Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (118 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (26 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
chain	n: a series of connected links or objects; a system or group of interconnected elements; a restraint or shackle
stabilize	v: to become or cause to become steady or unlikely to give way
climate	n: the weather in a particular location averaged over some long period
topic	n: a subject that is being discussed or written about
planet	n: any of the nine large celestial bodies that circle in the solar system; any celestial body that revolves around a star
carbon	n: a chemical element that can be found in pure form as diamond or graphite, and it is also an essential part of coal and oil and is found in all plants and animals
footprint	n: a mark of a foot, shoe, or animal’s foot left on a surface
attribute	v: to say or regard that something is the result of a particular thing; (noun) a quality or feature that someone or something possesses;
specifically	adv: only associated with or meant for one thing
fossil	n: any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing that has become hard and turned into rock
fuel	n: a substance that is typically burned to generate heat or energy
industrious	adj: hardworking, diligent, and persistent in effort
industrial	adj: of or relating to or resulting from industry
forestry	n: the science, art, and practice of managing forests, including planting, cultivating, and caring for trees and conserving and developing natural forests
massive	adj: enormous amount; very heavy and solid
scar	n: a mark that remains on the skin after a wound has healed
landscape	n: an expanse of scenery that can be seen in a single view; a large area of land, especially in the country and relating to its appearance
pollution	n: the introduction of harmful substances or waste into the natural environment that causes adverse change
brink	n: the point at which something is about to happen; the edge of a steep place
extinction	n: the complete disappearance of a species from the earth
brilliant	adj: extremely clever, skilled, or impressive
innovation	n: the creation of a new device or process resulting from study and experimentation
stick	v: to put something, usually a sharp object, into something; to restrict yourself to doing or using one certain thing and not change; (noun) a thin piece of wood or other material
financing	n: the process of providing funds for running a business, activity, or project; the money for a business, activity, or project
commercialize	v: to make something available for sale or use on a large scale
underpin	v: to support or strengthen the foundations of something
classic	adj: judged or deserving to be regarded as one of the best or most important of its kind over a period of time; of a well-known type
progression	n: the act or process of changing to the next stage or phase or moving forward
crisis	n: a time of great disagreement, confusion, or danger when problems must be resolved or critical decisions must be taken
biodiversity	n: the number and variety of plants and animals that exist in a particular area or the world and make a balanced environment
deck	n: a flat surface that is usually made of wood or other material and is attached to a building, vehicle, or other structure
revolution	n: a large-scale attempt to overthrow the government of a country, often using violence or war;
bound	v: to move forward by leaps and bounds; to form the boundary of something
overhaul	n: a thorough examination, evaluation, or inspection of something, often with the intent of making necessary improvements; a major reorganization or restructuring of a system or process; (verb) to thoroughly examine, repair, and improve something to ensure that it is functioning properly and up to standard
entrenched	adj: established firmly and securely
daunting	adj: looking challenging to manage in prospect; making someone anxious and less confident about carrying out something
canopy	n: a covering, typically of fabric, supported on poles or suspended above a bed, throne, or other object, used to shelter or screen the person or object below it
ancient	adj: relating to the long ago, particularly the historical period preceding the fall of the Western Roman Empire; very old
endangered	adj: at risk of extinction because it is facing significant threats
transform	v: to change in outward structure or looks;
pulp	n: a soft and moist mass of fibers or small pieces, typically produced by grinding, crushing, or shredding plant or wood material; a type of paper made from wood or plant pulp; the soft fleshy part of a fruit or vegetable
viscose	n: a type of rayon fabric made from a regenerated cellulose material, which uses wood pulp or other plant-based fibers that are chemically treated to create a soft and smooth fabric, often used in clothing and home textiles
principle	n: a fundamental law or truth that explains or controls how something happens or works
sector	n: a distinct part or division of something often used to refer to a segment of an economy or industry; an area or field of work or activity
mow	v: to cut down and trim grass or other vegetation, usually with a machine such as a lawnmower; to cut down or harvest crops
rayon	n: a semi-synthetic fabric made from cellulose fibers, usually derived from wood pulp, known for its excellent drape and softness, often used in clothing and household textiles
surge	n: a sudden and great increase of something, such as a feeling, the amount or number, etc.
