Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (104 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (21 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
sibling	n: a brother or sister; member of a family born to the same parents
opposition	n: the act of disagreeing or resisting; the state of strong disagreement
spectrum	n: an ordered array of colors into which a light beam can be split
unique	adj: being the only one of its kind; unlike anything else
environment	n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live
precise	adj: sharply exact or accurate or delimited
obesity	n: the condition of being significantly overweight, typically defined as having a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or greater.
fascinate	v: to attract and hold the attention of someone deeply and irresistibly
experiment	n: the scientific test conducted to observe what happens and gain new knowledge
curve	n: a bend or angle in a line or surface that deviates from a straight or flat path; a gradual or smooth change in direction or shape
distribute	v: to give something to a large number of individuals, or to spread or furnish something
skinny	adj: having a very thin or slim body; referring to clothing that is tightly fitting and reveals the shape of the body; referring to information or details that are kept secret or confidential
obese	adj: excessively overweight, particularly to the point of being a serious health risk; having a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more
breed	v: to keep animals for producing offspring in a regulated manner
distinct	adj: noticeable from something else of a similar type
diet	n: the food and drink that a person, animal, or community eats and drinks regularly; a legislative assembly in certain countries, for example, Japan
resistant	adj: not affected by something, especially changes or new ideas; of or relating to immunity to disease or infection
prone	adj: inclined or likely to do something or to show a particular characteristic, especially something bad; lying face downward
massive	adj: enormous amount; very heavy and solid
underfed	adj: not receiving sufficient nutrients or food to maintain a healthy body or sustain normal growth and development
dietary	adj: relating to or affecting the way that a person eats or the specific foods that they consume
regimen	n: a prescribed course of medical treatment, diet, or exercise for the promotion or restoration of health
trajectory	n: the curved path followed by an object moving through space
initial	adj: of or happening at the beginning; (noun) the first letter of a word, especially a person’s name
scratch	v: to cut or damage the surface of something or the skin with a sharp or pointed object
weigh	v: to have a particular weight; to carefully evaluate things before making a conclusion
argue	v: to express differing opinions or points of view, often in a heated or contentious manner; to present a case or reasoning to persuade or convince others
degree	n: a unit of measurement for angles, temperature, or level of proficiency or achievement; a rank or level of academic or professional attainment
predetermine	v: to decide or determine in advance; to establish or influence beforehand
disease	n: a disorder or illness that affects the body or mind, often characterized by specific symptoms or abnormal functioning of organs or systems
audacious	adj: showing a willingness to take bold risks or to do something that is considered unconventional or daring; marked by originality, creativity, or boldness
magnitude	n: the extent, level, importance, or amount of something
declare	v: to say, state, or announce something clearly, officially, or publicly
pandemic	n: an outbreak of a disease that affects many people over a very wide area
diabetes	n: a medical condition in which the body cannot produce enough insulin to control the glucose levels in the blood
hypertension	n: a medical condition characterized by abnormally high blood pressure in the arteries, often leading to an increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and other health problems
cardiovascular	adj: of or relating to the heart and blood vessels (= tubes that carry blood around the body)
cancer	n: abnormal growth of cells that can invade and destroy surrounding tissues and organs; a disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells
osteoarthritis	n: a common form of arthritis that affects the joints, particularly the hands, hips, and knees, characterized by degeneration of the cartilage that cushions the bones and allows for smooth movements
depression	n: a mental condition in which a person feels very unhappy and without hope for the future; a severe recession in an economy or market
individual	n: a single person or thing, as distinct from a group
suffer	v: to experience pain, distress, or hardship; to undergo or endure something painful or unpleasant
overweight	adj: weighing more than is considered normal, desirable, or healthy for a particular height and build
perspective	n: a confident attitude toward something; a particular style of thinking about something
devastating	adj: causing a great deal of destruction or damage
surge	n: a sudden and great increase of something, such as a feeling, the amount or number, etc.
