Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (277 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (84 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
fantastic	adj: extremely good; excellent
secondly	adv: used to introduce the second point or item in a list or series of statements, considerations, etc.
honor	n: high regard or great respect for someone; the quality of having and doing based on a keen sense of morality; (verb) to show respect towards someone
extraordinary	adj: exceptional, unexpected, very unusual; surpassing the ordinary or usual
amazing	adj: extremely surprising, especially in a way that you like or admire
tropical	adj: originating in, located in, or characteristic of the tropics
rainforest	n: a forest rich in biodiversity that is generally found in tropical settings with heavy annual rainfall
indigenous	adj: someone or something that is native to or occurring naturally in a particular place
parrot	n: a tropical bird with a curved beak and the ability to mimic sounds, often kept as a pet and trained to copy the human voice
develop	v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created
contaminate	v: to make something impure, unclean, or poisonous by contact or mixture
polluted	adj: contaminated with harmful or poisonous substances
solar	adj: of, from, or relating to the sun
panel	n: a square or rectangular and flat piece of something that forms a distinct section or component of something; a small group of specialists who discuss particular topics or give their advice or opinion about something
pump	v: to cause water, air, gas, etc. to move from one place to another by using mechanical equipment; to get or supply something such as money, information, etc. in significant quantities
battery	n: a device that is placed inside a car, gadget, equipment, etc. and that provides electrical power to them
electrify	v: to make a machine or system work by using electricity; to make someone extremely enthusiastic about or interested in something
communal	adj: belonging to or used by a group rather than individuals; for common use
chief	adj: most important or primary; (noun) a person who is in charge
regal	adj: of or relating to royalty; fitting for or indicating royalty; stately, dignified, or impressive; characterized by grandeur or magnificence
finery	n: elegant or elaborate clothing, accessories, or decorations, typically used for special occasions or formal events; fine materials or ornaments used to enhance the appearance
laptop	n: a portable computer that is small enough to be carried around easily and used on your lap
suddenly	adv: quickly and unexpectedly
era	n: a period that is distinct from others, typically in history
modern	adj: of or belonging to the present time or recent times
debt	n: something, especially money, goods, or services owed by one person to another; the state of owing something
exploit	v: to make full use of and gain an advantage from resources, opportunities, etc.
expertise	n: specialized knowledge or skills in a particular field or subject; expert proficiency or knowledge
civilization	n: a complex and highly organized society that has developed over time and has a dominant culture, including features such as language, religion, government, technology, and social customs
wade	v: to walk through water that is not deep enough to swim in; to struggle or proceed slowly and laboriously through something, such as a difficult situation or a crowd of people
cult	n: a small religious group, especially one that is not part of a larger religion and that is regarded as outside the norm; followers of an exclusive system of beliefs and practices
humming	adj: producing a continuous, low, vibrating sound like that of the bee
compose	v: to write music, poetry, or formal writing; to constitute or make up a whole, or a specified part of it
propose	v: to make a proposal, declare a plan for something
confer	v: to have a meeting or discussion to come to a decision or agreement or exchange ideas; to bestow something
kingdom	n: the country ruled by a king or queen
slide	v: to move or cause to move smoothly along a surface without interruption
greet	v: to say hello to someone; to express welcome on meeting someone
chimpanzee	n: a small, very intelligent ape found in west and central Africa with black or brown fur
transform	v: to change in outward structure or looks;
biology	n: the scientific study of life and the natural processes of living things
feces	n: waste matter eliminated from the bowels; excrement
analyze	v: to think about in-depth and evaluate to discover essential features or meaning
individual	n: a single person or thing, as distinct from a group
infant	n: a baby or very young child
promiscuous	adj: having casual sexual relations frequently with different partners; indiscriminate in the choice of sexual partners; not selective of a single class or person
mating	n: the act of pairing a male and female for reproductive purposes
avenue	n: a wide road in a town or city, especially with trees or tall buildings on both sides; a line of approach
geography	n: a field of science devoted to the study of the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of the Earth
determinant	n: a factor, circumstance, or condition that contributes to the shaping, influencing, or determining of a particular outcome or result
satellite	n: an electronic device that is sent up into space and moves around the Earth or another planet, used for gathering information or communicating by radio, television, etc.
