in size, number, amount, or quantity
threat	n: a strong indication or likelihood of harm, danger, or adverse consequences; an expression of intent to inflict harm or injury on someone or something, often made as a means of coercion or intimidation
deforest	v: to clear an area of forest or trees
pollution	n: the introduction of harmful substances or waste into the natural environment that causes adverse change
combine	v: to join or merge to form a single thing or group
temperature	n: the degree of hotness or coldness of a thing or place
economy	n: the system by which a country or region produces manages, and distributes goods and services, including the money and finances involved in these activities; (of an airline) the lowest-priced, most basic option for seating in commercial travel
profitable	adj: making or likely to make material gain or profit
chop	v: to cut something into pieces with a sharp tool, such as a knife
timber	n: the wood of trees cut and prepared for construction
agriculture	n: the practice or science of cultivating the land or raising stock
halt	v: to bring or come to a stop; to force to stop moving or operating
capitalism	n: an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit
abandon	v: to leave a place, thing, or person with no intention of returning; (noun) a feeling of extreme emotional intensity
develop	v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created
incentive	n: something, such as a punishment, reward, etc., that encourages a person to do something
invest	v: to put money, effort, time, etc. into something to make a profit or achieve a result
chunk	n: a thick and solid mass or piece of something
soy	n: a legume plant that is widely cultivated for its edible bean, which has many uses, such as for oil, food, and animal feed
pollute	v: to make an area or substance, such as land, air, water, etc., dirty or harmful to living things by adding waste matter or harmful chemicals
entirely	adv: completely
government	n: the group of people with authority to control a country or state
enforcement	n: the act of ensuring that rules, regulations, or laws are obeyed or implemented; the act of applying force or pressure to compel compliance with rules or laws
illegal	adj: not allowed by law
grab	v: to take hold of something or someone suddenly with a hand, especially in a violent way
empower	v: to give someone the power or authority to do something
communal	adj: belonging to or used by a group rather than individuals; for common use
indigenous	adj: someone or something that is native to or occurring naturally in a particular place
territory	n: an area under the control of a ruler or state
chain	n: a series of connected links or objects; a system or group of interconnected elements; a restraint or shackle
sustainable	adj: able to continue or be continued for a long time
broad	adj: very wide; general
array	n: a large group or collection of things or people, especially one that is impressive or attractive
governor	n: the person who holds the highest executive office in a state or province
elect	v: to choose someone for a specific position by voting for them; to decide or choose to do something
immediately	adv: now or without delay
affirm	v: to assert that something is true or real; to state positively
commitment	n: a promise or firm decision to do something or to behave in a certain way
policy	n: a set of rules, guidelines, principles, or procedures that govern decision-making or action, often used in the context of business or government; a course of action or plan of action adopted or followed by an organization or individual to achieve a goal or objective
attract	v: to draw or entice someone or something towards them through the qualities they have, especially positive ones
stave	n: a long, narrow piece of wood or similar material, often used as a structural element in construction or to make barrels, musical instruments, furniture, or other objects; (verb) to fend off, ward off or prevent something from happening
catastrophe	n: a sudden event that causes extreme ruin and misfortune
bold	adj: brave, daring, and confident; not frightened of danger or afraid to say what you feel or to take risks
experiment	n: the scientific test conducted to observe what happens and gain new knowledge
preserve	v: to keep or maintain a particular quality, feature, etc., especially to prevent it from decaying, being damaged, or being destroyed
extend	v: to broaden in scope, range, or area
jurisdiction	n: the extent or range of authority, power, or control exercised by a particular entity or organization, such as a government or court; the area within which such authority or control is exercised
durable	adj: capable of lasting and being used for a long time without being damaged or destroyed
finance	n: the management of money, credit, banking, and investments, especially by a government or commercial organization; the branch of economics that studies the management of money and other assets
unlock	v: to open something, such as a door, window, etc., usually using a key
livelihood	n: a means of earning money people need to pay for food, a place to live, clothing, etc.