medical	adj: relating to the treatment of illness or injuries; relating to the practice of medicine
communal	adj: belonging to or used by a group rather than individuals; for common use
blame	v: to think or say that someone or something did something wrong or is responsible for something bad
esteem	n: great respect and approval for or a good opinion of someone
sham	n: something that is not as good or true as it seems to be and is intended to deceive people; a person who pretends to be something they are not
heartbreak	n: a feeling of great sadness or disappointment
counterproductive	adj: having the opposite effect to the one intended or wanted
proof	n: a fact or piece of information that shows something is true or exists
medically	adv: in a way that relates to the practice of medicine and the treatment of illness and injury
define	v: to state or explain precisely the nature, scope, or meaning of something
process	n: a series of actions or operations performed to achieve a particular outcome or goal; a systematic procedure or approach used to accomplish a specific task or objective; a method of treating milk to make it suitable for consumption or use in other dairy products
impair	v: to damage something or make it weaker or worse
functional	adj: designed for or capable of a particular activity, purpose, or task; practical or ready for use or service
susceptible	adj: easily influenced, harmed, or affected by something
genetic	adj: of or relating to genes (= parts of the DNA in cells) or the science of genes
instance	n: a particular example or single occurrence of something
duplicate	v: to make or be an exact copy of something; to reproduce something
gene	n: the fundamental unit of heredity and the sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for the creation of RNA or protein.
chromosome	n: a long and string-like DNA molecule containing the part or all of the genetic material of an organism that controls what an animal or plant is like
mutation	n: the way in which genes of a person, plant, animal, or other organism change and produce permanent differences
leptin	n: a hormone produced by fat cells that regulate appetite and metabolism in the body
deficiency	n: the state of lack, or not having enough of, something that is essential
prediction	n: the act of predicting the future by reasoning; a statement made about the future
makeup	n: colored substances used on someone’s face to improve or change their appearance
obvious	adj: easy to see, discover or understand
calorie	n: unit of heat defined as the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius at atmospheric pressure, used by nutritionists to measure how much energy food will produce
relative	adj: considered and evaluated through comparison with something else
abundance	n: a significant amount of something; the situation in which there is too much of something
adapt	v: to make fit for or change to suit a new purpose or environment
feast	n: a large meal, typically one served on a special occasion
famine	n: a severe shortage of food, often caused by drought, war, or economic reasons
starvation	n: a severe lack of food that leads to malnutrition and, ultimately, death
brain	n: the organ inside the head that is responsible for one’s movement, thought, memory, and feeling
electrical	adj: relating to electricity
discrete	adj: separate and distinct; not continuous; individually distinguishable
peptide	n: a molecule made up of two or more amino acids linked in a chain, found in the structure of proteins
hormone	n: a chemical substance made by organs that encourages or influences the development, growth, sex, etc., of an animal and is carried around the body in the blood
molecule	n: a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds
gut	n: the long tube in the body of a person or animal through which food passes when it leaves the stomach; the mental strength or bravery required to do something difficult or unpleasant
belly	n: the front part of the body below the chest, containing the stomach and bowels; the rounded or curved part of an object, such as a ship or aircraft
nervous	adj: worried and anxious about something; relating to the nerves
desire	n: a strong feeling of wanting to have or do something
overeat	v: to eat more food than one needs or can comfortably consume, often to the point of discomfort or illness
circuit	n: (in electrical engineering) an electrical device that provides a path for electrical current to flow; a journey or route around a particular place or area
interact	v: to communicate or react with somebody
intake	n: the act or process of taking food, air, etc., into your body through the mouth; the amount of food, air, or another substance that you take into your body
engineer	n: a person whose job is designing, building, or maintaining something such as machines, structures, or software
discovery	n: the act or process of finding information, a place, or an object, or learning about something that was previously not known
numerous	adj: amounting to a large indefinite number
pivotal	adj: relating to or acting as a pivot or central point; crucial or essential to the success or outcome of something
regulation	n: an official rule made and maintained by a government or some other authority; the act of controlling or directing something according to a rule
explore	v: to travel to or penetrate an area or a country to learn about it; to thoroughly examine a subject or a possibility to learn more about it
crisis	n: a time of great disagreement, confusion, or danger when problems must be resolved or critical decisions must be taken
planet	n: any of the nine large celestial bodies that circle in the solar system; any celestial body that revolves around a star
determinant	n: a factor, circumstance, or condition that contributes to the shaping, influencing, or determining of a particular outcome or result
treatment	n: the way in which someone deals with or behaves towards someone or something; medical care provided to a patient for an injury or illness.
strive	v: to try very hard to do, achieve, or obtain something
chronic	adj: being long-lasting and recurrent or characterized by long suffering; habitual