Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (209 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (40 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
ashamed	adj: feeling guilt, embarrassment, or remorse about something because of something you have done
frank	adj: honest and sincere; open and candid in expression
pathetic	adj: arousing pity, sorrow, or compassion; expressing or evoking sadness, weakness, or inadequacy; inadequate or inferior in quality or ability
contradiction	n: the assertion of the opposite of what has been said; opposition; denial
mourn	v: to feel or express sorrow, grief, or sadness, especially over the death of someone
tragic	adj: causing great sadness or suffering; very unfortunate
subsequent	adj: happening or occurring later or after something else
drown	v: to die or cause to die by being unable to breathe underwater
treaty	n: a formal agreement or pact between two or more countries or other international entities
recognize	v: to acknowledge or realize something or someone; to identify, remember, or become aware of something that was previously known or encountered
refugee	n: a displaced person who has crossed national borders and who cannot or is unwilling to return home due to political, religious, or economic reasons or because of a war
responsible	adj: answerable or accountable for something within one’s power, control, or management
combine	v: to join or merge to form a single thing or group
smuggle	v: to import or export something or someone without paying appropriate customs duties, often illegally
viable	adj: capable of being done as intended; able to succeed
asylum	n: protection granted to someone who has left their home country as a political refugee
labor	n: productive work, especially physical work done for wages; the people who do manual or physical work in a country or company for wage; (verb) to work hard or to strive and make an effort to reach a goal
exclude	v: to deny someone or something enter to a place or taking part in an activity
economy	n: the system by which a country or region produces manages, and distributes goods and services, including the money and finances involved in these activities; (of an airline) the lowest-priced, most basic option for seating in commercial travel
demographic	n: a statistic characterizing that describes people or groups of people based on their age, sex, income, etc.
proclaim	v: to announce or state something publicly and forcefully
liberal	adj: willing to respect or allow many different types of beliefs or behavior; open-minded
opposition	n: the act of disagreeing or resisting; the state of strong disagreement
fundamentalist	n: a person who adheres strictly to the basic principles of any subject or discipline
repress	v: to restrain or control by force; to suppress feelings or memories
policy	n: a set of rules, guidelines, principles, or procedures that govern decision-making or action, often used in the context of business or government; a course of action or plan of action adopted or followed by an organization or individual to achieve a goal or objective
detain	v: to keep someone in official custody; to prevent them from leaving
separate	v: to force, take, or pull apart; mark as different
seize	v: to catch or take hold of someone or something suddenly and forcibly; to capture the attention or imagination of something
property	n: a thing or things that belong to someone
adopt	v: to choose to follow something; to legally take a child from another family and care for them as if they were one’s own
inhumane	adj: lacking compassion or mercy towards humans or animals; causing or involving extreme physical or mental pain
humanitarian	adj: something relating to the promotion of human welfare or someone who works to promote human welfare
crisis	n: a time of great disagreement, confusion, or danger when problems must be resolved or critical decisions must be taken
politician	n: a person who is a member of a government or law-making organization, especially as an elected member of parliament, etc.
vision	n: the ability to think about or see the future with imagination and intelligence; the faculty of being able to see
adapt	v: to make fit for or change to suit a new purpose or environment
fundamental	adj: forming an essential base or core from which everything else develops or is affected
modern	adj: of or belonging to the present time or recent times
regime	n: the organization, a system, or method that is the governing authority of a political unit
aftermath	n: the consequences or results of a significant event, particularly a disaster or conflict; a period of time following a significant event
aim	v: to try or plan to get or achieve something
dignity	n: the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect; high office or rank or station
precise	adj: sharply exact or accurate or delimited
convention	n: a large formal assembly of people who do a particular job or have a similar interest or of a political party; something regarded as a normative example
government	n: the group of people with authority to control a country or state
committed	adj: willing to put in a lot of effort, time, and energy into something; firmly believing in something
reciprocal	adj: given or felt by each toward the other; mutual; corresponding or interchangeable
territory	n: an area under the control of a ruler or state
flee	v: to leave by running away, especially out of fear or danger
conflict	n: a strong disagreement, argument, or a violent clash between two opposing groups or individuals
persecution	n: the act or practice of treating someone cruelly or unfairly, especially based on race, religion, or political belief
immigration	n: the act or process of coming to live permanently in a foreign country
pathway	n: a track that constitutes or serves as a path; an approach or a way of doing something
integrate	v: to combine one thing with another so that they form a whole or work together; to accept equal participation for members of all races and ethnic groups
stick	v: to put something, usually a sharp object, into something; to restrict yourself to doing or using one certain thing and not change; (noun) a thin piece of wood or other material
indefinite	adj: without any fixed or defined limit; vague or unclear; lasting for an unknown or unspecified period of time
limbo	n: a state of being uncertain, unknown, or neglected; an imaginary place for lost or neglected things
geography	n: a field of science devoted to the study of the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of the Earth
proximate	adj: very near or close, either in space or time; immediately preceding or following something
overwhelming	adj: very great or intense; so powerful that you cannot fight or react against it
adequate	adj: enough, acceptable, satisfactory for a particular purpose or need
reconsider	v: to think about a decision or opinion again to
top-down	adj: controlled or implemented from the highest level of authority or management
institutional	adj: of, in, or relating to a large important organization, such as a university or bank; organized as or forming part of the standard systems, practices, etc.