nation	n: a large organized community of people living in a particular country or region and having a particular culture
superpower	n: a country or nation that has significant global influence or formidable military, economic, or technological strength; a supernatural ability or force capable of extraordinary feats or feats beyond normal human capabilities
capture	v: to catch a person or an animal and confine them in an area which they cannot escape
coalition	n: a temporary alliance formed by two or more political parties for combined action; the state of being combined into one body
accelerate	v: to make something faster or earlier; to cause to develop or progress more quickly
committed	adj: willing to put in a lot of effort, time, and energy into something; firmly believing in something
reduction	n: a decrease in size, amount, or degree
prospect	n: the possibility or likelihood of something happening or being successful; a person or thing that is likely to succeed or become popular; a potential customer or client; (verb) to explore for useful or valuable things or substances, such as minerals
whiteboard	n: a smooth, hard writing surface, typically white, that can be written on with dry-erase markers and easily erased
environment	n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live
defend	v: to protect someone or something from attack, criticism, danger, etc.
purity	n: the state of being undiluted or unmixed with anything else; the state of being free from immorality, especially of a sexual nature
theoretical	adj: relating to the concepts and principles upon which a particular topic is founded, rather than practice and experience
essential	adj: indispensable; fundamental
credible	adj: capable of being trusted or believed
accurate	adj: correct and exact in all details
measurement	n: the act or process of finding something’s size, quantity, or degree
platform	n: the raised flat space close to the track at a train station where passengers get on or off the train; (technology) a computational or digital environment in which a piece of software is executed
transaction	n: an instance of buying or selling something; the act or process of doing something
precise	adj: sharply exact or accurate or delimited
advance	v: to go or move forward; to develop in a positive way
satellite	n: an electronic device that is sent up into space and moves around the Earth or another planet, used for gathering information or communicating by radio, television, etc.
individual	n: a single person or thing, as distinct from a group
buffer	n: a device, material, or person that reduces the impact or effect of an external force or provides protection against harm or damage
ambition	n: a strong wish to do or achieve something
intermediary	n: a person or organization that acts as a go-between or mediator in negotiations or transactions between two or more parties; a middleman, a broker, or an agent who facilitates communication, trade, or dealings
emergent	adj: starting to exist or view, or to become known
voluntary	adj: done of one’s own free will; without being forced or coerced
reliable	adj: worthy of being relied on; trustworthy
robust	adj: sturdy and healthy in form, constitution, or construction; strong enough to withstand or overcome intellectual challenges or adversity
thrive	v: to grow vigorously; to make steady progress
cattle	n: cows, bulls, and buffalos that are raised for their milk or meat as farm animals
quarter	n: one of four equal parts; a fourth part or portion
plummet	v: to fall or drop suddenly and steeply; to decline rapidly or sharply
outcome	n: the result or effect of an action, event, etc.
investor	n: someone who puts money or capital into something to gain financial returns
operate	v: to work in a particular way; to supervise something
contribute	v: to give something, especially money or goods, to provide or achieve something together with other people
substitute	n: a person or thing acting or serving instead of another one; (verb) to act as a something or someone instead of another one
supplement	n: something that is added to something else to make it better or complete it
achieve	v: to successfully complete a task or goal, often through hard work, perseverance, and dedication; to attain or accomplish something that one has set out to do
dramatic	adj: very sudden, very excellent, or full of action and excitement
enormous	adj: extremely large or great
encouraging	adj: giving hope, confidence, or support; inspiring
expand	v: to increase or to make something greater in size, number, or importance
planet	n: any of the nine large celestial bodies that circle in the solar system; any celestial body that revolves around a star
harness	v: to control and exploit the power of something, especially natural resources that produce energy; (noun) a set of narrow pieces of leather and metal that are used to control or hold in place a person, animal, or object