Important (Read me first!)
This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.
We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.
Reference Source
You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?
All Words (136 Words)
You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.
Quick Look
Podcast
YouTube Post
Vocabulary Builder
Advanced Words (47 Words)
If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.
YouTube Post
Vocabulary Builder
Word List
You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.
Word | Meaning | Advanced |
---|---|---|
church | n: a building or institution dedicated to religious worship or activities; a Christian religious organization or denomination | |
charismatic | adj: having a strong and magnetic personality that attracts and influences others | |
reformer | n: a person who makes changes to a system or law to improve it | |
bully | n: a person who uses strength or power to harm or intimidate those who are weaker; (verb) to intimidate, harass, or mistreat someone weaker or less powerful | |
tyrant | n: a ruler who uses their power cruelly and oppressively; a cruel and oppressive person | |
judge | n: a person who makes decisions in a court of law; (verb) to determine the result of or form a critical opinion of something | |
fellow | adj: someone who has the same job or interests as you, or is in the same class, profession, or situation as you | |
defend | v: to protect someone or something from attack, criticism, danger, etc. | |
honor | n: high regard or great respect for someone; the quality of having and doing based on a keen sense of morality; (verb) to show respect towards someone | |
acclaim | n: praise or admiration that is expressed publicly; (verb) to praise or admire someone or something publicly | |
reform | n: the act of improving or correcting something that is wrong or bad; a change made to correct a flaw or problem | |
religion | n: a deep conviction in a supernatural power that controls human destiny | |
government | n: the group of people with authority to control a country or state | |
modern | adj: of or belonging to the present time or recent times | |
nation | n: a large organized community of people living in a particular country or region and having a particular culture | |
prosecutor | n: a lawyer or official who conducts legal proceedings against someone accused of a crime; a person who brings a criminal case to court on behalf of the state or government | |
beg | v: to ask for something urgently or earnestly; to appeal to someone to do something | |
differ | v: to be not like someone or something in some way | |
cruel | adj: feeling or showing pleasure in causing pain or suffering to others | |
impulsive | adj: acting suddenly without any planning and without considering the effects they may have | |
extravagant | adj: exceeding the bounds of reason or necessity; wildly excessive; lavish | |
regard | v: to think about or consider somebody or something in a specified way | |
arrange | v: to plan, prepare for, and carry out something | |
strengthen | v: to become stronger or more effective; to make someone or something stronger or more effective | |
toss | v: to throw something carelessly with a light motion | |
imperative | adj: very important or requiring attention or action | |
dynasty | n: a sequence of influential leaders who are all from the same family or a period when they rule a country | |
heir | n: a person who has the legal right to receive someone’s money, property, or a title from another person when that person dies | |
regardless | adv: not paying attention or considering something or someone even if the situation is bad or there are difficulties | |
stability | n: the quality or attribute of being firm and steadfast | |
papal | adj: relating to the pope (= the head of the Roman Catholic Church) or the Roman Catholic Church | |
refuse | v: to show that one is not willing to do or accept something | |
annul | v: to make something legally or officially invalid | |
pickle | n: vegetables or fruit preserved in salty water or vinegar served cold with meat, salads, etc.; informal terms for a difficult situation | |
argue | v: to express differing opinions or points of view, often in a heated or contentious manner; to present a case or reasoning to persuade or convince others | |
decide | v: to make up someone’s mind about something; to come to a conclusion or judgment after considering options | |
uproot | v: to remove or pull out by the roots, especially a plant or tree; to displace or remove someone or something from a particular place or position | |
strife | n: conflict or disagreement, especially between people or groups | |
domestic | adj: relating to or inside a particular country, not foreign or international | |
corruptible | adj: capable of being made to do something dishonest or immoral | |
Catholic | adj: universal and including many different types of things; related to or associated with the part of the Christian Church that has the Pope as its leader | |
reject | v: to refuse to accept, consider, or use something or someone | |
radical | adj: relating to the essential aspects of anything; far beyond the norm, mainly used of opinions and actions | |