perspective	n: a confident attitude toward something; a particular style of thinking about something
represent	v: to speak, act, or be present on behalf of another person or group; to form or constitute
historic	adj: famous or significant in history, or potentially so
rubble	n: fragments of rock, stone, or other materials that remain after a building or other structure has been destroyed or demolished; the remains of something that has been broken down or destroyed
settlement	n: an official agreement that brings an argument to a close; the process of establishing permanent residence in a place.
lottery	n: a game of chance in which a large number of people buy tickets or chances to win a prize, with the winner(s) determined by a random drawing
assist	v: to help someone in doing anything
prospect	n: the possibility or likelihood of something happening or being successful; a person or thing that is likely to succeed or become popular; a potential customer or client; (verb) to explore for useful or valuable things or substances, such as minerals
bleak	adj: unlikely to be favorable; unpleasantly cold and damp; offering little or no hope
arid	adj: lacking in moisture or rainfall; dry and barren; lacking in interest, life, or vitality
locate	v: to specify or determine the exact position of someone or something
desert	n: arid land with little or no vegetation often covered with sand or rocks
shell	n: hard outer covering or case of eggs, nuts, some seeds, and some animals
restricted	adj: limited in extent, number, scope, or action, especially by official rules, laws, etc.
miserable	adj: very unhappy, uncomfortable, or unpleasant; causing great distress or suffering
urban	adj: relating to or located in a town or city
difficulty	n: a condition or state that causes problems
destitute	adj: lacking basic material necessities such as food, shelter, and clothing; impoverished
alternative	n: one of two or more available possibilities or choice
perilous	adj: involving a high degree of risk or danger; hazardous or fraught with potential harm
encampment	n: a temporary or semi-permanent settlement, especially a group of tents or other shelters used for lodging or military purposes
frame	n: a strong border or structure of the wood, metal, etc. that surrounds something such as a picture, door, or window
zero-sum	adj: referring to a situation in which an equal loss offsets each gain; describing a condition in which the total gains and losses balance to zero
imposing	adj: having an appearance that commands respect and admiration; impressive or grand in scale or size
assume	v: to think or accept something to be true without having proof of it; to take or begin to have power; to begin to exhibit a specific quality or appearance
inevitable	adj: certain to happen and unavoidable
burden	n: a duty, responsibility, etc. that is oppressive or worrisome; a load, typically a heavy one that is difficult to carry
contribute	v: to give something, especially money or goods, to provide or achieve something together with other people
argue	v: to express differing opinions or points of view, often in a heated or contentious manner; to present a case or reasoning to persuade or convince others
expand	v: to increase or to make something greater in size, number, or importance
communal	adj: belonging to or used by a group rather than individuals; for common use
transform	v: to change in outward structure or looks;
paradigm	n: a standard or typical example of something; a pattern or model
opportune	adj: suitable or happening at a time that is suitable or convenient for a particular purpose
mobility	n: the ability to move or be moved freely or easily from one place, job, or social class to another
environment	n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live
recognition	n: the action or process of recognizing or being recognized, especially by remembering; an agreement that something is true or legal
extraordinary	adj: exceptional, unexpected, very unusual; surpassing the ordinary or usual
circumstance	n: the specific conditions or events that surround a particular situation or occurrence
colleague	n: one of a group of a coworker, especially in a profession or a business
embark	v: to go on board a ship or plane; to set out on an enterprise or subject of study; to start something
representative	n: someone who speaks or acts officially on behalf of another person or group of people
movement	n: a group of people working together to achieve a shared goal, especially a political, social, or artistic one; the process of moving or being moved, physically or figuratively
employ	v: to give somebody a job and pay them for it; to make use of
employee	n: a person who is hired to work for a business or organization in exchange for wages or salary; a worker
nation	n: a large organized community of people living in a particular country or region and having a particular culture
vibrant	adj: full of energy, life, and enthusiasm
