Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (148 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (34 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
shatter	v: to break suddenly into many pieces
innovation	n: the creation of a new device or process resulting from study and experimentation
momentous	adj: of great significance, importance, or consequence; having a profound or lasting effect or impact
colleague	n: one of a group of a coworker, especially in a profession or a business
debrief	v: to question, investigate, or discuss with someone after an event or task to share information and evaluate the performance
statistics	n: the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data
tribal	adj: relating to a social group or tribe, especially a preliterate society
council	n: a group of people who have been elected or appointed to make decisions or give advice on a particular subject or in a particular place
convene	v: to come or bring together a group of people for a meeting or activity
discuss	v: to talk about or examine in detail through conversation or debate; to exchange ideas, opinions, or information on a particular topic
nation	n: a large organized community of people living in a particular country or region and having a particular culture
importance	n: the quality of being important and worthy of note
commerce	n: the activity of buying and selling things, especially on a large scale
candidate	n: a person who is seeking or being considered for some kind of position, title, honor, or award; a job applicant
democracy	n: a form of government in which the people have the authority to deliberate and decide legislation, or to choose governing officials to do so
nomination	n: the act or process of formally proposing someone for election or appointment to a position, office, or award; the act of designating or selecting someone for a particular role or purpose
poll	n: an inquiry into public opinion conducted by interviewing a random sample of people; the process of voting at an election
funnel	n: a tube or pipe that is wide at the top, sloping sides, narrow at the bottom, used for pouring liquids or powders into a small opening; a smokestack on a ship or steam engine
tribe	n: a social group made up of members who live together, sharing the same language, culture, religion, etc., especially those who do not live in towns or cities
survey	n: an investigation of the opinions, behavior, etc. of a particular group of people, made by asking people questions
representative	n: someone who speaks or acts officially on behalf of another person or group of people
editorial	adj: relating to the expression of opinions or interpretations in the media
naturally	adv: as might be expected; by natural manners
introduction	n: a preliminary explanation or remarks given before the start of a text, performance, or event; the act of bringing something new into existence or introducing something to a wider audience or new market
zoom	v: to move along very quickly; (noun) the act of rising upward into the air
satellite	n: an electronic device that is sent up into space and moves around the Earth or another planet, used for gathering information or communicating by radio, television, etc.
magnify	v: to make something look bigger than it really is, especially by looking at it through a lens; to make something bigger, stronger, or louder
individual	n: a single person or thing, as distinct from a group
distance	n: the amount of space between two points, measured in units such as miles, meters, or kilometers; the extent, scope, or range between two things, such as distance or emotional distance
rub	v: to move one’s hand or an object over the surface of something with pressure
nudge	v: to push someone or something gently, especially with your elbow, to attract the person’s attention; (noun) a small push or prod to encourage a desired action or behavior
horrible	adj: extremely unpleasant or bad; causing fear or disgust
technological	adj: based on scientific and industrial progress
sever	v: to break or separate something by cutting, especially suddenly and forcibly
relation	n: the way two persons or groups of people feel and act toward one another
functional	adj: designed for or capable of a particular activity, purpose, or task; practical or ready for use or service
literally	adv: in the real or original meaning of a word or phrase; in a literal sense or way; not figuratively
gang	n: a group of people who organize and engage in criminal activity
mention	v: to speak or write about something or someone briefly
argue	v: to express differing opinions or points of view, often in a heated or contentious manner; to present a case or reasoning to persuade or convince others
automatically	adv: without needing a direct human control
despair	n: the feeling that there is no hope and you cannot do anything to improve a difficult situation
hostility	n: aggressive or unfriendly feelings or behavior
survive	v: to live or exist despite a dangerous event or period
undermine	v: to make someone or something less powerful, less effective, weaker gradually; to make someone’s fame, confidence, or authority less effective or weaker gradually
license	n: an official permission or authorization to do, use, or own something; a legal document that grants the holder the right to perform certain activities, such as driving a car, practicing a profession, or using a particular product or service
expire	v: to come to the end of the period of validity of a document, authorization, agreement, etc.