protestant | adj: a member of a Western Christian church that is separate from the Roman Catholic Church and that is based on the teachings of Martin Luther and other Reformers | |
preserve | v: to keep or maintain a particular quality, feature, etc., especially to prevent it from decaying, being damaged, or being destroyed | |
tradition | n: a belief, custom, or way of doing something that has been passed down from generation to generation within a group or society | |
objection | n: a reason or statement expressing disapproval or dissent | |
beloved | adj: loved very much | |
institutionalize | v: to establish or make something a part of an institution (= a place such as a university, hospital, etc.) | |
comfort | n: a state of physical ease and freedom from pain or constraint | |
charity | n: an organization that helps people in need, especially by providing food, shelter, or money; a kindly and sympathetic attitude toward people | |
mass | n: a large amount of a substance with no definite shape or form; a large number of people or things grouped or crowded together | |
property | n: a thing or things that belong to someone | |
seize | v: to catch or take hold of someone or something suddenly and forcibly; to capture the attention or imagination of something | |
precious | adj: uncommon and extremely valuable | |
monastic | adj: relating to monk or monasticism; ascetic or austere in lifestyle or habits | |
enrich | v: to make better or improve in quality by adding something else | |
crown | n: a circular ornamental headdress, worn as a symbol of authority by a king, usually made of gold and precious stones | |
cathedral | n: the main Christian church of a bishop’s diocese, which is often the largest and most important church in the area | |
secular | adj: not connected with religious or spiritual matters; worldly | |
affair | n: event, situation, or subject that is significant from a political or public perspective; a secretive or illicit sexual relationship | |
parliament | n: a legislative body, especially the one that represents the people of a country or state | |
rub | v: to move one’s hand or an object over the surface of something with pressure | |
execute | v: to kill someone, especially as a legal punishment; to carry out or perform an action, duty, etc. | |
suspect | v: to consider anything to be actual or probable | |
loyal | adj: giving or remaining firm and constant support to a person, institution, product, etc.; | |
victim | n: a person who has been harmed, injured, or otherwise negatively affected by a particular action, circumstance, or event | |
statesman | n: a man who is a respected leader or politician in national or international affairs | |
philosophy | n: the study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind | |
adviser | n: a person who gives advice about a particular subject | |
accuse | v: to charge or criticize someone with a crime or wrongdoing | |
treason | n: the act of betraying one’s country or government, especially by attempting to overthrow it or give aid and comfort to its enemies; a violation of allegiance or loyalty to one’s country or government | |
struggle | v: to make a great effort to do something when it is difficult, or there are a lot of problems; to use force or violence to break away from restraint or constriction | |
minister | n: a person appointed to or a job of a head of a government department | |
sham | n: something that is not as good or true as it seems to be and is intended to deceive people; a person who pretends to be something they are not | |
convict | v: to prove or declare someone to be guilty of a crime; (noun) a person serving a sentence in a jail or prison | |
approval | n: the belief that someone or something is good or acceptable | |
upset | adj: causing or marked by anxiety, uneasiness, trouble, or grief; (verb) to make someone anxious, unhappy, or angry | |
outcome | n: the result or effect of an action, event, etc. | |
guarantee | v: to promise something will happen formally, especially that certain conditions about a product, service, or transaction would be met | |
stable | adj: firm and steady; not easily moved, disturbed, or changed | |
tragic | adj: causing great sadness or suffering; very unfortunate | |
childbirth | n: the act or process of giving birth to a baby | |
tragedy | n: an event or situation causing great loss, misfortune, or destruction; a play or literature that deals with a severe and sad event and often ends with the death of the main character | |
deter | v: to discourage or prevent someone from doing something | |
conceive | v: to have or develop an idea, a plan, etc. in mind; to become pregnant | |
whim | n: a sudden idea or desire, especially one that cannot be reasonably explained | |
excuse | n: a reason or explanation, either true or invented, given to justify a fault or defend your behavior; (verb) to make someone free from blame or clear from guilt | |
cousin | n: the child of your aunt or uncle | |
engage | v: to attract and keep someone’s attention and interest; to participate in or obtain services of something | |
adultery | n: voluntary sexual intercourse between a married person and someone who is not their spouse | |
confess | v: to admit to having done something wrong or to reveal something personal or private | |