flourish	v: to grow or develop vigorously or successfully
entrepreneur	n: an individual who creates or invests in one or more businesses, especially when this involves taking financial risks
digital	adj: processing or storing information as a succession of 1 and 0 to show that a signal is present or missing; relating to the use of computer technology, especially the internet
exchange	v: to give something and receive something else in return, often with the implication that the items being traded are of equal or comparable value; (noun) the act of giving or taking something in return for something else; a place or system where goods or services can be bought, sold, or traded
recycle	v: to sort and collect things to process them and produce valuable materials that can be used again
console	v: to provide emotional support or encouragement to someone; (noun) a type of table that is meant to be displayed against a wall; a control panel or unit that houses the controls for a particular piece of equipment
odds	n: the degree or probability that a particular thing will or will not happen
extreme	adj: very great in amount or degree
constraint	n: a limit or restriction on something, such as an action, behavior, or thought
innovate	v: to introduce new methods, ideas, or products
filmmaker	n: a person who makes films, typically as a profession
documentary	n: a film or a radio or television program that gives facts and information about a subject; of or derived from official documents
inevitably	adv: in a manner that cannot be avoided or prevented
blanket	n: a large piece of soft material used to cover or wrap a person or thing to keep them warm; (adjective) broad in scope or content
shelter	n: a structure built to protect from poor weather, danger, or attack; (verb) to protect or shield from harm or adversity, particularly relating to environmental conditions or danger
emergency	n: a sudden unforeseen crisis usually involving danger that requires immediate action
phase	n: any stage in a series of events, change, or development
electrify	v: to make a machine or system work by using electricity; to make someone extremely enthusiastic about or interested in something
grant	v: to agree to give or allow somebody
discuss	v: to talk about or examine in detail through conversation or debate; to exchange ideas, opinions, or information on a particular topic
zone	n: a specific area, region, or section that is marked off or defined in some way
unfortunately	adv: by bad luck; unluckily
pragmatic	adj: practical rather than idealistic
develop	v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created
economical	adj: providing a satisfactory return on the money, time, or effort; not using more money, fuel, etc. than necessary
collier	n: a coal miner or worker in the coal industry; a ship that transports coal
brainstorming	n: a group activity or business method in which a group of people meet and think about something at the same time to solve a problem or to create good ideas
strategy	n: a detailed plan of action designed to achieve a long-term or overall goal.
bin	n: a container, usually that has a lid and used for waste
grid	n: a pattern of regularly spaced horizontal and vertical lines; a system of high tension cables by which electrical power is distributed throughout a region
inward	adj: directed or facing towards the inside; inside or inward-looking
invest	v: to put money, effort, time, etc. into something to make a profit or achieve a result
vocational	adj: of or relating to an occupation or employment; providing or undergoing training in special skills that prepare you for a particular job
leap	v: to jump or spring into the air, often with the feet leaving the ground or a surface below; to move quickly or suddenly, often forward or upward
manufacture	v: to make goods in large numbers, usually in a factory using machines
reconstruction	n: the process of rebuilding or repairing something that has been damaged or destroyed or of restoring something to its original condition
incubate	v: to keep warm and protected, especially to hatch eggs; to develop and nurture
eventually	adv: finally, particularly after a long time or a lot of struggle, complications, and so on
rebuild	v: to build again or anew
journal	n: a newspaper or magazine specialized in a specific topic or profession
affair	n: event, situation, or subject that is significant from a political or public perspective; a secretive or illicit sexual relationship
announce	v: to make something known or officially inform people about something
confer	v: to have a meeting or discussion to come to a decision or agreement or exchange ideas; to bestow something
pilot	n: a person who flies an aircraft, especially as a job; a person qualified to guide ships through a difficult area of water
preference	n: a stronger liking or interest for something or someone than another thing or person
outcome	n: the result or effect of an action, event, etc.
