Important (Read me first!)
This post is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source.
We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time.
Reference Source
You can understand each word more deeply by utilizing the following YouTube Posts and PDF files.
Also, see how to use Englist.me?
All Words (103 Words)
You can learn all the words from basic to advanced levels in the order they appear in the contents.
If you want learn all words quickly, you can use Quick Look Video.
Quick Look
Podcast
YouTube Post
Vocabulary Builder
Advanced Words (29 Words)
If you are confident in your vocabulary, you may prefer to study with content that covers only advanced-level words.
YouTube Post
Vocabulary Builder
Word List
You can quickly review the words in this content from the list below.
Word | Meaning | Advanced |
---|---|---|
concrete | adj: existing in a physical or material form rather than an abstract one; based on facts rather than ideas or guesses; made of or covered with cement | |
construct | v: to build or create something; to assemble or combine different parts to form something whole | |
swath | n: a strip of land, especially a long, narrow one; a large amount or quantity of something | |
pave | v: to cover something with a hard, flat material such as stones, bricks, or concrete, to make it suitable for travel or use | |
span | n: the entire length of something, such as time or space from beginning to end; the amount of space that something covers | |
vast | adj: enormous in size, number, amount, or quantity | |
skyscraper | n: a very tall building, typically one in a city | |
sturdy | adj: physically strong and not easily damaged | |
substance | n: the real physical material of which a thing or person consist; the most important or main part of some idea or experience; an illegal drug | |
prone | adj: inclined or likely to do something or to show a particular characteristic, especially something bad; lying face downward | |
catastrophic | adj: extremely harmful; causing physical or financial destruction | |
crack | v: to break or cause to break without dividing into separate parts; (noun) a line on the surface of something along which it has separated without breaking | |
heal | v: to make a wound or injury to become well again | |
far-fetched | adj: (of an idea or story) so exaggerated or ludicrous as to be very difficult to believe | |
exploit | v: to make full use of and gain an advantage from resources, opportunities, etc. | |
process | n: a series of actions or operations performed to achieve a particular outcome or goal; a systematic procedure or approach used to accomplish a specific task or objective; a method of treating milk to make it suitable for consumption or use in other dairy products | |
combination | n: a collection of things that have been combined; an assemblage of separate parts or qualities | |
coarse | adj: rough or uneven in texture; lacking refinement or sensitivity in behavior, speech, or manners | |
sand | n: finely granulated particles of rock or mineral material typically found along beaches, deserts, or riverbeds; used in construction, landscaping, and other applications requiring drainage or abrasive action | |
particle | n: a small piece of something; a word or piece of a term with grammatical function but little or no significance | |
aggregate | n: a collection or sum of different things often used to describe a total or combination of items | |
cement | v: make fast as if with cement; (noun) a building material that is a powder made of a mixture of calcined limestone and clay, used with water, sand, and small stones to make concrete | |
powder | n: a dry and fine substance that consists of very small, loose particles | |
blend | v: to mix or combine two or more substances | |
clay | n: a natural, earthy material that is made up of very small particles of minerals and can be molded when wet and then fired to produce ceramics | |
limestone | n: a sedimentary rock that is composed mainly of calcium carbonate, which is the mineral calcite | |
chemical | adj: relating to or connected with chemistry; | |
reaction | n: a response that reveals a person’s feelings or attitude; (in chemistry) a process in which one or more substances are changed into others | |
hydrate | v: to add water or moisture to something; to drink enough fluids to maintain proper moisture; (noun) any compound that contains water of crystallization | |
eventually | adv: finally, particularly after a long time or a lot of struggle, complications, and so on | |
prop | n: a piece of wood, metal, etc., placed beneath or against something to support it or keep it in position; a system, institution, or person that gives help or support to someone or something | |
recipe | n: a set of instructions for preparing a dish, including the ingredients and the method of cooking | |
surprisingly | adv: in a way that causes amazement or wonder | |
lifespan | n: the length of time for which a person, animal lives, or thing exists | |
shrinkage | n: the process of becoming smaller or less in size or quantity; the amount by which something has shrunk, contracted, or diminished | |
excessive | adj: greater than what seems necessary, normal, or desirable | |
thaw | v: to become less rigid or hostile; to melt, soften, or become more friendly | |
trigger | v: to make something happen suddenly; to cause something such as a device, machine, etc. to function | |
steel | n: a strong metal alloy made up of iron with typically a few tenths of a percent of carbon used for making things that need a strong structure | |
reinforcement | n: the act of strengthening, supporting, or consolidating; something that serves to strengthen or support | |
oxygen | n: the chemical element with the symbol O that is present in air and water and is necessary for people, animals, and plants to live | |
carbon | n: a chemical element that can be found in pure form as diamond or graphite, and it is also an essential part of coal and oil and is found in all plants and animals | |
oxide | n: a chemical compound that contains at least one oxygen atom and one other element | |
corrode | v: to destroy or eat away slowly by chemical action; to gradually wear away, weaken, or disintegrate over time | |
disastrous | adj: extremely bad, harmful, or unsuccessful | |