imagery	n: the use of words or pictures in books, photographs, paintings, etc., that produces pictures in the minds of people; the ability to form mental images of things or events
deforestation	n: the act of cutting down or burning trees in a large area
infrared	adj: relating to or denoting electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength just longer than that of red light but shorter than that of microwave radiation, used for sensing heat and for remote control
equip	v: to provide a person or a place with the things that are needed for a particular purpose or activity
tap	v: to hit someone or something quickly, gently, and often repeatedly; to use existing resources, such as energy, knowledge, etc.
brain	n: the organ inside the head that is responsible for one’s movement, thought, memory, and feeling
studied	adj: deliberately considered or scrutinized; carefully thought out or planned
captivity	n: the situation in which a person or animal is kept in prison or a space that they cannot escape from
cognition	n: the psychological process of perception and learning and reasoning; the mental action or process by which knowledge and understanding are developed in the mind
capable	adj: having the ability, skill, or potential to do something; competent or proficient in a particular task or area of expertise
absolutely	adv: without restriction or limitation; completely or utterly
intellect	n: the ability to think logically and comprehend information, especially at an advanced level
AI	n: (abbreviation for artificial intelligence) the theory and development of computer systems capable of doing activities that would ordinarily need human intelligence, such as object recognition, speech recognition, decision-making, and language translation
sensitive	adj: able to notice slight changes, signals, or influences; able to feel or perceive other’s feelings; susceptible to the things people say or do
hooked	adj: being caught or caught up in something; curved down like an eagle’s beak
complexity	n: the state or quality of being complicated or intricate and difficult to understand
experiment	n: the scientific test conducted to observe what happens and gain new knowledge
concentration	n: the ability to focus all your time and energy on one thing without thinking about anything else.
satisfaction	n: a pleasant feeling you have when you have fulfilled a desire, need, or expectation or have achieved something
reward	n: a thing given in acknowledgment of service, hard work, achievement, etc.
raisin	n: a dried grape, typically made from certain varieties of grapes that are specifically grown for this purpose; a popular snack food or baking ingredient
beforehand	adv: ahead of time; in advance
gorilla	n: a large, powerful, and intelligent primate found in the forests of central Africa, with coarse black or brown fur and a distinctive face
orangutan	n: a large long-armed ape with red-brown hair that lives in Borneo and Sumatra and has arboreal habits
vivid	adj: producing very clear, powerful, and detailed images in the mind
vegetation	n: plants in general, particularly those indigenous to a particular region or spot
climate	n: the weather in a particular location averaged over some long period
hunch	v: to lean forward or arch one’s back in a way that suggests a feeling of suspicion or uncertainty; to have a feeling or presentiment that something is true or likely to happen, without evidence or explicit proof
termite	n: a small, pale social insect that feeds on wood and can cause significant damage to wooden structures and furniture
mound	n: a raised area of ground or dirt, often used for burial, construction, or as a fortification; a large, rounded pile or heap
peer	n: a person who has the same age, status, or ability
binocular	n: (often used in plural form) a device or instrument designed for use with both eyes simultaneously, enabling a viewer to see objects in a three-dimensional perspective and with greater depth perception; (adjective) relating to or involving both eyes, especially when viewing through a device such as a pair of binoculars; involving or requiring the use of both eyes
fortunate	adj: having good luck or lucky
numb	adj: unable to feel physical sensation and movement; not showing human feeling or sensitivity
underground	adj: under the surface of the ground; a secret group organized to achieve a specific purpose, such as overthrowing the government or occupying a force
nest	n: a structure in which animals lay their eggs or give birth to their young
leafy	adj: covered with or having many leaves; of or relating to plants that produce many leaves, especially those that are broad and flat
twig	n: a small, thin, flexible branch or shoot of a tree or shrub; a slender, fragile, or delicate object or individual
strip	v: to remove the surface from something; (noun) a sizeable narrow piece of something such as paper, metal, cloth, etc., or area of land, sea, etc.