selfie	n: a photograph that one has taken of oneself, typically one taken with a smartphone or webcam to share on social media
feat	n: a notable or impressive achievement, especially one that requires great skill or bravery
rank	n: a position in a hierarchy of status or authority; (verb) to take or have a position relative to others
eventual	adj: expected to happen at a later time; likely to occur in the future
prefer	v: to like, choose, or want one thing or person better than another
destination	n: the place to which someone or something is going or being sent; the ultimate purpose or goal of a journey or action
criteria	n: (plural of criterion) standards or conditions by which something may be judged or decided
quota	n: a limited amount or share of something assigned or allocated; a restriction on the number of people or goods that can enter or leave a country
diversity	n: the quality or fact of many different types of things or people being included in something; a range of different things or people
vulnerable	adj: capable of being hurt or influenced physically or mentally
possibility	n: a chance that something may happen or be true
instance	n: a particular example or single occurrence of something
kidney	n: either of a pair of small organs in the body that filter waste products, especially urea, from the blood and excrete them and water in urine
donor	n: a person or an organization that makes a gift of money, food, supplies, etc. to a cause or fund; in medicine, a person who gives blood or tissue or an organ to be used in another person
patient	n: a person who is receiving medical treatment, care, or attention from a healthcare professional, such as a doctor, nurse, or therapist; a personal quality or characteristic
underlie	v: to be the support, basis, hidden cause of something; to be located under or below
algorithm	n: a set of rules or rigorous instructions typically used to solve a specific problem or to perform a computation
persuade	v: to convince or induce someone to do something by presenting a reason or argument; to sway or influence someone’s decision or opinion
engineer	n: a person whose job is designing, building, or maintaining something such as machines, structures, or software
rural	adj: of or relating to the countryside
visa	n: an endorsement or authorization placed in a passport or travel document that allows the holder to enter or leave a particular country for a specific period of time; the process of applying for and obtaining such authorization
tragedy	n: an event or situation causing great loss, misfortune, or destruction; a play or literature that deals with a severe and sad event and often ends with the death of the main character
chaos	n: a state of complete confusion or disorder, often characterized by a lack of predictability or control
entirely	adv: completely
stem	n: the central part of something from which other parts can develop or grow; the part of a word common to all its inflected variants; (verb) to grow out of, have roots in, or originate in
spontaneously	adv: in a way that is natural, not planned or forced, and often sudden
consul	n: an official appointed by a government to reside in a foreign country and represent the commercial interests and protect the welfare of their home country and its citizens
unnecessary	adj: not needed or required; not essential or important
embassy	n: the diplomatic building where a country’s representatives to a foreign country are based
consulate	n: the office or building of a consul, a government official who represents their country’s interests in a foreign city; the period of time during which a consul serves in their office
ferry	n: a boat or ship used to transport people, vehicles, or goods across a body of water, especially on a regular schedule
euro	n: the official currency of most European Union countries
turkey	n: (of an animal) a large bird with a fan-shaped tail native to North America, widely grown for food; (of a country) a Eurasian republic in Asia Minor and the Balkans
advantage	n: a condition or circumstance that puts one in a favorable or superior position; a beneficial feature or asset that someone or something has
undercut	v: to sell goods or services at a lower price than a competitor; to cut away the underpart of something
pioneering	adj: involving new ideas or methods; being the first of their kind; leading the way in a particular field
claim	v: to assert that something is true; to demand or request something as one’s own; to lay legal or moral right to something; (noun) a demand or assertion of a right or something that one believes to be true
scheme	n: an organized and often large-scale plan or arrangement for doing something
genuine	adj: real and exactly; not pretended; sincerely felt or expressed
precedent	n: a previous event or action that serves as an example or rule to authorize or justify similar events or actions in the future
passport	n: an official document issued by a government used to verify the identity and nationality of a person for international travel
conclude	v: to come to an end or close; to reach a judgment or opinion by reasoning
enlarge	v: to make something bigger or larger; to become bigger or larger
talent	n: a natural ability to be good at something; someone who has a natural ability to be good at something
aspiration	n: a strong desire to achieve something; the action or process of drawing breath
contribution	n: the act of giving something, especially money, to a particular cause or organization; a voluntary gift as of money or service or ideas made to some worthwhile cause
migration	n: the movement of animals to a new location, frequently as the seasons change
displace	v: to force someone or something to leave their home or place of origin, especially as a result of conflict, natural disaster, or manipulation
realistic	adj: having or showing a sensible and practical idea that is possible to achieve
charity	n: an organization that helps people in need, especially by providing food, shelter, or money; a kindly and sympathetic attitude toward people
urge	v: to spur on or encourage someone, especially by cheers and shouts; (noun) a strong desire or impulse, especially one that is difficult to control or resist