relevance	n: the state or degree of being closely connected or appropriate to the matter at hand
motor	n: a device that converts electricity, fuel, etc. into movement and makes a machine, vehicle, etc. work
standing	adj: existing or remaining upright; having a vertical position; (noun) social, financial, or professional status or reputation
dumb	adj: lacking the power of speech, unable to speak; stupid, or lacking intelligence
organization	n: a group of people who work together for a shared purpose
rave	v: to talk in a noisy, excited, or uncontrolled manner; to praise someone or something enthusiastically
nil	n: nothing; zero; lack of existence or value
compete	v: to strive to achieve more success than someone or something
communicate	v: to share or exchange information with others by speaking, writing, moving your body, or using other signals
elevator	n: a mechanical device used for vertical transportation, typically in multi-story buildings, consisting of a compartmentalized platform that moves between floors
journal	n: a newspaper or magazine specialized in a specific topic or profession
medicinal	adj: of or relating to the treatment or cure of disease
congratulation	n: the act of expressing that someone has an occasion for celebration or the expression of pleasure at the success or good fortune of another
wry	adj: using or expressing dry or ironic humor, often with a twisted or distorted facial expression
condescending	adj: having or showing a feeling of superiority; patronizing
surgery	n: medical treatment of injuries or diseases involving an incision with instruments and often removing or replacing some parts of the body; the branch of medical science that treats disease or injury by operative procedures
depart	v: to go away or leave, especially to start a journey
institutionalize	v: to establish or make something a part of an institution (= a place such as a university, hospital, etc.)
eventually	adv: finally, particularly after a long time or a lot of struggle, complications, and so on
resident	n: a person who lives in a particular place or has their home in a place
pat	v: to touch or tap something lightly and usually in a friendly or encouraging manner; to apply or rub lightly and repetitively
moving	adj: causing strong emotions or feelings, especially sadness or sympathy
snippet	n: a small piece or brief extract of something
locate	v: to specify or determine the exact position of someone or something
lobby	n: a large area inside the entrance of a public building where people can meet and wait; a group of people who try to persuade a politician, the government, or an official group to influence legislation
employee	n: a person who is hired to work for a business or organization in exchange for wages or salary; a worker
volunteer	n: a person who performs or offers to perform a job or service without being paid for or forced to do
booth	n: a small enclosed space, especially one with a counter or desk, used for selling tickets, goods, or services
cartoon	n: a simple drawing depicting a humorous or critical situation, often accompanied by a caption
hallway	n: an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open
decor	n: the arrangement and style of the furniture, art, and other items in a room or building, used to create a particular atmosphere or aesthetic
applaud	v: to express approval of someone or something by clapping the hands
probable	adj: likely to happen or likely to be true
excitement	n: a feeling of great enthusiasm and eagerness
decorate	v: to add beauty or distinction to something by the addition of ornament, art, etc
creative	adj: relating to or involving the use of skill and original and unusual ideas to create something
weird	adj: extraordinary, unexpected, or difficult to explain
unite	v: to come or join together as one; to combine or merge separate elements, individuals, or groups into a single entity or whole; to form a union or alliance
competence	n: the ability to do something well or efficiently; the knowledge, skill, and ability required to perform a task or job effectively
gel	n: a semi-solid substance, often transparent or translucent, that is used in various products from personal care to food to medicine, and which typically consists of a gelling agent that thickens the liquid
motto	n: a phrase or slogan that expresses a guiding principle or goal
fairly	adv: to a certain extent or degree; without favoring one party in an evenhanded manner
individually	adv: separately or apart from others
centric	adj: tending towards or focused on a particular center, point, or perspective, sometimes to the exclusion of others; emphasizing or prioritizing a specific thing or group; (noun) something that is at the center or core of a specific thing or system
existence	n: the state or fact of someone or something existing
remarkable	adj: worthy of attention because unusual or special
recognize	v: to acknowledge or realize something or someone; to identify, remember, or become aware of something that was previously known or encountered
headline	n: a heading at the top of a newspaper or magazine story or page
incongruous	adj: not in harmony or keeping with the surroundings or environment; not fitting or appropriate; lacking in congruity or consistency
reconciliation	n: the restoration of cordial or friendly relations; getting two things to correspond