commerce	n: the activity of buying and selling things, especially on a large scale
fashion	n: a style that is popular at a particular time or place; the state of being popular
textile	n: any type of cloth made by weaving or felting or knitting
destruction	n: the act of causing so much damage to something
discard	v: to throw something away or get rid of something that you no longer wanted or need
ecosystem	n: all the plants and living creatures in an area and the way they affect each other and the environment
brand	n: a type of product, service, etc., made by a particular company and sold under a specific name; identification mark on the skin of livestock, criminals, etc., made by burning
eliminate	v: to remove or get rid of someone or something
fiber	n: thread or filament used to make a vegetable tissue, mineral material, or textile
increasingly	adv: more and more
introduction	n: a preliminary explanation or remarks given before the start of a text, performance, or event; the act of bringing something new into existence or introducing something to a wider audience or new market
circular	adj: shaped like a circle; having a round form
alternative	n: one of two or more available possibilities or choice
rid	v: to make someone or something free of unwanted or unpleasant tasks, objects, or person
phase	n: any stage in a series of events, change, or development
fierce	adj: severe and violent in a way that is frightening
competitor	n: a person who participates in a sporting contest; a person or organization that competes with others, particularly in business
competitive	adj: involving competition or competitiveness
giant	adj: enormous; much bigger or more important than similar items usually are
responsible	adj: answerable or accountable for something within one’s power, control, or management
boardroom	n: a room where the board of directors of a company or organization meets
outsize	adj: larger or more extensive than what is considered average or normal; of an unusually large size or amount
influence	n: the ability to affect someone’s or something’s character, growth, or behavior, or the effect itself
unlock	v: to open something, such as a door, window, etc., usually using a key
ambitious	adj: having a great desire to attain achievement, power, or wealth
supple	adj: flexible and easy to bend or move; gracefully agile; adaptable or responsive to change or new ideas
transformation	n: a complete change in form, nature, or appearance of someone or something
critic	n: someone who expresses opinions about the quality of books, music, etc.
mass	n: a large amount of a substance with no definite shape or form; a large number of people or things grouped or crowded together
tolerance	n: the willingness to accept or tolerate something, especially something that is different or unpleasant
originate	v: to come into existence in a particular place or situation; to start something in a specific place
timeline	n: a series of events arranged in chronological order and displayed along a line, usually drawn left to right or top to bottom
achieve	v: to successfully complete a task or goal, often through hard work, perseverance, and dedication; to attain or accomplish something that one has set out to do
propose	v: to make a proposal, declare a plan for something
conventional	adj: based on or following traditional rules, standards, customs, etc.
business-as-usual	adj: continuing or proceeding in the same way as usual, despite adverse events or circumstances
technological	adj: based on scientific and industrial progress
develop	v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created
replace	v: to take the place of something
feedstock	n: the raw material or substances that are used to make a product, particularly in industrial or manufacturing processes
agriculture	n: the practice or science of cultivating the land or raising stock
residue	n: a substance that remains after a process or reaction; a remnant of something that once existed
strategy	n: a detailed plan of action designed to achieve a long-term or overall goal.
survival	n: the state of continuing to exist or live, frequently in the face of difficulty or danger
thrill	n: a feeling of extreme and sudden excitement and pleasure; to cause someone to feel sudden intense sensation or emotion
invest	v: to put money, effort, time, etc. into something to make a profit or achieve a result
pipeline	n: a very long large tube that is usually underground and is used for carrying liquid or gas for long distances
buoy	n: a floating device typically used to mark a location in a body of water, often used as a navigational aid; a source of support or encouragement
sustainable	adj: able to continue or be continued for a long time
harry	v: to persistently harass, badger, or bother someone or something; to persistently attack or pursue an opposing force or target
potter	n: a person who makes pottery, objects that are made of clay and then fired in a kiln to make them hard and durable; (verb, also putter) to occupy oneself in a leisurely or casual way, often with no particular goal or aim in mind
represent	v: to speak, act, or be present on behalf of another person or group; to form or constitute
trillion	n: the number 1,000,000,000,000; a million million
environment	n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live
lever	n: a handle used to operate a vehicle or a machine; a rigid bar resting on a pivot so that one end of it can be pushed or pulled easily
shift	n: a slight transition in position, direction, or trend
investor	n: someone who puts money or capital into something to gain financial returns
innovate	v: to introduce new methods, ideas, or products
resilient	adj: able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions
swath	n: a strip of land, especially a long, narrow one; a large amount or quantity of something
jean	n: a sturdy cotton twill fabric, typically blue, used for jeans and other clothing
employ	v: to give somebody a job and pay them for it; to make use of
spectacular	adj: striking or impressive to look at or in performance or achievement
plow	n: a farming implement used for breaking up and turning over the soil, especially before planting; (verb) to turn over and break up the soil in preparation for planting crops
unfold	v: to open up or spread out something that is folded or rolled up; to reveal or disclose something that was previously hidden or unknown
boost	v: to improve, raise, or increase something
communal	adj: belonging to or used by a group rather than individuals; for common use
remarkable	adj: worthy of attention because unusual or special
exponential	adj: becoming more and more rapid; of or involving mathematical exponents
intensive	adj: involving a lot of work or activity in a short time
relic	n: an object from a previous era, especially one of historical value