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All Words (122 Words)

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Advanced Words (39 Words)

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Word List

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Word	Meaning	Advanced
turmoil	n: a state of great disturbance, confusion, or uncertainty, often marked by intense activity or strong emotions
stability	n: the quality or attribute of being firm and steadfast
introduction	n: a preliminary explanation or remarks given before the start of a text, performance, or event; the act of bringing something new into existence or introducing something to a wider audience or new market
constitution	n: the set of fundamental principles or established precedents that a state, a country, or an organization is governed by; the act of forming or establishing something
negotiation	n: the process of discussing and reaching an agreement with others
underway	adj: having started and currently in progress
institutionalize	v: to establish or make something a part of an institution (= a place such as a university, hospital, etc.)
analyst	n: someone whose job is to examine something to learn or understand more about it
charismatic	adj: having a strong and magnetic personality that attracts and influences others
rail	n: a long, thin piece of metal or wood that is used to make fences or as a support for something; (verb) to complain bitterly
accuse	v: to charge or criticize someone with a crime or wrongdoing
nation	n: a large organized community of people living in a particular country or region and having a particular culture
betray	v: to reveal or deliver to an enemy by treachery or disloyalty; to reveal something unintentionally
opposing	adj: competing, fighting, or working against each other
membership	n: the state of belonging to a group, a club, an organization, etc.
economy	n: the system by which a country or region produces manages, and distributes goods and services, including the money and finances involved in these activities; (of an airline) the lowest-priced, most basic option for seating in commercial travel
communal	adj: belonging to or used by a group rather than individuals; for common use
govern	v: to legally control and direct a country, city, group of people, etc. and be responsible for introducing new laws, organizing and maintaining public services
declare	v: to say, state, or announce something clearly, officially, or publicly
democracy	n: a form of government in which the people have the authority to deliberate and decide legislation, or to choose governing officials to do so
vilify	v: to speak or write about someone or something in a way that is likely to make people have a very low opinion of them
opponent	n: a person against whom you are playing or fighting in a game, competition, debate, etc.
disparage	v: to describe or represent as being of little worth or value; to belittle, degrade, or criticize unfairly
claim	v: to assert that something is true; to demand or request something as one’s own; to lay legal or moral right to something; (noun) a demand or assertion of a right or something that one believes to be true
mantle	n: a layer of rock between the surface and the core of a planet or moon; a loose sleeveless cloak or shawl; the responsibilities of an important position or job that passes from one person to another
critic	n: someone who expresses opinions about the quality of books, music, etc.
label	n: a small piece of paper, fabric, or other material attached to an object and giving information about it; (verb) to assign to a category
authoritarian	adj: characterized by strict, absolute control and obedience to authority or rules; dictatorial and lacking in personal freedoms or individual rights
fascist	adj: relating to or supporting fascism, which is a political ideology that emphasizes authoritarian government, nationalism, and suppression of political opposition and individual liberties
argue	v: to express differing opinions or points of view, often in a heated or contentious manner; to present a case or reasoning to persuade or convince others
emotion	n: a strong feeling such as love, anger, etc. deriving from one’s situation, mood, or relationships with others
manipulate	v: to influence or control something or someone to your advantage, often in an unfair or dishonest way
deceive	v: to cause someone to believe something that is not true, often by telling a lie or creating a false impression
voter	n: a person who votes or has a legal right to vote in a political election
ethics	n: a branch of philosophy that considers what is morally right and wrong conduct; a set of beliefs about what is morally right and wrong
ancient	adj: relating to the long ago, particularly the historical period preceding the fall of the Western Roman Empire; very old
populous	adj: having a large population; densely or heavily populated; inhabited by many people
movement	n: a group of people working together to achieve a shared goal, especially a political, social, or artistic one; the process of moving or being moved, physically or figuratively
counterintuitive	adj: contrary to what common sense would suggest
contradictory	adj: containing or consisting of conflicting or incompatible elements
rebel	n: someone who resists or opposes authority or control, especially by fighting against it
monarchy	n: a form of government in which a country is ruled by a king or a queen who typically inherits the authority
monopoly	n: exclusive control or possession of something, especially an area of business; a board game in which players try to gain a monopoly on real estate
specific	adj: clearly defined or particular to a certain thing or situation; distinct, explicit, and precise
administer	v: to oversee and control the operation or arrangement of something
numerous	adj: amounting to a large indefinite number
government	n: the group of people with authority to control a country or state
modern	adj: of or belonging to the present time or recent times
define	v: to state or explain precisely the nature, scope, or meaning of something
phenomenon	n: something that exists and can be perceptible, especially one that is not fully understood
explore	v: to travel to or penetrate an area or a country to learn about it; to thoroughly examine a subject or a possibility to learn more about it
aftermath	n: the consequences or results of a significant event, particularly a disaster or conflict; a period of time following a significant event
totalitarian	adj: of or relating to a system of government in which a single political party has complete control and power
ideology	n: a set of beliefs or philosophies that an economic or political system is based on