process	n: a series of actions or operations performed to achieve a particular outcome or goal; a systematic procedure or approach used to accomplish a specific task or objective; a method of treating milk to make it suitable for consumption or use in other dairy products
atrocity	n: brutal act; an extremely wicked or cruel act
atmosphere	n: the mass of air that surrounds the Earth; the pervading tone or mood of a place, situation, or creative work
guidance	n: advice or instructions given to help direct someone’s behavior or decision-making
noble	adj: having or showing excellent personal qualities or high moral principles that people admire
accomplished	adj: having completed a task or achieved a goal successfully; skilled or proficient at something
historic	adj: famous or significant in history, or potentially so
descend	v: to move downward and lower; to come from, or to be connected by a relationship of blood
skirmish	n: a minor or brief battle or fight, often between small groups or individuals; a dispute, conflict, or argument, usually of short duration
largely	adv: virtually entirely; to a large degree
involve	v: to include or affect someone or something as a necessary part of something else
conclude	v: to come to an end or close; to reach a judgment or opinion by reasoning
narcissist	n: a person who is excessively self-absorbed, especially regarding their appearance or achievements
counterintuitive	adj: contrary to what common sense would suggest
declaration	n: a formal or explicit statement or announcement
independence	n: freedom from another’s or others’ control or influence
phrase	n: a group of words that mean something specific when used together
stick	v: to put something, usually a sharp object, into something; to restrict yourself to doing or using one certain thing and not change; (noun) a thin piece of wood or other material
inalienable	adj: unable to be taken away, surrendered, or transferred to someone else; inherent and cannot be lost or given away
oriented	adj: referring to someone or something that is focused or directed toward a particular goal or objective; organized around a specific principle or approach
tyrant	n: a ruler who uses their power cruelly and oppressively; a cruel and oppressive person
preach	v: to deliver a religious or moral message to an audience
employ	v: to give somebody a job and pay them for it; to make use of
duke	n: a noble title given to the highest-ranking hereditary nobleman in certain countries; a male ruler of a particular region or territory; a leader or influential person in a specific field or profession
resort	n: a place where many people go for rest, sport, or another stated purpose; (verb) to turn to or take a course of action, especially an extreme or undesirable one, to resolve a difficult circumstance
frank	adj: honest and sincere; open and candid in expression
mayor	n: an elected official who presides over a city or town government
chief	adj: most important or primary; (noun) a person who is in charge
essentially	adv: relating to the essential features or concepts of anything
passionate	adj: showing intense emotion or strong feeling; characterized by great enthusiasm or zeal; deeply committed to a cause or belief
folding	adj: capable of being folded or bent; having one or more sections that can be folded or collapsed for easier storage or transportation
progression	n: the act or process of changing to the next stage or phase or moving forward
represent	v: to speak, act, or be present on behalf of another person or group; to form or constitute
emerge	v: to move out of or away from something and become visible
reception	n: the act of receiving or the state of being received, especially warmly or kindly; a formal party of people
encourage	v: to give someone support, confidence, or hope; to persuade someone to do or continue to do something by making it easier for them and making them believe it is a good thing to do
normally	adv: usually; under normal conditions
extend	v: to broaden in scope, range, or area
influence	n: the ability to affect someone’s or something’s character, growth, or behavior, or the effect itself
triadic	adj: consisting of or involving three elements, parts, or individuals; related to the number three in some way
ultimate	adj: furthest or highest in degree or order
release	v: to set free or allow to escape from confinement
bore	v: to make someone feel weary or uninterested, often by talking at length about uninteresting or mundane topics; to cause someone to feel bored or unengaged; (noun) a hole or tunnel drilled or dug into the ground, either for exploration or extraction of natural resources
laureate	n: a person who has been awarded an honor or a prize for achievement in a particular field, especially in literature or academia; a poet who is honored for achieving the highest level of excellence in a competition or for producing a lifetime body of work
economics	n: the branch of social science that deals with the production, consumption, and transfer of goods and services
suddenly	adv: quickly and unexpectedly
population	n: the total number of people in a country, region, or location
sub-Saharan	adj: of or relating to or situated in the area south of the Sahara Desert
achieve	v: to successfully complete a task or goal, often through hard work, perseverance, and dedication; to attain or accomplish something that one has set out to do
incidentally	adv: by the way; as an aside or in passing
presentation	n: the act of formally introducing or displaying something to others; the manner in which something is presented or given visually, verbally, or otherwise