intemperate | adj: lacking self-control or moderation, often with respect to indulgence in food, drink, or other pleasures; characterized by excessive behavior or lack of restraint | |
intrigue | v: to make someone interested, especially by being strange, unusual, or mysterious; to make a secret plan with other people to harm someone | |
grandiose | adj: impressive or grand in size, appearance, or manner, especially in an exaggerated or pompous way | |
scholar | n: professor; a person who studies a topic in considerable depth, particularly in a university | |
patron | n: a person who gives financial or other support to a person, organization, or activity; a loyal or regular customer of a particular shop, restaurant, etc. | |
imposing | adj: having an appearance that commands respect and admiration; impressive or grand in scale or size | |
warrior | n: a person who engaged in or experienced warfare, especially in the past | |
lavish | adj: large in amount and expensive or impressive | |
tournament | n: a competition or series of contests involving several players or teams, leading to a final winner or winners | |
enhance | v: to increase or improve the quality, amount, or strength of someone or something | |
reputation | n: the general opinion that people have about someone or something, especially when this is based on their previous experiences or behaviors | |
policy | n: a set of rules, guidelines, principles, or procedures that govern decision-making or action, often used in the context of business or government; a course of action or plan of action adopted or followed by an organization or individual to achieve a goal or objective | |
disaster | n: an unexpected event or series of events that cause widespread damage, destruction, or loss of life | |
brutal | adj: harsh or cruel | |
invasion | n: army’s act of forcibly entering another country or territory to take control of it | |
drain | v: to empty or dry something by removing the liquid from it | |
treasury | n: the government department in charge of managing public funds; the funds of a government or institution or individual | |
attempt | n: an act or effort of trying to do something, especially something difficult | |
debase | v: to reduce the quality, value, or esteem of something, often by lowering its moral or ethical standard; to demean or degrade | |
constant | adj: happening repeatedly or all the time | |
inflation | n: a general and progressive increase in prices; (cosmology) a theory of the exponential expansion of space in the early universe; the act of filling something with air | |
lord | n: a person who has general authority, control, or power over others; a man of noble rank or high office | |
landowner | n: a person or entity that owns the land, typically for agricultural or commercial use; a title or status indicating ownership of land | |
peasant | n: a farmer or agricultural worker who owns or rents a small piece of land and grows crops, especially in a traditional or undeveloped society | |
beggar | n: a person who asks for money or food from others, particularly as a means of survival due to poverty or homelessness | |
yeoman | n: a farmer who owns and cultivates his land; a military rank; a diligent, reliable worker or servant | |
enclosure | n: a wall, fence, or other barriers that surround an area, keeping it separate and protected | |
efficient | adj: performing at the highest level of productivity with the least wasted effort or resources; capable of achieving maximum output with minimum wasted effort, time, or materials | |
labor | n: productive work, especially physical work done for wages; the people who do manual or physical work in a country or company for wage; (verb) to work hard or to strive and make an effort to reach a goal | |
surplus | n: an amount of something more than what is needed or required; excess or extra supply | |
industrial | adj: of or relating to or resulting from industry | |
revolution | n: a large-scale attempt to overthrow the government of a country, often using violence or war; | |
portrait | n: a painting, picture; the likeness of a person, especially one showing the face | |
devout | adj: deeply committed to a specific religious faith or practice, often showing great reverence or piety | |
disbeliever | n: a person who does not believe in something, such as a religion or idea | |
throne | n: a chair or seat of state for a monarch or other high-ranking person; the position of being a king or queen | |
promote | v: to encourage or persuade people to like, buy, use, do, or support something; to raise someone to a higher position or rank | |
glory | n: great honor or success won by notable achievements | |
embody | v: to represent or exemplify something; to give tangible form to an abstract idea | |
contradiction | n: the assertion of the opposite of what has been said; opposition; denial | |
monarchy | n: a form of government in which a country is ruled by a king or a queen who typically inherits the authority | |
verge | n: the point at which something is about to happen or where something begins; the edge or margin of something, particularly a physical boundary or border | |
separate | v: to force, take, or pull apart; mark as different | |
myth | n: an ancient story or set of stories accepted as history, especially explaining the worldview of a people |