prioritize	v: to assign a higher level of importance to something compared to other things
individual	n: a single person or thing, as distinct from a group
aim	v: to try or plan to get or achieve something
consensus	n: general agreement or accord in the judgment or opinion reached by a group as a whole
adopt	v: to choose to follow something; to legally take a child from another family and care for them as if they were one’s own
longstanding	adj: having existed for a long time
liberal	adj: willing to respect or allow many different types of beliefs or behavior; open-minded
context	n: the circumstances, facts, or conditions that surround a particular event, situation, or statement and that give it meaning
refer	v: to direct someone’s attention, thoughts, or questions to another source or person; to mention, cite, or allude to something as evidence or support
essential	adj: indispensable; fundamental
component	n: one of several parts that combines with others to form something bigger
crosscut	v: to cut something across its grain, often used for cutting wood or other materials; (noun) a type of saw cut that is made perpendicular to the grain of the wood
division	n: the act or outcome of splitting into separate parts; a critical organizational unit or sector
conflict	n: a strong disagreement, argument, or a violent clash between two opposing groups or individuals
fin	n: a thin flat part on the body of a fish or other aquatic animal used for propulsion or balance
rely	v: to require a specific thing or the assistance and support of someone or something to continue, run properly, or succeed.
specify	v: to explain or state something clearly and exactly
statute	n: a law that is passed by a parliament, council, etc. and formally written down
propose	v: to make a proposal, declare a plan for something
tolerance	n: the willingness to accept or tolerate something, especially something that is different or unpleasant
intolerant	adj: the inability or refusal to accept or respect views, beliefs, or behavior that differ from someone’s own; unable to eat food without adverse effects
bedrock	n: the solid rock underlying soil or alluvium
functional	adj: designed for or capable of a particular activity, purpose, or task; practical or ready for use or service
diverse	adj: including numerous categories of individuals or entities; various
wealth	n: a large amount of money, property, or other things that someone or an organization owns
gap	n: a conspicuous disparity or difference separates something such as a figure, people, their opinions, situation, etc.
underserved	adj: inadequately or insufficiently provided with help, products, or services
distrust	n: a lack of trust or confidence in someone or something
corruption	n: dishonest, harmful, or illegal behavior, especially of people in positions of power
dam	n: a wall constructed over a river to block the flow of water, mainly used to generate energy
suspicion	n: the act of doubting something, especially something wrong
resentment	n: bitterness or indignation at being treated unfairly
politician	n: a person who is a member of a government or law-making organization, especially as an elected member of parliament, etc.
prime	adj: main or most important; basic
reaction	n: a response that reveals a person’s feelings or attitude; (in chemistry) a process in which one or more substances are changed into others
highlight	v: to make something prominent, mainly so that people give it more attention
underrepresented	adj: not adequately or proportionately represented, often in terms of a particular group, population, or perspective being excluded or marginalized
elect	v: to choose someone for a specific position by voting for them; to decide or choose to do something
assertive	adj: characterized by a confident and forceful personality; expressing one’s opinions or desires directly and positively; standing up for oneself in a firm but non-aggressive manner
candid	adj: honest, straightforward, and frank in someone’s words or actions
subvert	v: to undermine, overthrow, or weaken the established order, system, or authority; to bring about fundamental change or revolution from within
identify	v: to recognize someone or something and say or prove who or what they are
embody	v: to represent or exemplify something; to give tangible form to an abstract idea
self-serving	adj: concerned primarily with one’s interests and needs rather than those of others; motivated by a desire for personal gain or advantage
vast	adj: enormous in size, number, amount, or quantity
virtue	n: high moral standards in behavior or attitudes
compromise	v: to settle a problem or disagreement by mutual concession
tolerant	adj: accepting different views, beliefs, or practices without judgment or interference
overturn	v: to turn something upside down; to upset
utmost	adj: greatest in degree, extent, or intensity; of the highest or greatest importance, significance, or priority
courtroom	n: a room in which a court of law is held
disagree	v: to have or express a different opinion, idea, etc.
remarkable	adj: worthy of attention because unusual or special
exorbitant	adj: excessively high or unreasonable, often referring to prices or fees
cast	v: to cause light or shadow to appear on a surface; to assing or choose someone such as an actor or representative, especially by selection process
traitor	n: a person who betrays someone or something, such as a friend, cause, or principle, to which they had previously been loyal; a person who commits treason against their country or sovereign
undermine	v: to make someone or something less powerful, less effective, weaker gradually; to make someone’s fame, confidence, or authority less effective or weaker gradually
sincere	adj: (of a person, feelings, or behavior) open and genuine; not deceitful
disbeliever	n: a person who does not believe in something, such as a religion or idea
manipulative	adj: characterized by the use of shrewd, cunning, or deceptive tactics to control or influence others, often in a self-serving or unethical manner
opportunistic	adj: making use of a current situation to get power or advantage, especially regardless of planning or principle
dynamics	n: the branch of mechanics that deals with the motion of bodies under the action of forces, including the particular case in which a body remains at rest; forces that produce or stimulate movement, growth, or change
unleash	v: to suddenly release a strong force, emotion, etc. that cannot be controlled
profoundly	adv: to a great or complete degree; deeply
destabilize	v: to cause something to become less stable or secure
extreme	adj: very great in amount or degree
discourse	n: any form of communication in speech or writing
outlast	v: to endure or last longer than something else; to overcome challenges or obstacles and remain in existence