mod	n: a modification or alteration, typically one made to improve something or increase its functionality; a British teenager or young adult in the 1960s, noted for their clothes consciousness and opposition to the rockers
suitable	adj: fit or appropriate; proper; adapted
specific	adj: clearly defined or particular to a certain thing or situation; distinct, explicit, and precise
exciting	adj: causing a lot of interest or excitement
breakthrough	n: a sudden, dramatic, and important discovery or development that helps to improve a situation or provide an answer to a problem
define	v: to state or explain precisely the nature, scope, or meaning of something
mentor	n: a person who helps and advises a younger or less experienced person over time, usually at work or school
redefine	v: to change the meaning or interpretation of something; to make people think about something in a new or different way
moreover	adv: indicating that what follows is an additional or supplementary point; furthermore; in addition to what has been said before
passe	adj: no longer fashionable or current; outdated; considered to be old-fashioned or out of date
generation	n: all the people born and living at about the same time, regarded collectively; the production of heat or electricity
observation	n: the act or activity of carefully examining or monitoring something or someone
imitation	n: a duplicate of anything, particularly something valuable; the act of replicating someone or something
definition	n: a concise explanation of the meaning of a word, phrase, or symbol
ape	n: a large animal with long arms, no tail, and usually a lot of body hair, including gorillas, chimpanzees, orangutans, and gibbons
mammal	n: any animal of which the female gives birth to live young, not eggs, and feeds her young on milk from her own body
divide	v: to separate or cause to separate into parts or groups
arrogance	n: excessive self-confidence or self-importance
discuss	v: to talk about or examine in detail through conversation or debate; to exchange ideas, opinions, or information on a particular topic
fascinating	adj: extremely interesting
childhood	n: the state or time of being a child
suckle	v: to feed or nurse at the mother’s breast or a similar source of fluid, usually used for infants or young animals obtaining milk
emotional	adj: relating to people’s feelings
dependence	n: the state or condition of relying or depending on someone or something else; a relationship in which one person or thing is influenced, controlled, or supported by another
importance	n: the quality of being important and worthy of note
flexible	adj: able to change or be changed to suit new conditions or situations; able to bend easily
awful	adj: causing fear, dread, or terror; very bad or unpleasant
affectionate	adj: showing fondness, love, or affection towards someone or something; expressing care and tenderness in gestures, words, or actions toward others
bond	n: a close emotional connection between two or more people; a certificate of debt that a government or corporation issues to raise money
broth	n: a liquid in which meat, fish, or vegetables have been cooked, used as a base for soups and stews
lifetime	n: the duration of someone’s life or something’s existence;
compassion	n: a strong feeling of sympathy and sadness for another’s suffering or bad luck
altruism	n: the belief or practice of disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others; unselfish devotion to the welfare of others often expressed as acts of kindness or charity
nonverbal	adj: not involving or using spoken or written language; communicated through body language, facial expression, or other means besides language
communicate	v: to share or exchange information with others by speaking, writing, moving your body, or using other signals
circumstance	n: the specific conditions or events that surround a particular situation or occurrence
posture	n: the position in which a person holds their body when standing or sitting; (verb) to behave affectedly or unnaturally to impress others
gesture	n: a movement of the hands, head, or face that express a particular meaning
embrace	v: to accept something willingly and enthusiastically; (noun) the act of clasping another person in the arms as in greeting or affection
pat	v: to touch or tap something lightly and usually in a friendly or encouraging manner; to apply or rub lightly and repetitively
swagger	v: to walk or behave in a very confident and typically arrogant or aggressive way
fist	n: a hand with the fingers clenched tightly into the palm to form a hard rounded shape; an act of striking someone or something with the fist
context	n: the circumstances, facts, or conditions that surround a particular event, situation, or statement and that give it meaning
sophisticated	adj: having a great deal of worldly experience and knowledge of people’s behavior, culture, and fashion
cooperation	n: the act or situation of working together with someone towards a shared purpose, benefit, etc.
