Important (Read me first!)

This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.

We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.

Reference Source

You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?

All Words (111 Words)

You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.

Quick Look

Podcast

Advanced Words (33 Words)

If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.

Word List

You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.

Word	Meaning	Advanced
procession	n: a group of people or vehicles moving in an orderly, ceremonial manner, often for a religious or official purpose
segment	n: a part or section of something; a distinct group within a larger whole
creature	n: a living being, especially an animal
shed	v: to get rid of something as superfluous or unwanted; to cast off hair, skin, horn, or feathers; (noun) an outbuilding with a single story, mainly used for shelter or storage
exoskeleton	n: a hard, external protective covering or framework that supports and gives shape to the body of an invertebrate animal, such as an insect or crab
pile	n: a collection of objects positioned one on top of another; a large sum of something, such as money
massive	adj: enormous amount; very heavy and solid
orgy	n: a wild and uninhibited party or celebration; excessive, often sexual, indulgence; a group activity characterized by chaotic, unrestrained behavior
alien	n: a person who comes from a different country, race, or group; a form of life assumed to exist outside the Earth or its atmosphere
trilobite	n: a type of extinct arthropod that lived in the oceans of the Paleozoic Era, characterized by a three-lobed body shape and a hard exoskeleton
prosper	v: to be successful or thriving, especially financially; to grow and develop well; to flourish
prevailing	adj: most frequent, widespread, or currently dominant, usually referring to a particular opinion, attitude, or trend
encompass	v: to surround or cover something completely; to include a large number of or different types of things entirely
distinct	adj: noticeable from something else of a similar type
life-form	n: a living organism, especially one that has a distinct shape, structure, or behavior
diverse	adj: including numerous categories of individuals or entities; various
sophisticated	adj: having a great deal of worldly experience and knowledge of people’s behavior, culture, and fashion
complexity	n: the state or quality of being complicated or intricate and difficult to understand
unique	adj: being the only one of its kind; unlike anything else
perspective	n: a confident attitude toward something; a particular style of thinking about something
ancient	adj: relating to the long ago, particularly the historical period preceding the fall of the Western Roman Empire; very old
consist	v: to be composed or made up of
microscopic	adj: tiny; exceedingly precise and detail-oriented; of or used in microscopy
marine	adj: relating to the sea and the creatures and plants that live there
oxygen	n: the chemical element with the symbol O that is present in air and water and is necessary for people, animals, and plants to live
multicellular	adj: characterized by the presence of multiple or many cells, as opposed to unicellular (having only one cell)
extract	n: a short passage taken from a book, piece of music, etc.; a substance obtained from something through a specific process; (verb) to obtain from something or to remove something by effort or force
function	n: the purpose or use of an object, system, or process; a particular activity or operation that is designed to serve a specific purpose; a mathematical concept that describes a relationship between two sets of values, called the input and output sets; (verb) to operate or work in a specific way, or to perform a particular task or purpose
carnivore	n: an animal that primarily eats meat as opposed to plant matter
spur	n: a thing that encourages someone to do something; any sharply pointed projection; (verb) to incite or stimulate someone or something
explosion	n: a violent release induced by a chemical or nuclear reaction
branch	n: a division of a tree or woody shrub that grows out from the trunk or a main stem; a division of some larger or more complex organization
surge	n: a sudden and great increase of something, such as a feeling, the amount or number, etc.
lengthwise	adv: in the direction of the length of an object or space; longitudinally
lobe	n: a rounded projection or division, especially of the brain, lung, or liver
component	n: one of several parts that combines with others to form something bigger
vary	v: to become different in terms of size, shape, etc.
greatly	adv: to an extraordinary extent or degree; very much
specie	n: coins or notes in a currency, as distinct from paper money; a chemical substance or group made up of identical molecules
equip	v: to provide a person or a place with the things that are needed for a particular purpose or activity
intriguing	adj: arousing curiosity or interest, often due to a mysterious or complex quality; fascinating or captivating
ornament	n: a decoration or embellishment that adds beauty or enhances the appearance of something, especially a Christmas tree or a piece of jewelry
niche	n: a specialized role or position that a species occupies within an ecosystem; a job or position particularly well suited to the person who occupies it
plow	n: a farming implement used for breaking up and turning over the soil, especially before planting; (verb) to turn over and break up the soil in preparation for planting crops
burrow	v: to excavate a hole or make a tunnel in the ground by digging, typically for use as a dwelling of an animal
spine	n: the series of bones running down the center of the back that protect the spinal cord and support the body; the backbone or vertebral column
horn	n: a hard, pointed, often curved part that grows on the top of the heads of some animals, such as sheep and cows; a noisemaker or musical instrument that makes a loud noise when you blow through it
protruding	adj: sticking out or projecting from a surface; extending beyond a boundary or limit
trident	n: a three-pronged spear or fork-like instrument, often used as a symbol of power or authority in classical mythology
migrate	v: to move from one country or region to another and settle there; to move from one place to another periodically or seasonally
fossilized	adj: transformed into a fossil (= something preserved in rock for a very long period) or preserved in the form of a fossil; antiquated or inflexible