collapse | v: to fall down or give way suddenly, often after breaking apart | |
structure | n: the way of construction of something and the arrangement of its parts, or a complex thing constructed of many parts | |
highway | n: a main road, especially one connecting major towns or cities | |
constantly | adv: all the time | |
detect | v: to find or recognize something, especially something difficult to see, hear, etc. | |
catastrophe | n: a sudden event that causes extreme ruin and misfortune | |
endanger | v: to put someone or something in a risky situation | |
fortunate | adj: having good luck or lucky | |
experiment | n: the scientific test conducted to observe what happens and gain new knowledge | |
inspire | v: to make somebody fill with the desire, confidence, or enthusiasm, especially to do something creative | |
healing | n: the process of becoming or making somebody or something well again | |
mechanism | n: a part of a machine, or a set of parts that performs a task; a natural or established process that occurs during a specific situation or reaction | |
calcium | n: a chemical element with the symbol Ca and atomic number 20, which is an important mineral for the human body | |
hydroxide | n: a chemical compound characterized by the presence of one or more hydroxyl groups (-OH), which can either act as a base or be neutralized by an acid to form a salt or water | |
react | v: to take action in response to something | |
autogenous | adj: self-generated or originating from within the same organism or system | |
microscopic | adj: tiny; exceedingly precise and detail-oriented; of or used in microscopy | |
carbonate | n: a carbonic acid salt or ester that contains the anion CO3 | |
crystal | n: a solid material with many even sides that is formed naturally when the substance becomes solid and has a highly regular atomic structure; clear and colorless glass made of almost pure silica | |
gradual | adj: happening slowly over a long period of time or distance; not steep or abrupt | |
gap | n: a conspicuous disparity or difference separates something such as a figure, people, their opinions, situation, etc. | |
unfortunately | adv: by bad luck; unluckily | |
glue | n: a sticky substance used for joining things together; a bonding agent made from animal or synthetic materials | |
adhesive | n: a sticky substance used to hold things together | |
fiber | n: thread or filament used to make a vegetable tissue, mineral material, or textile | |
tube | n: a cylindrical container of metal, plastic, glass, etc., usually sealed and used as a means of preserving food or chemicals; a hollow cylindrical shape | |
mixture | n: a combination of different elements, substances, or entities, usually in non-uniform proportions, resulting in a homogeneous or heterogeneous blend of physical or chemical properties | |
snap | v: to record on photographic film; to make a sudden, sharp sound; (noun) the act of catching an object with the hands | |
release | v: to set free or allow to escape from confinement | |
sticky | adj: made of or covered with an adhesive substance; hot or warm and humid | |
seal | v: to close or fasten an envelope, etc. securely; (noun) a large marine mammal that chiefly lives in cold regions and comes on shore to breed | |
discovery | n: the act or process of finding information, a place, or an object, or learning about something that was previously not known | |
bacteria | n: single-celled or noncellular spherical or spiral or rod-shaped organisms that exist in large numbers in the air, water, and soil, and also in living and dead creatures and plants, and are often a cause of disease | |
fungus | n: a type of organism that includes yeasts, molds, and mushrooms, which are heterotrophic, meaning they do not produce their food and must consume organic matter to survive | |
mineral | n: a solid inorganic substance occurring in nature having a definite chemical composition | |
experimental | adj: relating to or based on new ideas, forms, methods, etc. that have not been tried before, usually to find out what effect they have | |
spore | n: a reproductive cell that is capable of developing into a new individual without fertilization, especially one produced by certain bacteria, fungi, and algae | |
nutrient | n: any substance that is essential for the maintenance and growth of living things | |
dormant | adj: in a state of temporary inactivity, rest, or sleep; not growing or progressing but capable of doing so under the right circumstances | |
trickle | v: to flow or drip slowly and in small amounts; to happen or occur gradually or in small quantities | |
germinate | v: to begin to grow or develop, typically as a seed sprouts | |
consume | v: to spend something, especially fuel, energy, or time, in a large amount | |
surround | v: to be all around something or somebody | |
mod | n: a modification or alteration, typically one made to improve something or increase its functionality; a British teenager or young adult in the 1960s, noted for their clothes consciousness and opposition to the rockers | |
environment | n: the natural world such as air, water, and land in which humans, animals, and plants live | |
roughly | adv: approximately but not precisely; with a violent manner | |
microbe | n: a tiny living thing that can only be seen with a microscope and that may cause disease | |
cycle | n: an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs; a bicycle or motorcycle | |
technique | n: a particular way or art of doing something that needs skill | |
extensive | adj: covering a large area; having a wide range | |
incorporate | v: to include something as a part of a larger entity | |
resilient | adj: able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions | |
long-lasting | adj: existing or continuing for a long time | |
drastic | adj: radical and extreme; likely to have a significant or far-reaching impact | |
microorganism | n: a very small living thing that may exist in its single-celled form or as a colony of cells and is too small to be seen without a microscope | |
reconsider | v: to think about a decision or opinion again to | |
inanimate | adj: not having life or spirit; not animate | |
jungle | n: an area of tropical forest where in which trees and plants grow very thickly |