hunt	v: to go after and try to catch wild animals to kill them for food, sport, or profit
prey	n: the object of a hunt; an animal hunted or trapped for eating
emotion	n: a strong feeling such as love, anger, etc. deriving from one’s situation, mood, or relationships with others
despair	n: the feeling that there is no hope and you cannot do anything to improve a difficult situation
suffer	v: to experience pain, distress, or hardship; to undergo or endure something painful or unpleasant
stud	n: a small object with a head on one end and a sharp point on the other, used for fastening clothing, leather, or other materials; an animal used for breeding, typically a male horse or bull that is of superior breeding stock; (verb) to decorate or adorn with studs; to provide with studs for support
personality	n: a person’s distinct combination of character, behavioral, temperamental, emotional, and mental traits that define them as an individual and set them apart from others
creature	n: a living being, especially an animal
recognize	v: to acknowledge or realize something or someone; to identify, remember, or become aware of something that was previously known or encountered
opposed	adj: being completely different from something or disagreeing strongly with something
humor	n: the quality of being amusing or funny; the liquid parts of the body
traditionally	adv: in accordance with tradition; typically or commonly done in a particular way
prerogative	n: a special right or privilege that is exclusive to a particular group or person; a discretionary power or authority that is granted by law or custom
planet	n: any of the nine large celestial bodies that circle in the solar system; any celestial body that revolves around a star
abuse	n: the use of something in an incorrect or harmful manner
sentient	adj: having the ability to perceive or feel things, particularly through sense perception like touch or sight, especially at higher levels of intelligence and consciousness
sapient	adj: wise, sage-like, or showing great wisdom; characterized by or related to intelligence, discernment, and deep understanding
sham	n: something that is not as good or true as it seems to be and is intended to deceive people; a person who pretends to be something they are not
humility	n: the quality or condition of being humble; a low estimate of one’s self
disappear	v: to cease to exist or be visible
population	n: the total number of people in a country, region, or location
timber	n: the wood of trees cut and prepared for construction
clear-cut	adj: defined or delimited sharply and distinctly; easily seen or understood; without ambiguity or confusion
multinational	adj: relating to or involving multiple countries or nationalities; having operations or business interests in multiple countries
untouched	adj: not touched or disturbed by anyone or anything; not having been altered, changed, or affected in any way
basin	n: a natural depression or valley that is circular or oval on the surface of the earth, especially one that has water in it; a container with a bowl form that is typically used to hold food or liquids
bushmeat	n: meat from wild animals, especially in Africa, that is hunted for food or traditional medicinal purposes
habitat	n: the type of natural environment in which an organism or group usually lives or occurs
harmony	n: the combination of simultaneous musical notes to produce a pleasing effect; an attractive combination of related things and their properties
killing	n: the act of causing death; a sudden and intense force or effect that causes significant damage or destruction; a situation where someone is making a substantial amount of money or experiencing significant financial success
transport	n: a system for moving people or products from one location to another using automobiles, roads, and so on
domestic	adj: relating to or inside a particular country, not foreign or international
prefer	v: to like, choose, or want one thing or person better than another
sustainable	adj: able to continue or be continued for a long time
pygmy	adj: relating to or characteristic of a group of small-statured people inhabiting certain regions in Africa; referring to something very small in size or scale
corrupt	adj: characterized by dishonest behavior or actions, often involving bribery, fraud, or the abuse of power for personal gain; morally or ethically flawed or polluted; (verb) to make someone or something morally depraved or causing it to become dishonest
destroy	v: to ruin or damage severely or completely; to eradicate or eliminate completely
diversity	n: the quality or fact of many different types of things or people being included in something; a range of different things or people
grim	adj: looking or sounding very serious or gloomy
desert	n: arid land with little or no vegetation often covered with sand or rocks
massive	adj: enormous amount; very heavy and solid
hunger	n: a strong desire or craving for something; a feeling of discomfort or weakness caused by lack of food; a chronic condition of insufficient food intake and malnutrition
disease	n: a disorder or illness that affects the body or mind, often characterized by specific symptoms or abnormal functioning of organs or systems
crippling	adj: causing someone to become unable to walk or move; causing severe damage or harm
poverty	n: the condition of being extremely poor
doll	n: a child’s toy that typically represents a human figure, especially a young girl; an attractive woman; a woman who is subservient or passive
pray	v: to make a request or petition to a higher power, especially in the form of a respectful or humble request
inevitable	adj: certain to happen and unavoidable
distant	adj: far away in space, time, or where you are; far apart in relevance, relationship, or kinship
accumulate	v: to collect or acquire a large number of things over a long period of time
wisdom	n: the quality of being wise, or the ability to use your knowledge and experience to make sensible decisions
steward	n: a person responsible for the management and care of another’s property or for the supervision of the domestic staff of a large household or organization; a person in charge of arranging for the supply of food to a college, club, etc.