conga	n: a drum shaped like a long cylinder with a slightly narrowed waist, played by being struck with the hands or sticks and used in Latin American music and dance
represent	v: to speak, act, or be present on behalf of another person or group; to form or constitute
modern	adj: of or belonging to the present time or recent times
arthropod	n: a type of invertebrate animal with a segmented body, jointed limbs, and an exoskeleton, including insects, spiders, crustaceans, and centipedes
compound	n: an item composed of two or more distinct elements combined; a chemical formed by the combination of two or more elements
compose	v: to write music, poetry, or formal writing; to constitute or make up a whole, or a specified part of it
lens	n: a transparent optical device with curved sides, used in an optical instrument that makes objects seem larger, smaller, clearer, etc.; (metaphor) the basic thoughts or mindsets through which someone sees or understands the environment or situation
mineral	n: a solid inorganic substance occurring in nature having a definite chemical composition
calcite	n: a mineral consisting of calcium carbonate that is found in a variety of forms, including crystals, rocks, and shells
constitute	v: to be the essential or fundamental elements or parts of something; to establish, appoint, or assign someone to a particular office or position; to make up or compose something
stalk	v: to follow or track someone or something closely and quietly, usually to cause harm or surveillance; to move slowly and quietly to avoid detection; (noun) the main stem of a plant that supports leaves, flowers, and fruit; the stem or main axis of a support structure or framework
peep	v: to take a quick and often furtive or cautious look at something; to emit a small sound or noise, typically a high-pitched chirp or squeak; (noun) a small, high-pitched sound
mud	n: a soft, wet, sticky earth or clay
beneath	adv: in or to a lower place than someone or something
dragonfly	n: a slender-bodied non-stinging insect having two pairs of large transparent wings that are outspread at rest
scour	v: to clean thoroughly and vigorously by scrubbing or rubbing; to search or examine something thoroughly and systematically
upside	n: the positive aspect or potential of something; the upper side of something
dim	adj: poorly lit; not bright
pillar	n: a tall, vertical column or support structure that helps to hold up other parts of a building or structure; a person or thing regarded as providing essential support or core strength to something
degree	n: a unit of measurement for angles, temperature, or level of proficiency or achievement; a rank or level of academic or professional attainment
structure	n: the way of construction of something and the arrangement of its parts, or a complex thing constructed of many parts
overhead	n: the expense of maintaining something that is involved in operating a business, such as rent and heating; (adverb) above your head; in the sky
dominance	n: the state or quality of being the most powerful or influential person or group
vulnerable	adj: capable of being hurt or influenced physically or mentally
environment	n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live
predator	n: an animal whose natural behavior is to prey on others
radical	adj: relating to the essential aspects of anything; far beyond the norm, mainly used of opinions and actions
demise	n: death or the end of something
jaw	n: either of the two bones at the bottom of the face that moves when you open your mouth; (verb) talk socially without exchanging too much information
sweeping	adj: extensive, broad, or far-reaching in scope or impact; characterized by a vigorous or forceful movement, often involving wide motions or gestures
develop	v: to grow or expand; to improve or refine through a process of progress and refinement, often to achieve greater sophistication or complexity; to elaborate or add detail to something that is in the process of being created
spike	n: a narrow, thin, pointed piece of metal, wood, etc.; a sudden large increase in the magnitude or concentration of something
ornamentation	n: decorative detail added to something
neat	adj: clean or tidy, with everything in its place
joint	adj: shared, held, or made between two or more people; (noun) the point of connection between two bones or elements of a skeleton
curl	v: to form or make something form into a curved or spiral shape; (noun) a round shape formed by a series of concentric circles
entirely	adv: completely
seal	v: to close or fasten an envelope, etc. securely; (noun) a large marine mammal that chiefly lives in cold regions and comes on shore to breed
extinction	n: the complete disappearance of a species from the earth
diversity	n: the quality or fact of many different types of things or people being included in something; a range of different things or people
dwindle	v: to gradually decrease in size, amount, or strength; to become smaller
fin	n: a thin flat part on the body of a fish or other aquatic animal used for propulsion or balance
climate	n: the weather in a particular location averaged over some long period
mass	n: a large amount of a substance with no definite shape or form; a large number of people or things grouped or crowded together
catastrophic	adj: extremely harmful; causing physical or financial destruction
approximately	adv: close to a specific number or time but not exactly that number or time
remarkable	adj: worthy of attention because unusual or special
hardy	adj: able to withstand harsh conditions or difficult circumstances; robust, sturdy, or resilient
fossil	n: any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing that has become hard and turned into rock
intact	adj: undamaged and complete
continent	n: one of the earth’s large landmasses; (adjective) abstaining from your feelings, especially your desire to have sex
unlikely	adj: not probable or likely to happen
descendant	n: children or offspring of a specific person, plant, or animal
evolutionary	adj: relating to or denoting how living things develop or change from earlier forms
cousin	n: the child of your aunt or uncle
planet	n: any of the nine large celestial bodies that circle in the solar system; any celestial body that revolves around a star
distant	adj: far away in space, time, or where you are; far apart in relevance, relationship, or kinship
relative	adj: considered and evaluated through comparison with something else
reign	n: the period of time during which a monarch or government holds power; (verb) to be the king or queen
supreme	adj: highest in rank, level, or importance