poisonous	adj: containing or producing toxic substances; harmful or dangerous to living beings, often causing illness, injury, or death; capable of causing serious harm or destruction
faraway	adj: located at a geographically distant place; remote or separated by distance; distant or not easily accessible
chemical	adj: relating to or connected with chemistry;
asthma	n: a chronic respiratory disease characterized by wheezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing
cancer	n: abnormal growth of cells that can invade and destroy surrounding tissues and organs; a disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells
filthy	adj: dirty or unclean, often to an extreme or offensive degree; morally offensive or obscene
toxic	adj: of or relating to or caused by a poison; poisonous
dump	v: to deposit or dispose of something, such as trash, waste, etc., carelessly or hurriedly
psychology	n: the scientific study of mind and behavior
concrete	adj: existing in a physical or material form rather than an abstract one; based on facts rather than ideas or guesses; made of or covered with cement
virtual	adj: being actually such in almost every respect; existing in essence or effect though not in actual fact
opportune	adj: suitable or happening at a time that is suitable or convenient for a particular purpose
dappled	adj: marked with spots or patches of different colors or shades; having a mottled or speckled appearance; characterized by a play of light and shadow
speck	n: a very small spot, piece, or amount
canopy	n: a covering, typically of fabric, supported on poles or suspended above a bed, throne, or other object, used to shelter or screen the person or object below it
dwindle	v: to gradually decrease in size, amount, or strength; to become smaller
awareness	n: the fact or state of knowing something exists and is important
plight	n: a difficult or unfortunate situation
interconnect	v: to connect similar things
stem	n: the central part of something from which other parts can develop or grow; the part of a word common to all its inflected variants; (verb) to grow out of, have roots in, or originate in
greedy	adj: having or showing an intense or insatiable desire for wealth, status, power, or food
nonsense	n: an idea, behavior, or something spoken or written that has no meaning or makes no sense or that is silly or unacceptable
merry	adj: cheerful and lively, often with a sense of joyfulness or celebration; characterized by a happy or festive mood
hopeless	adj: having no hope; despairing; having no chance of success
violent	adj: involving or caused by physical force or aggression against someone or something
grandchild	n: a child of someone’s son or daughter
compromise	v: to settle a problem or disagreement by mutual concession
brochure	n: a small book or pamphlet advertising a product, service, or place of interest
beg	v: to ask for something urgently or earnestly; to appeal to someone to do something
firm	adj: resolute or unwavering in decision-making or action; strong or secure in structure, make, or composition; reliable, trustworthy, or dependable; (noun) a business or company
foundation	n: the lowest load-bearing part of a building, typically below ground level; a fundamental basis or principle upon which something is built or established; an organization that provides funding or support for charitable or educational purposes
brick	n: a rectangular block of baked clay used as a building material
inflict	v: to cause harm, injury, or suffering to someone or something
oxygen	n: the chemical element with the symbol O that is present in air and water and is necessary for people, animals, and plants to live
probable	adj: likely to happen or likely to be true
involve	v: to include or affect someone or something as a necessary part of something else
rusty	adj: covered with rust (= a reddish-brown coating or corrosion layer); deteriorated or corroded due to lack of use or exposure to the elements; affected by disuse or neglect
companion	n: a person or an animal with whom you spend a lot of time, or you travel
environment	n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live
rural	adj: of or relating to the countryside
wealth	n: a large amount of money, property, or other things that someone or an organization owns
impoverished	adj: reduced to poverty or destitution; lacking in resources, means, or vitality; depleted or exhausted
decide	v: to make up someone’s mind about something; to come to a conclusion or judgment after considering options
par	n: a state of being equal to someone or something
soil	n: the top layer of Earth in which plants grow
organic	adj: of or derived from biological substance; producing plants and animals for food and other items without the use of synthetic chemicals
oral	adj: spoken, rather than written or sung; relating to the mouth or the act of speaking; transmitted by word of mouth
shelter	n: a structure built to protect from poor weather, danger, or attack; (verb) to protect or shield from harm or adversity, particularly relating to environmental conditions or danger
hop	v: to jump lightly and quickly on one foot or both feet; to move rapidly from one place to another; to travel using an aircraft, bus, etc.
shining	adj: giving off or reflecting light; bright, glistening, or gleaming; characterized by impressive accomplishments or excellence
electron	n: a tiny particle with the negative electrical charge
excitement	n: a feeling of great enthusiasm and eagerness
behold	v: to look at and observe with attention
philosophy	n: the study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind
bomb	n: a weapon that explodes and is used to kill or injure people or to cause damage to something
persistent	adj: continuing firmly or obstinately in the course of action despite difficulty or opposition; lasting or enduring without fading or being lost over time
drag	v: to pull or haul with force
devote	v: to commit or dedicate oneself or one’s time, effort, or energy to a particular task or purpose
encouraging	adj: giving hope, confidence, or support; inspiring
horrible	adj: extremely unpleasant or bad; causing fear or disgust
resilient	adj: able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions
desolate	adj: deserted, barren, or lonely; causing a feeling of sadness or hopelessness
bloom	n: a flower, especially one having showy or colorful parts; the best time of youth
indomitable	adj: impossible to defeat, discourage or subdue; unconquerable; unyielding in spirit
spirit	n: the part of a person which is the seat of their mind, feelings, and character rather than their physical body; the general atmosphere of a place or situation and the effect that it has on people
surround	v: to be all around something or somebody
limestone	n: a sedimentary rock that is composed mainly of calcium carbonate, which is the mineral calcite
labor	n: productive work, especially physical work done for wages; the people who do manual or physical work in a country or company for wage; (verb) to work hard or to strive and make an effort to reach a goal
bitterness	n: a strong and persistent feeling of resentment, hostility, or anger; a state of being bitter or having a sour taste; the quality or taste of something sharp or unpleasant
horror	n: intense fear or disgust, especially at something shocking or terrifying
apartheid	n: a system of racial segregation and discrimination that was enforced in South Africa from 1948 to 1994; any similar system of discrimination or segregation based on race, ethnicity, or other factors
bloodbath	n: a violent and brutal event characterized by a large-scale indiscriminate killing or slaughter; a situation or event that involves widespread destruction, chaos, or loss of life; a situation in which there is a severe or massive decline
nevertheless	adv: in spite of that; yet
courage	n: the ability to face danger, difficulty, uncertainty, or pain without being overcome by fear or despair; the quality of being brave or courageous
patriotic	adj: having or showing love for one’s country and a desire for its success and welfare
encourage	v: to give someone support, confidence, or hope; to persuade someone to do or continue to do something by making it easier for them and making them believe it is a good thing to do
quotation	n: a group of words taken from a text or speech and repeated by someone other than the original author or speaker
evil	adj: profoundly immoral, cruel, and wicked; having or exerting a harmful effect on people
regime	n: the organization, a system, or method that is the governing authority of a political unit
overcome	v: to succeed in controlling or dealing with something, such as a problem or difficulty; to defeat or overwhelm someone
metal	n: a solid material that is typically hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, and ductile, with good electrical and thermal conductivity, and often used as a structural material, a conductor of heat or electricity, or for decorative purposes
defuse	v: to reduce or eliminate the tension, anger, or hostility in a situation, especially a potentially explosive one, by calming, soothing, or pacifying those involved
landmine	n: an explosive device hidden underground and designed to be detonated by the presence, proximity, or contact with a person or vehicle
crumble	v: to break or fall apart into small pieces or fragments, especially due to age, decay, or lack of support
politician	n: a person who is a member of a government or law-making organization, especially as an elected member of parliament, etc.
consciously	adv: with awareness; in a deliberate manner
ecology	n: the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment
footprint	n: a mark of a foot, shoe, or animal’s foot left on a surface
ethical	adj: of or relating to principles about what is right and wrong, or the branch of knowledge dealing with these
overnight	adj: lasting for or occurring during one night; occurring or changing extremely quickly or suddenly; happening or being achieved in a short amount of time